{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7150731900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3677528","title":"Modelling Different Penetration Rates of Automated Eco-Driving Electric Vehicles in an Urban Area","display_name":"Modelling Different Penetration Rates of Automated Eco-Driving Electric Vehicles in an Urban Area","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7150731900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3677528"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2026.3677528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3677528","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010473280","display_name":"Jakub Kr\u00f3l","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-586X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799890334","display_name":"Transport for London","ror":"https://ror.org/03vnshb93","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799730521","https://openalex.org/I2799890334"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakub Krol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Transport Studies, Faculty of Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-586X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Transport Studies, Faculty of Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799890334","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001940829","display_name":"Bani Anvari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-7636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799890334","display_name":"Transport for London","ror":"https://ror.org/03vnshb93","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799730521","https://openalex.org/I2799890334"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bani Anvari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Transport Studies, Faculty of Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-7636","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Transport Studies, Faculty of Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799890334","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085352777","display_name":"Craig B. Rafter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3411-114X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig Rafter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3411-114X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057680972","display_name":"James Fleming","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2936-4644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Fleming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2936-4644","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028850791","display_name":"Xingda Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1257-9908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140554","display_name":"Digital Catapult (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03wsc5672","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingda Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Connected Places Catapult, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1257-9908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Connected Places Catapult, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140554"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133039657","display_name":"Roberto Lot","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Lot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padua, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5022-5724","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28620584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"6","first_page":"6240","last_page":"6256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12095","display_name":"Vehicle emissions and performance","score":0.4050999879837036,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12095","display_name":"Vehicle emissions and performance","score":0.4050999879837036,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.22789999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.09780000150203705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-area","display_name":"Urban area","score":0.7157999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penetration","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","score":0.6855999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penetration-rate","display_name":"Penetration rate","score":0.5101000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-model","display_name":"Mathematical model","score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-models","display_name":"Numerical models","score":0.29089999198913574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778368647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702492","display_name":"Urban area","level":2,"score":0.7157999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.6855999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5753999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993265231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16863864","display_name":"Penetration rate","level":2,"score":0.5101000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76969082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486902","display_name":"Mathematical model","level":2,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986605239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Numerical models","level":3,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776825979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674950","display_name":"Residential area","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2026.3677528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3677528","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7778359651565552,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5824756056","display_name":"Green adaptive control for future interconnected vehicles","funder_award_id":"EP/N022262/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506660872","https://openalex.org/W1965455100","https://openalex.org/W1992966824","https://openalex.org/W2002635343","https://openalex.org/W2033472041","https://openalex.org/W2042768188","https://openalex.org/W2044519836","https://openalex.org/W2059317436","https://openalex.org/W2066535826","https://openalex.org/W2067457993","https://openalex.org/W2070814342","https://openalex.org/W2072193572","https://openalex.org/W2078727509","https://openalex.org/W2083169902","https://openalex.org/W2090715271","https://openalex.org/W2091400818","https://openalex.org/W2127431192","https://openalex.org/W2136640461","https://openalex.org/W2169528473","https://openalex.org/W2505190578","https://openalex.org/W2522175069","https://openalex.org/W2546423224","https://openalex.org/W2561463613","https://openalex.org/W2606206351","https://openalex.org/W2739574231","https://openalex.org/W2760597552","https://openalex.org/W2807815329","https://openalex.org/W2814731313","https://openalex.org/W2884394246","https://openalex.org/W2887019600","https://openalex.org/W2891048072","https://openalex.org/W2910516129","https://openalex.org/W2910928034","https://openalex.org/W2920107241","https://openalex.org/W2959409729","https://openalex.org/W2980432249","https://openalex.org/W3000166362","https://openalex.org/W3006586862","https://openalex.org/W3010702530","https://openalex.org/W3152858716","https://openalex.org/W3154705700","https://openalex.org/W3187734310","https://openalex.org/W3206419504","https://openalex.org/W3216015368","https://openalex.org/W4321488379","https://openalex.org/W4323530204","https://openalex.org/W4386275775"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2026-04-07T00:00:00"}