{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3176106882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2021.3129933","title":"Taxonomy to Unify Fault Tolerance Regimes for Automotive Systems: Defining Fail-Operational, Fail-Degraded, and Fail-Safe","display_name":"Taxonomy to Unify Fault Tolerance Regimes for Automotive Systems: Defining Fail-Operational, Fail-Degraded, and Fail-Safe","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3176106882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2021.3129933","mag":"3176106882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tiv.2021.3129933","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2021.3129933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199657","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","issn_l":"2379-8858","issn":["2379-8858","2379-8904"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.11042.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025920467","display_name":"Torben Stolte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3697-8046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Torben Stolte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Control Engineering at TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3697-8046","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Control Engineering at TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035512264","display_name":"Stefan Ackermann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0984-0423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Ackermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automotive Engineering at TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0984-0423","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automotive Engineering at TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081467521","display_name":"Robert Graubohm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6682-4788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Graubohm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Control Engineering at TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6682-4788","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Control Engineering at TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048398107","display_name":"Inga Jatzkowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-3913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inga Jatzkowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Control Engineering at TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-3913","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Control Engineering at TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051306779","display_name":"Bj\u00f6rn Klamann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2589-9812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bjorn Klamann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automotive Engineering at TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2589-9812","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automotive Engineering at TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065436966","display_name":"Hermann Winner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9824-3195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hermann Winner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automotive Engineering at TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9824-3195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automotive Engineering at TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006074043","display_name":"Markus Maurer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5357-9701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Maurer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Control Engineering at TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5357-9701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Control Engineering at TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025920467"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1704,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47903564,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"251","last_page":"262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.8220968246459961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.6779103875160217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.6543388366699219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5748794078826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.559238076210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.509615421295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.44446682929992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.42874789237976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.34840285778045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.33180275559425354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29595112800598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.18724602460861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11173033714294434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09293422102928162}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.8220968246459961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.6779103875160217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.6543388366699219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5748794078826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.559238076210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.509615421295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.44446682929992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.42874789237976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.34840285778045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.33180275559425354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29595112800598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.18724602460861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11173033714294434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09293422102928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tiv.2021.3129933","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tiv.2021.3129933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199657","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","issn_l":"2379-8858","issn":["2379-8858","2379-8904"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:22082","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401590","display_name":"Technischen Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"mag:3176106882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.11042.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:130734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/130734/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Artikel"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:134049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/22082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Artikel"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2106.11042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2106.11042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.26083/tuprints-00022082","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26083/tuprints-00022082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051655","display_name":"TUprints","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:3176106882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.11042.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W199666712","https://openalex.org/W1008877772","https://openalex.org/W1427890894","https://openalex.org/W1488202922","https://openalex.org/W1506704133","https://openalex.org/W1579424694","https://openalex.org/W1603773847","https://openalex.org/W1975315658","https://openalex.org/W1992780030","https://openalex.org/W2025223104","https://openalex.org/W2049384405","https://openalex.org/W2110346037","https://openalex.org/W2145071552","https://openalex.org/W2297125810","https://openalex.org/W2395198541","https://openalex.org/W2396538707","https://openalex.org/W2508788215","https://openalex.org/W2515473702","https://openalex.org/W2523005533","https://openalex.org/W2560882727","https://openalex.org/W2564593927","https://openalex.org/W2599408266","https://openalex.org/W2601647880","https://openalex.org/W2603128835","https://openalex.org/W2739495019","https://openalex.org/W2746969628","https://openalex.org/W2753280172","https://openalex.org/W2884652989","https://openalex.org/W2886118331","https://openalex.org/W2899918498","https://openalex.org/W2903477858","https://openalex.org/W2914753590","https://openalex.org/W2919153987","https://openalex.org/W2930418732","https://openalex.org/W2943108979","https://openalex.org/W2954311232","https://openalex.org/W2959705507","https://openalex.org/W2972515954","https://openalex.org/W2991061590","https://openalex.org/W2991635893","https://openalex.org/W2999156422","https://openalex.org/W3000755173","https://openalex.org/W3001146570","https://openalex.org/W3003005677","https://openalex.org/W3005975842","https://openalex.org/W3006181540","https://openalex.org/W3009552506","https://openalex.org/W3049547019","https://openalex.org/W3066030177","https://openalex.org/W3067426124","https://openalex.org/W3120705919","https://openalex.org/W3134411268","https://openalex.org/W4230636427","https://openalex.org/W4231266256","https://openalex.org/W4236643515","https://openalex.org/W4237542949","https://openalex.org/W4240643284","https://openalex.org/W4240672450","https://openalex.org/W4241559774","https://openalex.org/W4242994874","https://openalex.org/W4250653407","https://openalex.org/W4252166314","https://openalex.org/W4393368006","https://openalex.org/W6735590106","https://openalex.org/W6735809050","https://openalex.org/W6743003606","https://openalex.org/W6744009939","https://openalex.org/W6752824798","https://openalex.org/W6753438233","https://openalex.org/W6759318950","https://openalex.org/W6760253338","https://openalex.org/W6761209238","https://openalex.org/W6773256609","https://openalex.org/W6793036910","https://openalex.org/W6944989059"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2767698766","https://openalex.org/W2295873635","https://openalex.org/W2530072509","https://openalex.org/W1529410426","https://openalex.org/W273183640","https://openalex.org/W2602503954","https://openalex.org/W2122009344","https://openalex.org/W2229953612","https://openalex.org/W2949071524","https://openalex.org/W2083192461","https://openalex.org/W2789506165","https://openalex.org/W2978309085","https://openalex.org/W2170457584","https://openalex.org/W2618314566","https://openalex.org/W3022336777","https://openalex.org/W2261745335","https://openalex.org/W3179906412","https://openalex.org/W2042967865","https://openalex.org/W3146112087","https://openalex.org/W2160941157"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,49],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,158],"taxonomy":[4,83,183],"that":[5,60,181],"allows":[6],"defining":[7],"the":[8,25,70,123,162,178,182],"fault":[9,61,104],"tolerance":[10,31,62,105],"regimes":[11,32,63],"<italic":[12,16,21,110,114,119,128,132,143,148,153,163],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[13,17,22,111,115,120,129,133,144,149,154,164],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">fail-operational</i>":[14,112],",":[15,19,113,117,122,147,152,156],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">fail-degraded</i>":[18,116],"and":[20,118,131,157],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">fail-safe</i>":[23,121],"in":[24,39,65],"context":[26],"of":[27,127,142,161,174,190],"automotive":[28,54,71,179],"systems.":[29],"Fault":[30],"such":[33],"as":[34,76,78,92,94],"these":[35],"are":[36,73,138],"widely":[37],"used":[38],"recent":[40],"publications":[41,67],"related":[42,68],"to":[43,69,102,109,187],"automated":[44],"driving,":[45],"yet":[46],"without":[47],"definitions.":[48],"largely":[50],"holds":[51],"true":[52],"for":[53],"safety":[55],"standards,":[56],"too.":[57],"We":[58],"show":[59,171],"defined":[64],"scientific":[66],"domain":[72,180],"partially":[74],"ambiguous":[75],"well":[77,93],"taxonomically":[79],"unrelated.":[80],"The":[81],"presented":[82],"is":[84],"based":[85],"on":[86],"terminology":[87,125],"stemming":[88],"from":[89,95,177],"ISO":[90],"26262":[91],"systems":[96,189],"engineering.":[97],"It":[98],"uses":[99],"four":[100],"criteria":[101],"distinguish":[103],"regimes.":[106],"In":[107],"addition":[108],"core":[124],"consists":[126],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">operational</i>":[130],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">fail-unsafe</i>":[134],".":[135,167],"These":[136],"terms":[137],"supported":[139],"by":[140,172],"definitions":[141],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">available":[145],"performance</i>":[146,151],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">nominal":[150],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">functionality</i>":[155],"concise":[159],"definition":[160],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">safe":[165],"state</i>":[166],"For":[168],"verification,":[169],"we":[170],"means":[173],"two":[175],"examples":[176],"can":[184],"be":[185],"applied":[186],"hierarchical":[188],"different":[191],"complexity.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}