{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409057731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2025.3550267","title":"VNDHR: Variational Single Nighttime Image Dehazing for Enhancing Visibility in Intelligent Transportation Systems via Hybrid Regularization","display_name":"VNDHR: Variational Single Nighttime Image Dehazing for Enhancing Visibility in Intelligent Transportation Systems via Hybrid Regularization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409057731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2025.3550267"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2025.3550267","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2025.3550267","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083093046","display_name":"Yun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-5531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458478","display_name":"Xinran Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3885-6870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinran Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109677063","display_name":"Enping Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enping Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102975364","display_name":"Anzhi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0736-2624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154893126","display_name":"Guizhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02x1pa065","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154893126"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anzhi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Big Data and Computer Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Big Data and Computer Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154893126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041380674","display_name":"Babak Shiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2249-282X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117337","display_name":"Neijiang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bc8tz70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Babak Shiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Recovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Mathematics and Information Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan, China","College of Mathematics and Information Science, Data Recovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Recovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Mathematics and Information Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117337"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Information Science, Data Recovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117337"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403129","display_name":"Weisi Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9866-1947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weisi Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Jurong West, Singapore","College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083093046"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":81.4815,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99962832,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"7","first_page":"10189","last_page":"10203"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.8195325136184692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.6878468990325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.6695986390113831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6115650534629822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6042785048484802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5610407590866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.182405024766922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16946062445640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.13679105043411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.06706681847572327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.8195325136184692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6878468990325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.6695986390113831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6115650534629822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6042785048484802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5610407590866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.182405024766922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16946062445640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.13679105043411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.06706681847572327}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2025.3550267","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2025.3550267","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2222404546","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62162013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6522400727","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301453","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540764732","https://openalex.org/W1575701986","https://openalex.org/W1640745651","https://openalex.org/W1985066542","https://openalex.org/W2063971703","https://openalex.org/W2105370297","https://openalex.org/W2107861471","https://openalex.org/W2125188192","https://openalex.org/W2128254161","https://openalex.org/W2156936307","https://openalex.org/W2206123561","https://openalex.org/W2256362396","https://openalex.org/W2468596194","https://openalex.org/W2519481857","https://openalex.org/W2606010747","https://openalex.org/W2746139371","https://openalex.org/W2780108394","https://openalex.org/W2789294806","https://openalex.org/W2791710889","https://openalex.org/W2795812085","https://openalex.org/W2892628644","https://openalex.org/W2969218019","https://openalex.org/W2970680552","https://openalex.org/W2996367318","https://openalex.org/W3003838261","https://openalex.org/W3008316673","https://openalex.org/W3015044426","https://openalex.org/W3082123652","https://openalex.org/W3085501641","https://openalex.org/W3091369929","https://openalex.org/W3093348923","https://openalex.org/W3115046191","https://openalex.org/W3129534753","https://openalex.org/W3208626099","https://openalex.org/W4206628548","https://openalex.org/W4285108553","https://openalex.org/W4285261750","https://openalex.org/W4285507185","https://openalex.org/W4292794159","https://openalex.org/W4295021953","https://openalex.org/W4295129745","https://openalex.org/W4312292362","https://openalex.org/W4312556940","https://openalex.org/W4313026854","https://openalex.org/W4313192011","https://openalex.org/W4366493140","https://openalex.org/W4378804917","https://openalex.org/W4379116594","https://openalex.org/W4387968090","https://openalex.org/W4387968529","https://openalex.org/W4389075342","https://openalex.org/W4392980146","https://openalex.org/W4394804956","https://openalex.org/W4395447806","https://openalex.org/W4399665721","https://openalex.org/W4399800955","https://openalex.org/W4402816933","https://openalex.org/W4409367724"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"visibility":[1,85],"of":[2,28,86,239],"images":[3,14,213,241],"plays":[4],"a":[5,71,91,108,123,134,142,146,172,202],"crucial":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8,155,167,185],"Intelligent":[9],"Transportation":[10],"Systems":[11],"(ITS).":[12],"However,":[13],"captured":[15],"under":[16,49,100],"hazy":[17,40,88,212,248],"environments":[18],"can":[19,234],"degrade":[20],"visual":[21],"quality,":[22],"significantly":[23],"reducing":[24],"the":[25,46,83,152,156,160,183,186,191,195],"working":[26],"performance":[27,37],"ITS.":[29],"Although":[30],"existing":[31],"dehazing":[32,221],"methods":[33],"have":[34],"achieved":[35],"remarkable":[36],"for":[38,97],"daytime":[39,247],"images,":[41,246,249,251],"they":[42],"struggle":[43],"to":[44,140,164,181,200],"overcome":[45],"unique":[47],"degradations":[48,99],"nighttime":[50,87,101,211],"haze":[51,102,154],"conditions":[52,103],"such":[53,243],"as":[54,244],"glows,":[55],"weak":[56],"illumination,":[57,157],"hidden":[58],"noise,":[59],"and":[60,133,145,194,209,228,252],"color":[61],"distortions.":[62],"To":[63,150],"simultaneously":[64],"address":[65],"these":[66],"degradations,":[67],"we":[68,158],"propose":[69],"VNDHR,":[70],"novel":[72,109],"Variational":[73],"Nighttime":[74],"Dehazing":[75],"framework":[76,218],"using":[77],"Hybrid":[78],"Regularization":[79],"focusing":[80],"on":[81,207],"enhancing":[82],"perceptual":[84],"scenarios.":[89],"Specifically,":[90],"new":[92],"physical":[93],"model":[94,112],"that":[95,215],"accounts":[96],"multiple":[98],"is":[104,138,179],"first":[105],"constructed.":[106],"Then,":[107],"hybrid":[110],"variational":[111],"comprising":[113],"an":[114],"<inline-formula":[115,125],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[116,126],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[117,127],"<tex-math":[118,128],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\ell":[119,129],"_{p}$":[120],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[121,131],"norm,":[122,132],"weighted":[124],"_{2}$":[130],"total":[135],"variation":[136],"regularization":[137],"developed":[139],"obtain":[141],"structure-aware":[143],"illumination":[144,193],"noise-free":[147],"reflectance,":[148],"simultaneously.":[149],"remove":[151],"nonhomogeneous":[153],"employ":[159],"dark":[161],"channel":[162],"prior":[163],"estimate":[165],"parameters":[166],"each":[168],"grid":[169],"patch.":[170],"Furthermore,":[171],"simple":[173],"but":[174],"effective":[175],"nonlinear":[176],"stretching":[177],"function":[178],"designed":[180],"enhance":[182],"texture":[184],"decomposed":[187],"reflectance":[188,197],"component.":[189],"Finally,":[190],"dehazed":[192],"stretched":[196],"are":[198],"combined":[199],"generate":[201],"haze-free":[203],"result.":[204],"Experiments":[205],"performed":[206],"synthetic":[208],"real-world":[210],"prove":[214],"our":[216,232],"VNDHR":[217,233],"achieves":[219],"state-of-the-art":[220],"performance,":[222],"providing":[223],"results":[224],"with":[225],"clear":[226],"details":[227],"less":[229],"noise.":[230],"Besides,":[231],"also":[235],"handle":[236],"various":[237],"types":[238],"degraded":[240],"well,":[242],"low-light":[245],"sandstorm":[250],"underwater":[253],"images.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":49}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}