{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401943176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3445652","title":"Estimator: An Effective and Scalable Framework for Transportation Mode Classification Over Trajectories","display_name":"Estimator: An Effective and Scalable Framework for Transportation Mode Classification Over Trajectories","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401943176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3445652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2024.3445652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3445652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.05502","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001529934","display_name":"Danlei Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1695-3289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danlei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1695-3289","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042394655","display_name":"Ziquan Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2034-5501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziquan Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2034-5501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001927645","display_name":"Hanxi Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5877-6202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanxi Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5877-6202","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085887838","display_name":"Tianyi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5424-6442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5424-6442","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015401065","display_name":"Chunhui Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9704-4272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunhui Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432093","display_name":"Lu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5685-7017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5685-7017","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006238145","display_name":"Yunjun Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-8450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunjun Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-8450","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6805,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84894958,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"11","first_page":"15562","last_page":"15573"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6990004777908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5937827229499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5778352618217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.5215437412261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.419842392206192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.3787148594856262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3578512668609619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2685815691947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2196637988090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16437849402427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.07154679298400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.07069921493530273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6990004777908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5937827229499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5778352618217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.5215437412261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.419842392206192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.3787148594856262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3578512668609619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2685815691947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2196637988090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16437849402427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.07154679298400879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.07069921493530273}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2024.3445652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3445652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/83da6913-5d39-41c2-b800-72c547b230a4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/83da6913-5d39-41c2-b800-72c547b230a4","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.05502","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Hu, D, Fang, Z, Fang, H, Li, T, Shen, C, Chen, L & Gao, Y 2024, 'Estimator : An Effective and Scalable Framework for Transportation Mode Classification Over Trajectories', IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 15562-15573. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2024.3445652","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/83da6913-5d39-41c2-b800-72c547b230a4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/83da6913-5d39-41c2-b800-72c547b230a4","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.05502","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Hu, D, Fang, Z, Fang, H, Li, T, Shen, C, Chen, L & Gao, Y 2024, 'Estimator : An Effective and Scalable Framework for Transportation Mode Classification Over Trajectories', IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 15562-15573. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2024.3445652","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3188578225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U23A20296","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5410940137","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62025206","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6456106688","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62102351","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401943176.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401943176.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536447791","https://openalex.org/W1922655562","https://openalex.org/W1976993400","https://openalex.org/W1986324410","https://openalex.org/W1987228002","https://openalex.org/W2006342384","https://openalex.org/W2022749020","https://openalex.org/W2024877464","https://openalex.org/W2110485445","https://openalex.org/W2126194848","https://openalex.org/W2136317921","https://openalex.org/W2143394441","https://openalex.org/W2164943005","https://openalex.org/W2167686542","https://openalex.org/W2170387980","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2411089289","https://openalex.org/W2550143307","https://openalex.org/W2566482757","https://openalex.org/W2783817963","https://openalex.org/W2788114581","https://openalex.org/W2792764867","https://openalex.org/W2899638952","https://openalex.org/W2899848438","https://openalex.org/W2911968972","https://openalex.org/W2944173923","https://openalex.org/W2951626691","https://openalex.org/W2963910295","https://openalex.org/W2964811671","https://openalex.org/W2969079355","https://openalex.org/W2970853883","https://openalex.org/W2972691912","https://openalex.org/W2997510314","https://openalex.org/W2998420437","https://openalex.org/W3003858448","https://openalex.org/W3037876595","https://openalex.org/W3085412470","https://openalex.org/W3094134956","https://openalex.org/W3125675327","https://openalex.org/W3139425555","https://openalex.org/W3149954208","https://openalex.org/W3213111493","https://openalex.org/W6632102171","https://openalex.org/W6640090968","https://openalex.org/W6640963894","https://openalex.org/W6749825310","https://openalex.org/W6752807305"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287880334","https://openalex.org/W4366700029","https://openalex.org/W4285230481","https://openalex.org/W2389214306","https://openalex.org/W4385769873","https://openalex.org/W4396824790","https://openalex.org/W4281634296","https://openalex.org/W4319161863","https://openalex.org/W2371687270","https://openalex.org/W4311888330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transportation":[0],"mode":[1,39,99],"classification,":[2],"the":[3,7,43,53,58,65,87,119,135,149],"process":[4],"of":[5,10,22,37,46,64,117,125],"predicting":[6],"class":[8],"labels":[9],"moving":[11],"objects\u2019":[12],"transportation":[13,38,98,156],"modes,":[14],"has":[15],"been":[16],"widely":[17],"applied":[18],"to":[19,51,70,74,127,144],"a":[20,110],"variety":[21],"real-world":[23],"applications,":[24],"such":[25],"as":[26],"traffic":[27,137,145],"management,":[28],"urban":[29],"computing,":[30],"and":[31,94,121,131,152,177,189,198,204],"behavior":[32],"study.":[33],"However,":[34],"existing":[35,66],"studies":[36,67],"classification":[40,59,100,209],"typically":[41],"extract":[42],"explicit":[44],"features":[45,55,124],"trajectory":[47],"data":[48],"but":[49],"fail":[50],"capture":[52],"implicit":[54],"that":[56,167,206],"affect":[57],"performance.":[60],"In":[61],"addition,":[62],"most":[63],"also":[68],"prefer":[69],"apply":[71],"RNN-based":[72],"models":[73],"embed":[75],"trajectories,":[76,103],"which":[77,114,147,180],"is":[78,107,115],"only":[79],"suitable":[80],"for":[81,97],"classifying":[82],"small-scale":[83],"data.":[84],"To":[85],"tackle":[86],"above":[88],"challenges,":[89],"we":[90],"propose":[91],"an":[92],"effective":[93],"scalable":[95],"framework":[96],"over":[101,194],"GPS":[102],"abbreviated":[104],"Estimator.":[105],"Estimator":[106,133,168],"established":[108],"on":[109],"developed":[111],"CNN-TCN":[112],"architecture,":[113],"capable":[116],"leveraging":[118],"spatial":[120,141],"temporal":[122],"hidden":[123],"trajectories":[126],"achieve":[128],"high":[129,201],"effectiveness":[130,173],"efficiency.":[132],"partitions":[134],"entire":[136],"space":[138],"into":[139],"disjointed":[140],"regions":[142],"according":[143],"conditions,":[146],"enhances":[148],"scalability":[150,203],"significantly":[151],"thus":[153],"enables":[154,207],"parallel":[155],"classification.":[157],"Extensive":[158],"experiments":[159],"using":[160],"eight":[161],"public":[162],"real-life":[163],"datasets":[164],"offer":[165],"evidence":[166],"i)":[169],"achieves":[170],"superior":[171],"model":[172,187,202],"(i.e.,":[174],"99%":[175],"Accuracy":[176],"0.98":[178],"F1-score),":[179],"outperforms":[181],"state-of-the-arts":[182,195],"substantially;":[183],"ii)":[184],"exhibits":[185],"prominent":[186],"efficiency,":[188],"obtains":[190],"7\u201340x":[191],"speedups":[192],"up":[193],"learning-based":[196],"methods;":[197],"iii)":[199],"shows":[200],"robustness":[205],"large-scale":[208],"analytics.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}