{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409057746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2025.3553170","title":"TSceneJAL: Joint Active Learning of Traffic Scenes for 3D Object Detection","display_name":"TSceneJAL: Joint Active Learning of Traffic Scenes for 3D Object Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409057746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2025.3553170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2025.3553170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2025.3553170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002868569","display_name":"Chenyang Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5403-2479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chenyang Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5403-2479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111241682","display_name":"Weiyuan Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1506-6946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiyuan Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1506-6946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036111851","display_name":"Guang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4796-1795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089559","display_name":"Shenzhen Metro (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/008hpge95","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089559"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Deeproute.ai Company Ltd., Shenzhen, China","Shenzhen Deeproute.ai Company Ltd, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Deeproute.ai Company Ltd., Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089559"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Deeproute.ai Company Ltd, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089559"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043120607","display_name":"Mengmeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-4315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meiying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-4315","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037660521","display_name":"Qi Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-5965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-5965","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049157841","display_name":"Chunlin Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2260-4107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087919","display_name":"Kuang-Chi (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/002thpc56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunlin Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2260-4107","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087919"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012773300","display_name":"Chengzhong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-0356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengzhong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-0356","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002868569"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1332,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76288243,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"6","first_page":"8424","last_page":"8440"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6608919501304626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.6596565246582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6415289640426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6060647964477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5819572806358337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.46655720472335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.2912924587726593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21904289722442627}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6608919501304626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6596565246582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6415289640426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6060647964477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5819572806358337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.46655720472335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2912924587726593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21904289722442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2025.3553170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2025.3553170","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1033837361","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0123/2022/AFJ","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2644544038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KJZD20231023092600001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329791","funder_display_name":"Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3915040886","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HZQB-KCZYZ-2021055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336569","funder_display_name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5889209824","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62261160654","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5988674627","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JCYJ20220818103006012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329791","funder_display_name":"Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6328352668","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0081/2022/A2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/044vr6g03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329791","display_name":"Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336569","display_name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001610032","https://openalex.org/W2011674654","https://openalex.org/W2124244761","https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2772303887","https://openalex.org/W2798820905","https://openalex.org/W2962730596","https://openalex.org/W2968296999","https://openalex.org/W2970624554","https://openalex.org/W2978725006","https://openalex.org/W2986514296","https://openalex.org/W2991458725","https://openalex.org/W3034975685","https://openalex.org/W3035057392","https://openalex.org/W3035574168","https://openalex.org/W3108381027","https://openalex.org/W3118427100","https://openalex.org/W3126015239","https://openalex.org/W3164803610","https://openalex.org/W3178218920","https://openalex.org/W4230649179","https://openalex.org/W4281612374","https://openalex.org/W4281951312","https://openalex.org/W4285813066","https://openalex.org/W4289080759","https://openalex.org/W4312407813","https://openalex.org/W4312752444","https://openalex.org/W4383109103","https://openalex.org/W4390873168","https://openalex.org/W6630424276","https://openalex.org/W6638258969","https://openalex.org/W6639393196","https://openalex.org/W6735443497","https://openalex.org/W6747231328","https://openalex.org/W6763607942","https://openalex.org/W6767379092","https://openalex.org/W6849183073","https://openalex.org/W6849251013"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"autonomous":[1],"driving":[2],"(AD)":[3],"datasets":[4,35,39,179],"incur":[5],"substantial":[6],"costs":[7],"for":[8,102,150],"collection":[9],"and":[10,18,25,40,64,71,117,125,168,177],"labeling,":[11],"inevitably":[12],"yielding":[13],"a":[14,49,82,88,107,118,135,161],"plethora":[15],"of":[16,76,156],"low-quality":[17],"redundant":[19],"data":[20],"instances,":[21],"thereby":[22],"compromising":[23],"performance":[24],"efficiency.":[26],"Many":[27],"applications":[28],"in":[29,160],"AD":[30],"systems":[31],"necessitate":[32],"high-quality":[33],"training":[34],"using":[36],"both":[37,69],"existing":[38,185],"newly":[41],"collected":[42],"data.":[43,73],"In":[44],"this":[45,77],"paper,":[46],"we":[47],"propose":[48],"traffic":[50,66],"scene":[51,83],"joint":[52,162],"active":[53,104],"learning":[54],"(TSceneJAL)":[55],"framework":[56,78],"that":[57,181],"can":[58],"efficiently":[59],"sample":[60],"the":[61,103,113,143,151,154,173],"balanced,":[62],"diverse,":[63],"complex":[65,147],"scenes":[67,93],"from":[68],"labeled":[70],"unlabeled":[72],"The":[74],"novelty":[75],"is":[79],"threefold:":[80],"1)":[81],"sampling":[84,109,131],"scheme":[85],"based":[86],"on":[87,172,188],"category":[89],"entropy,":[90],"to":[91,122,139,195],"identify":[92],"containing":[94],"multiple":[95],"object":[96,190],"classes,":[97],"thus":[98],"mitigating":[99],"class":[100],"imbalance":[101],"learner;":[105],"2)":[106],"similarity":[108],"scheme,":[110,132],"estimated":[111],"through":[112],"directed":[114],"graph":[115],"representation":[116],"marginalize":[119],"kernel":[120],"algorithm,":[121],"pick":[123],"sparse":[124],"diverse":[126],"scenes;":[127],"3)":[128],"an":[129,166],"uncertainty":[130],"predicted":[133],"by":[134],"mixture":[136],"density":[137],"network,":[138],"select":[140],"instances":[141],"with":[142,193],"most":[144],"unclear":[145],"or":[146],"regression":[148],"outcomes":[149],"learner.":[152],"Finally,":[153],"integration":[155],"these":[157],"three":[158],"schemes":[159],"selection":[163],"strategy":[164],"yields":[165],"optimal":[167],"valuable":[169],"subdataset.":[170],"Experiments":[171],"KITTI,":[174],"Lyft,":[175],"nuScenes":[176],"SUScape":[178],"demonstrate":[180],"our":[182],"approach":[183],"outperforms":[184],"state-of-the-art":[186],"methods":[187],"3D":[189],"detection":[191],"tasks":[192],"up":[194],"12%":[196],"improvements.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
