{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131832352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3663298","title":"Improved Self-Localization for Intelligent Vehicles in Underground Parking Lots: Fusing Visual Features and Semantic Topology","display_name":"Improved Self-Localization for Intelligent Vehicles in Underground Parking Lots: Fusing Visual Features and Semantic Topology","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131832352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3663298"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2026.3663298","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3663298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101624452","display_name":"Gang Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4575-4749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4575-4749","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaoshuang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6783-4714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoshuang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6783-4714","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127279093","display_name":"Jiayue Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayue Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127299102","display_name":"Zhe Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113795","display_name":"Hubei University of Arts and Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0212jcf64","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Vehicle-Infrastructure Collaboration and Traffic Control, Xiangyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Vehicle-Infrastructure Collaboration and Traffic Control, Xiangyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127256947","display_name":"Lingjuan Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingjuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2774-0813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18371818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"6","first_page":"6664","last_page":"6674"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.4675000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.4675000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.08330000191926956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.0364999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.6114000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5048999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.47850000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.47380000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.41100001335144043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6496999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6114000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5321000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5048999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4966000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.47850000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.47380000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.4672999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79487989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934680","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2026.3663298","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2026.3663298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7168139219284058,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989484209","https://openalex.org/W1991544872","https://openalex.org/W2069049193","https://openalex.org/W2117228865","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2471962767","https://openalex.org/W2488197043","https://openalex.org/W2893329678","https://openalex.org/W2909908358","https://openalex.org/W2950993603","https://openalex.org/W2974731111","https://openalex.org/W3008306575","https://openalex.org/W3016959483","https://openalex.org/W3043971245","https://openalex.org/W3128809698","https://openalex.org/W3131641033","https://openalex.org/W3210586215","https://openalex.org/W4214903613","https://openalex.org/W4281765788","https://openalex.org/W4292982259","https://openalex.org/W4293777125","https://openalex.org/W4312260251","https://openalex.org/W4313068543","https://openalex.org/W4313190788","https://openalex.org/W4315489318","https://openalex.org/W4362604778","https://openalex.org/W4379538705","https://openalex.org/W4383753307","https://openalex.org/W4387624032","https://openalex.org/W4390120188"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"self-localization":[1,15],"is":[2,20,42,55,82],"increasingly":[3],"required":[4],"for":[5],"Intelligent":[6],"Vehicles":[7],"(IVs)":[8],"in":[9,94],"underground":[10],"parking":[11],"lots.":[12],"Among":[13],"various":[14],"methods,":[16],"the":[17,46,101],"vision-based":[18],"approach":[19],"considered":[21],"an":[22],"effective":[23],"scheme":[24],"due":[25],"to":[26,32,44,57,84],"its":[27],"low":[28],"cost":[29],"and":[30,67],"capability":[31],"provide":[33],"rich":[34],"information.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"paper,":[38],"a":[39,73],"novel":[40],"method":[41,90,103],"proposed":[43,83,89,102],"enhance":[45],"localization":[47,71,86,106],"performance.":[48,111],"A":[49],"fusion":[50],"method,":[51],"named":[52],"Dynamic":[53],"K-KNN,":[54],"developed":[56],"improve":[58,85],"scene":[59],"recognition":[60],"by":[61],"fusing":[62],"handcrafted":[63],"features,":[64,66],"convolutional":[65],"semantic":[68,79],"topology.":[69],"For":[70],"computation,":[72],"Maximum":[74],"Likelihood":[75],"Estimation":[76],"based":[77],"on":[78],"topology":[80],"constraints":[81],"accuracy.":[87],"The":[88],"has":[91],"been":[92],"tested":[93],"two":[95],"scenarios.":[96],"Experimental":[97],"results":[98],"demonstrate":[99],"that":[100],"achieves":[104],"improved":[105],"accuracy,":[107],"reaching":[108],"sub-meter":[109],"level":[110]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T06:22:57.294733","created_date":"2026-02-28T00:00:00"}