{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133703689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3667481","title":"Memory-Based TD3 for Autonomous Train Speed Trajectory Optimization Under Virtual Coupling","display_name":"Memory-Based TD3 for Autonomous Train Speed Trajectory Optimization Under Virtual Coupling","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133703689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3667481"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2026.3667481","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3667481","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090290928","display_name":"Min Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9286-1726"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9286-1726","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128187588","display_name":"Xuan Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128194959","display_name":"Hongwei Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Center of Railway Safety Assessment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-3988","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Center of Railway Safety Assessment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128209892","display_name":"Hairong Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hairong Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4369-3401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20516539,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"4","first_page":"3973","last_page":"3985"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9226999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9226999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.6197999715805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5896999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.5026000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory-optimization","display_name":"Trajectory optimization","score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-dynamics","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","score":0.33570000529289246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.6197999715805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5896999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5467000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.5026000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173246807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7833062","display_name":"Trajectory optimization","level":3,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79487989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934680","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","level":2,"score":0.33570000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2026.3667481","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3667481","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.725486159324646}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4389901333","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24B20118","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4543445813","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62327806","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8386597458","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62473037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Virtual":[0],"coupling":[1,52],"is":[2,97],"considered":[3],"a":[4,61,121,127,174],"key":[5],"technology":[6],"for":[7,49,66],"increasing":[8],"line":[9,43,79],"capacity":[10],"and":[11,19,30,45,53,55,84,125,137,151,200,223],"enhancing":[12],"recovery":[13],"capabilities":[14],"in":[15,109,189,214],"emergencies.":[16],"Real-time":[17],"generation":[18],"optimization":[20,64],"of":[21,78,147,186,210,221],"train":[22,32,39,69,100,106,150,177],"speed":[23,62,107,178],"trajectory":[24,63,108,179],"are":[25,140,167],"fundamental":[26],"to":[27,99,103,142,194],"ensuring":[28],"safe":[29,135],"efficient":[31,56],"operation":[33,145],"under":[34,70],"virtual":[35,71,87],"coupling.":[36,88],"The":[37,169,203],"autonomous":[38,41,68,149],"enables":[40],"request":[42],"resources":[44],"makes":[46],"decisions,":[47],"allowing":[48],"more":[50],"flexible":[51],"reliable":[54],"operation.":[57],"This":[58],"paper":[59],"constructs":[60],"model":[65],"the":[67,76,101,105,113,118,148,163,190,195,208,211,219,231],"coupling,":[72],"which":[73],"meticulously":[74],"considers":[75],"effects":[77],"resources,":[80],"such":[81],"as":[82],"switches":[83],"routes,":[85],"on":[86,159],"A":[89],"Twin":[90],"Delayed":[91],"Deep":[92],"Deterministic":[93],"Policy":[94],"Gradient":[95],"(TD3)":[96],"utilized":[98],"agent":[102,119],"optimize":[104],"real-time.":[110],"By":[111],"integrating":[112],"Long":[114],"Short-Term":[115],"Memory":[116],"(LSTM),":[117],"has":[120],"longer":[122],"history":[123],"memory":[124,222],"learns":[126],"better":[128],"policy.":[129],"Moreover,":[130],"two":[131],"protection":[132,139,204],"mechanisms":[133,205],"involving":[134],"following":[136],"switch":[138],"designed":[141],"ensure":[143,207],"absolute":[144],"safety":[146,209],"improve":[152],"training":[153],"efficiency.":[154],"Three":[155],"numerical":[156],"experiments":[157],"based":[158],"real":[160],"data":[161],"from":[162],"Beijing-Shanghai":[164],"High-Speed":[165],"Railway":[166],"conducted.":[168],"proposed":[170,232],"method":[171,233],"can":[172],"generate":[173],"higher":[175],"quality":[176],"within":[180],"seconds,":[181],"achieving":[182],"an":[183],"average":[184],"reduction":[185],"over":[187],"10%":[188],"objective":[191],"function":[192],"compared":[193],"commonly":[196],"used":[197],"driving":[198],"strategy":[199],"commercial":[201],"solver.":[202],"always":[206],"trains,":[212],"even":[213],"unknown":[215],"operating":[216],"scenarios.":[217],"Furthermore,":[218],"effect":[220],"its":[224],"length":[225],"have":[226],"been":[227],"analyzed":[228],"by":[229],"comparing":[230],"with":[234],"other":[235],"deep":[236],"reinforcement":[237],"learning":[238],"methods.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T06:02:45.956762","created_date":"2026-03-06T00:00:00"}
