{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405429589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3510913","title":"REFOL: Resource-Efficient Federated Online Learning for Traffic Flow Forecasting","display_name":"REFOL: Resource-Efficient Federated Online Learning for Traffic Flow Forecasting","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405429589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3510913"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2024.3510913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3510913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/227425/1/REFOL_Resource-Efficient_Federated_Online_Learning_for_Traffic_Flow_Forecasting.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qingxiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2277-830X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingxiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2277-830X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sheng Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0260-2692"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0260-2692","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018828723","display_name":"Yuxuan Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-7337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxuan Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["INTR Thrust &#x0026; DSA Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China","INTR Thrust and DSA Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-7337","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INTR Thrust &#x0026; DSA Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INTR Thrust and DSA Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007818509","display_name":"Xiaolong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4879-9803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4879-9803","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Min Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2824-9601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2824-9601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad Bilal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4221-0877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Bilal","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4221-0877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3228-7371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3228-7371","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071226632","display_name":"Xujing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5726-8882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xujing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5726-8882","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100681023","display_name":"Yu Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5224-4344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103986","display_name":"Jingdong (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01dkjkq64","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103986"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["JD Intelligent Cities Research and JD iCity, JD Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5224-4344","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JD Intelligent Cities Research and JD iCity, JD Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103986"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9489,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85268191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"2","first_page":"2777","last_page":"2792"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9603000283241272,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6228131651878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-flow","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","score":0.4787941873073578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.4646342098712921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.42108821868896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.33508288860321045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.328377366065979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32138657569885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.23567569255828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2187565565109253}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6228131651878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207512268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3074551","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","level":2,"score":0.4787941873073578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.4646342098712921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.42108821868896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.33508288860321045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.328377366065979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32138657569885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.23567569255828857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2187565565109253}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2024.3510913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3510913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:227425","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/227425/1/REFOL_Resource-Efficient_Federated_Online_Learning_for_Traffic_Flow_Forecasting.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:227425","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/227425/1/REFOL_Resource-Efficient_Federated_Online_Learning_for_Traffic_Flow_Forecasting.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1972858304","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62472410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2400028577","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072436","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3659382779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFB2900102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405429589.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405429589.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W38774257","https://openalex.org/W107619411","https://openalex.org/W1585854823","https://openalex.org/W2120587290","https://openalex.org/W2132711183","https://openalex.org/W2138169724","https://openalex.org/W2171234954","https://openalex.org/W2221794486","https://openalex.org/W2555535622","https://openalex.org/W2603430362","https://openalex.org/W2756203131","https://openalex.org/W2898017895","https://openalex.org/W2903871660","https://openalex.org/W2907228515","https://openalex.org/W2912213068","https://openalex.org/W2912407321","https://openalex.org/W2950635152","https://openalex.org/W2972461593","https://openalex.org/W2975262648","https://openalex.org/W2988486362","https://openalex.org/W2997848713","https://openalex.org/W3000084637","https://openalex.org/W3010852232","https://openalex.org/W3033940652","https://openalex.org/W3038969758","https://openalex.org/W3126441351","https://openalex.org/W3132522414","https://openalex.org/W3159243351","https://openalex.org/W3170336472","https://openalex.org/W4226524907","https://openalex.org/W4252475223","https://openalex.org/W4285260582","https://openalex.org/W4378697336","https://openalex.org/W4382449675","https://openalex.org/W4401023877","https://openalex.org/W4401163474","https://openalex.org/W4401863551","https://openalex.org/W6601120366","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6728757088","https://openalex.org/W6739917289","https://openalex.org/W6740952796","https://openalex.org/W6746015598"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2521728836","https://openalex.org/W590383186","https://openalex.org/W2008793610","https://openalex.org/W1595912296","https://openalex.org/W3081865863","https://openalex.org/W567987265","https://openalex.org/W4399654348","https://openalex.org/W1596963112","https://openalex.org/W2363526272","https://openalex.org/W210698821"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple":[0],"federated":[1,69],"learning":[2,34,53,71],"(FL)":[3],"methods":[4,31],"are":[5],"proposed":[6],"for":[7,73,102],"traffic":[8],"flow":[9],"forecasting":[10],"(TFF)":[11],"to":[12,64,76,122,162,187],"avoid":[13],"heavy-transmission":[14],"and":[15,48,83,87,111,129,146,174,198],"privacy-leaking":[16],"concerns":[17],"resulting":[18],"from":[19],"the":[20,67,79,124,189],"disclosure":[21],"of":[22,46,126,191,195],"raw":[23],"data":[24,50],"in":[25,108,193],"centralized":[26],"methods.":[27],"However,":[28],"these":[29],"FL":[30],"adopt":[32],"offline":[33],"which":[35,104,142],"may":[36],"yield":[37],"subpar":[38],"performance,":[39],"when":[40],"concept":[41,56,80,127],"drift":[42,57,81,128],"occurs,":[43],"i.e.,":[44],"distributions":[45],"historical":[47],"future":[49],"vary.":[51],"Online":[52,99],"can":[54],"detect":[55,123],"during":[58],"model":[59,150,156],"training,":[60],"thus":[61],"more":[62],"applicable":[63],"TFF.":[65],"Nevertheless,":[66],"existing":[68],"online":[70,139],"method":[72,95],"TFF":[74],"fails":[75],"efficiently":[77],"solve":[78],"problem":[82],"causes":[84],"tremendous":[85],"computing":[86,175],"communication":[88,173],"overhead.":[89],"Therefore,":[90],"we":[91,115,135,180],"propose":[92,136],"a":[93,109,117,153],"novel":[94],"named":[96],"Resource-Efficient":[97],"Federated":[98],"Learning":[100],"(REFOL)":[101],"TFF,":[103],"guarantees":[105,143],"prediction":[106,144,196],"performance":[107,145],"communication-lightweight":[110],"computation-efficient":[112],"way.":[113],"Specifically,":[114],"design":[116],"data-driven":[118],"client":[119],"participation":[120,132],"mechanism":[121,158],"occurrence":[125],"determine":[130],"clients\u2019":[131],"necessity.":[133],"Subsequently,":[134],"an":[137],"adaptive":[138],"optimization":[140],"strategy,":[141],"meanwhile":[147],"avoids":[148],"meaningless":[149],"updates.":[151],"Then,":[152],"graph":[154],"convolution-based":[155],"aggregation":[157],"is":[159],"designed,":[160],"aiming":[161],"assess":[163],"participants\u2019":[164],"contribution":[165],"based":[166],"on":[167,177,184],"spatial":[168],"correlation":[169],"without":[170],"importing":[171],"extra":[172],"consumption":[176],"clients.":[178],"Finally,":[179],"conduct":[181],"extensive":[182],"experiments":[183],"real-world":[185],"datasets":[186],"demonstrate":[188],"superiority":[190],"REFOL":[192],"terms":[194],"improvement":[197],"resource":[199],"economization.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
