{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401326432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3433002","title":"Quantitative Pixel-Level Segmentation and 3D Reconstruction of Concealed Cracks in Asphalt Pavements","display_name":"Quantitative Pixel-Level Segmentation and 3D Reconstruction of Concealed Cracks in Asphalt Pavements","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401326432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3433002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2024.3433002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3433002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049001622","display_name":"Haoyuan Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5883-1456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyuan Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5883-1456","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029444996","display_name":"Bei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5914-7300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018402300","display_name":"Yanhui Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-8758"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanhui Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-8758","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006799352","display_name":"Shengjie Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4321-9278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengjie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5293,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88506407,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"11","first_page":"18136","last_page":"18152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10264","display_name":"Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asphalt","display_name":"Asphalt","score":0.7240341305732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6535372734069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.574935793876648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5311979651451111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5041924715042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forensic-engineering","display_name":"Forensic engineering","score":0.46907302737236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.41261520981788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38757264614105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.34777092933654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33096158504486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.20062360167503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17413318157196045}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168056786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202251","display_name":"Asphalt","level":2,"score":0.7240341305732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6535372734069824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.574935793876648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5311979651451111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5041924715042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77595967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151013","display_name":"Forensic engineering","level":1,"score":0.46907302737236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.41261520981788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38757264614105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.34777092933654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33096158504486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.20062360167503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17413318157196045}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2024.3433002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2024.3433002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4666924343","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51878624","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7579741383","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22A580004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329878","funder_display_name":"Central University Basic Research Fund of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329878","display_name":"Central University Basic Research Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145066576","https://openalex.org/W1974005137","https://openalex.org/W1980810985","https://openalex.org/W1982479097","https://openalex.org/W1999514993","https://openalex.org/W1999738916","https://openalex.org/W2003017040","https://openalex.org/W2015651615","https://openalex.org/W2064985253","https://openalex.org/W2070596432","https://openalex.org/W2078466068","https://openalex.org/W2115011614","https://openalex.org/W2142063750","https://openalex.org/W2164947598","https://openalex.org/W2480140921","https://openalex.org/W2493470163","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2598457882","https://openalex.org/W2609145024","https://openalex.org/W2794163378","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W2985221802","https://openalex.org/W3007914968","https://openalex.org/W3021410775","https://openalex.org/W3034335171","https://openalex.org/W3035571503","https://openalex.org/W3039333751","https://openalex.org/W3117123720","https://openalex.org/W3130618976","https://openalex.org/W3156653261","https://openalex.org/W3192673362","https://openalex.org/W3197097736","https://openalex.org/W4200069213","https://openalex.org/W4211082370","https://openalex.org/W4213290534","https://openalex.org/W4225120396","https://openalex.org/W4225262884","https://openalex.org/W4280601243","https://openalex.org/W4285238123","https://openalex.org/W4290720474","https://openalex.org/W4290998965","https://openalex.org/W4291653233","https://openalex.org/W4292550183","https://openalex.org/W4303684387","https://openalex.org/W4311569659","https://openalex.org/W4311570825","https://openalex.org/W4313463382","https://openalex.org/W4385145122","https://openalex.org/W4386879328","https://openalex.org/W6893711219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356117781","https://openalex.org/W4239581283","https://openalex.org/W587358849","https://openalex.org/W1499124204","https://openalex.org/W2377206986","https://openalex.org/W571096053","https://openalex.org/W2353133839","https://openalex.org/W3217299740","https://openalex.org/W2392877477","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detecting":[0],"concealed":[1,29,67,124,198],"cracks":[2,7,30,68,85,199],"before":[3],"they":[4],"become":[5],"reflective":[6],"is":[8,31],"crucial":[9],"for":[10,52,210],"the":[11,47,60,81,94,101,118,133,136,140,143,148,154,164,180,191],"proper":[12],"design":[13],"and":[14,23,79,100,121,126,147,177,194],"maintenance":[15],"of":[16,28,66,83,123,129,179,197],"roads.":[17],"However,":[18],"research":[19,189],"on":[20,46,190],"quantitative":[21],"recognition":[22],"intuitive":[24,195],"three-dimensional":[25],"(3D)":[26],"characterization":[27,196],"still":[32],"at":[33],"an":[34],"exploratory":[35],"stage,":[36],"so":[37],"this":[38],"paper":[39],"proposes":[40],"a":[41,130,207],"pixel-level":[42,64],"segmentation":[43],"network":[44],"based":[45],"You":[48],"Only":[49],"Look":[50],"Once":[51],"Panoptic":[53],"(YOLOP)":[54],"enhancement,":[55],"which":[56],"can":[57,204],"quantitatively":[58],"segment":[59],"distresses":[61],"while":[62],"performing":[63],"detection":[65,119,193],"in":[69,86,105,127,160,200],"asphalt":[70,201],"pavements.":[71,202],"Firstly,":[72],"gprMax":[73],"was":[74,108,114,158],"used":[75],"to":[76,116],"numerically":[77],"simulate":[78],"summarize":[80],"characteristics":[82,99],"internal":[84],"ground-penetrating":[87],"radar":[88],"(GPR)":[89],"images.":[90],"The":[91,111,170],"relationship":[92],"between":[93],"actual":[95],"area":[96,104],"with":[97],"crack":[98,156,181],"occupied":[102],"pixel":[103],"GPR":[106],"images":[107],"then":[109],"established.":[110],"improved":[112],"YOLOP":[113],"utilized":[115],"enhance":[117],"speed":[120],"accuracy":[122],"cracks,":[125],"terms":[128],"single":[131],"index,":[132],"R-index":[134],"increased":[135,142,150],"most":[137],"by":[138,145,151],"40%,":[139],"P-index":[141],"least":[144],"26%":[146],"F1-score":[149],"37%.":[152],"Additionally,":[153],"segmented":[155],"region":[157,182],"reconstructed":[159],"three":[161],"dimensions":[162],"using":[163],"computed":[165],"tomography":[166],"(CT)":[167],"imaging":[168],"principle.":[169],"vertical":[171],"height,":[172],"longitudinal":[173],"length,":[174],"cross-sectional":[175],"area,":[176],"volume":[178],"were":[183],"estimated.":[184],"This":[185],"thesis":[186],"presents":[187],"important":[188],"accurate":[192],"It":[203],"serve":[205],"as":[206],"theoretical":[208],"guide":[209],"practical":[211],"engineering":[212],"applications.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}