{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402569281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3456108","title":"Enhancing Traffic Object Detection in Variable Illumination With RGB-Event Fusion","display_name":"Enhancing Traffic Object Detection in Variable Illumination With RGB-Event Fusion","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402569281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3456108"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2024.3456108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3456108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034196914","display_name":"Zhanwen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8823-0833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhanwen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058661899","display_name":"Nan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-6861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119268791","display_name":"Yang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5770-0126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100697195","display_name":"Yuke Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9204-9239"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuke Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Waytous Company Ltd., Beijing, China","Waytous Company Ltd, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waytous Company Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waytous Company Ltd, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059374249","display_name":"Xiangmo Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangmo Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Shaanxi, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang&#x2019;an University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113600509","display_name":"Fei\u2010Yue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-3989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei-Yue Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034196914"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6354,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96951937,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"12","first_page":"20335","last_page":"20350"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.659558892250061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6304076910018921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6096328496932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.5580659508705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.5414460301399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5338674187660217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.5218321681022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.4636614918708801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.42597782611846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4202854335308075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.4109072685241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.2793937921524048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2031785249710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14651048183441162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.12381911277770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0959044098854065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.659558892250061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6304076910018921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6096328496932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.5580659508705139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.5414460301399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5338674187660217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5218321681022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.4636614918708801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.42597782611846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4202854335308075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.4109072685241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2793937921524048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2031785249710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14651048183441162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.12381911277770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0959044098854065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2024.3456108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3456108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3641960923","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFC3081700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5785386211","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52172302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2016574277","https://openalex.org/W2115900659","https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2469278928","https://openalex.org/W2515375631","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2769320958","https://openalex.org/W2788172931","https://openalex.org/W2796368857","https://openalex.org/W2796402180","https://openalex.org/W2904275768","https://openalex.org/W2913843253","https://openalex.org/W2921116036","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963510238","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W2964981172","https://openalex.org/W2967293965","https://openalex.org/W2982688540","https://openalex.org/W2983367574","https://openalex.org/W2992384714","https://openalex.org/W3000449200","https://openalex.org/W3000845761","https://openalex.org/W3017759951","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3040838455","https://openalex.org/W3099912370","https://openalex.org/W3121101473","https://openalex.org/W3139658937","https://openalex.org/W3164282918","https://openalex.org/W3172672177","https://openalex.org/W3194037986","https://openalex.org/W3194536588","https://openalex.org/W3202138477","https://openalex.org/W3202344666","https://openalex.org/W3215694718","https://openalex.org/W4205982568","https://openalex.org/W4206212670","https://openalex.org/W4221159374","https://openalex.org/W4225688144","https://openalex.org/W4281749192","https://openalex.org/W4285043186","https://openalex.org/W4306147885","https://openalex.org/W4312263420","https://openalex.org/W4312340502","https://openalex.org/W4312769831","https://openalex.org/W4313029475","https://openalex.org/W4327661965","https://openalex.org/W4360584268","https://openalex.org/W4362562911","https://openalex.org/W4367164138","https://openalex.org/W4376166839","https://openalex.org/W4381332009","https://openalex.org/W4382467391","https://openalex.org/W4384818032","https://openalex.org/W4385257689","https://openalex.org/W4385452926","https://openalex.org/W4386075690","https://openalex.org/W4386076325","https://openalex.org/W4386400738","https://openalex.org/W4386764152","https://openalex.org/W4387587572","https://openalex.org/W4388623895","https://openalex.org/W4388983823","https://openalex.org/W4390044123","https://openalex.org/W4390572330","https://openalex.org/W4390873605","https://openalex.org/W4390873758","https://openalex.org/W4393929300","https://openalex.org/W4401414580","https://openalex.org/W4401415889","https://openalex.org/W4401878757","https://openalex.org/W4402704588","https://openalex.org/W4402727006","https://openalex.org/W4402753639","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6755494875","https://openalex.org/W6760424586","https://openalex.org/W6783508657","https://openalex.org/W6798838024","https://openalex.org/W6840495885","https://openalex.org/W6842653512"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2486460843","https://openalex.org/W2168109476","https://openalex.org/W1968121071","https://openalex.org/W2020254986","https://openalex.org/W2686985752","https://openalex.org/W2132659060","https://openalex.org/W2031992971","https://openalex.org/W3214791684","https://openalex.org/W2353265673","https://openalex.org/W2152662039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traffic":[0],"object":[1,45,71,114,170],"detection":[2,171],"under":[3],"variable":[4],"illumination":[5],"is":[6],"challenging":[7],"due":[8],"to":[9,51,65,74,102,135],"the":[10,15,48,54,63,76,96,109,128,138,142,146,151,159,167,204,212],"information":[11,56,139],"loss":[12,140],"caused":[13],"by":[14,144,217],"limited":[16],"dynamic":[17],"range":[18],"of":[19,86,113,131,150,161,180,207],"conventional":[20,208],"frame-based":[21,213],"cameras.":[22],"To":[23],"address":[24],"this":[25],"issue,":[26],"we":[27,94,117,173],"introduce":[28],"bio-inspired":[29],"event":[30,49,91],"cameras":[31,209],"and":[32,43,111,163,186,210,221,227],"propose":[33,95],"a":[34,119,175],"novel":[35,120],"Structure-aware":[36],"Fusion":[37],"Network":[38,100],"(SFNet)":[39],"that":[40,198],"extracts":[41],"sharp":[42],"complete":[44],"structures":[46],"from":[47,82],"stream":[50],"compensate":[52,136],"for":[53,69,137,191],"lost":[55],"in":[57,89,141,166,219,223],"images":[58,143,185],"through":[59],"cross-modality":[60],"fusion,":[61],"enabling":[62],"network":[64],"obtain":[66],"illumination-robust":[67,155],"representations":[68],"traffic":[70,87],"detection.":[72],"Specifically,":[73],"mitigate":[75],"sparsity":[77],"or":[78],"blurriness":[79],"issues":[80],"arising":[81],"diverse":[83],"motion":[84],"states":[85],"objects":[88],"fixed-interval":[90],"sampling":[92],"methods,":[93,214],"Reliable":[97],"Structure":[98],"Generation":[99],"(RSGNet)":[101],"generate":[103],"Speed":[104],"Invariant":[105],"Frames":[106],"(SIF),":[107],"ensuring":[108],"integrity":[110],"sharpness":[112],"structures.":[115],"Next,":[116],"design":[118],"Adaptive":[121],"Feature":[122],"Complement":[123],"Module":[124],"(AFCM)":[125],"which":[126,178],"guides":[127],"adaptive":[129],"fusion":[130],"two":[132],"modality":[133],"features":[134],"perceiving":[145],"global":[147],"lightness":[148],"distribution":[149],"images,":[152],"thereby":[153],"generating":[154],"representations.":[156],"Finally,":[157],"considering":[158],"lack":[160],"large-scale":[162],"high-quality":[164],"annotations":[165],"existing":[168],"event-based":[169],"datasets,":[172],"build":[174],"DSEC-Det":[176],"dataset,":[177],"consists":[179],"53":[181],"sequences":[182],"with":[183],"63,931":[184],"more":[187],"than":[188],"208,000":[189],"labels":[190],"8":[192],"classes.":[193],"Extensive":[194],"experimental":[195],"results":[196],"demonstrate":[197],"our":[199],"proposed":[200],"SFNet":[201],"can":[202],"overcome":[203],"perceptual":[205],"boundaries":[206],"outperform":[211],"e.g.,":[215],"YOLOX":[216],"7.9%":[218],"mAP50":[220],"3.8%":[222],"mAP50:95.":[224],"Our":[225],"code":[226],"dataset":[228],"will":[229],"be":[230],"available":[231],"at":[232],"<uri":[233],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[234],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">https://github.com/YN-Yang/SFNet</uri>.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}