{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388469898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3328379","title":"TriRNet: Real-Time Rail Recognition Network for UAV-Based Railway Inspection","display_name":"TriRNet: Real-Time Rail Recognition Network for UAV-Based Railway Inspection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388469898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3328379"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3328379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3328379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024367126","display_name":"Lei Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8564-7502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8564-7502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100424175","display_name":"Zhipeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-7582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhipeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-7582","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100680032","display_name":"Limin Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2161-4637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Limin Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2161-4637","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088716214","display_name":"Yong Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-8316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-8316","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114097878","display_name":"Donghai Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135994","display_name":"China Railway Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03za3eq42","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghai Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Railway Electrification Bureau Group Company Ltd., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Railway Electrification Bureau Group Company Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101287609","display_name":"Bidong Miao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135994","display_name":"China Railway Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03za3eq42","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bidong Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Railway Electrification Bureau Group Company Ltd., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Railway Electrification Bureau Group Company Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102172591","display_name":"Tian Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7483-5376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094459","display_name":"Craft Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00gxm5663","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094459"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["United Aircraft Group, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Aircraft Group, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094459"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068836463","display_name":"Yixuan Geng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8942-2562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixuan Geng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8942-2562","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, and the School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7254,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86607294,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"5","first_page":"3927","last_page":"3943"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rail-network","display_name":"Rail network","score":0.5911081433296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5445050597190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.43632155656814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39394932985305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3616113066673279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.26944199204444885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994220825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3565868","display_name":"Rail network","level":2,"score":0.5911081433296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5445050597190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.43632155656814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39394932985305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3616113066673279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.26944199204444885}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3328379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3328379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4769290947","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61833002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G809188546","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YJS111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2609077090","https://openalex.org/W2780740184","https://openalex.org/W2811331998","https://openalex.org/W2884367402","https://openalex.org/W2912130719","https://openalex.org/W2913960518","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963223517","https://openalex.org/W2963856865","https://openalex.org/W2964135392","https://openalex.org/W2964199920","https://openalex.org/W2964332990","https://openalex.org/W2971079005","https://openalex.org/W2981441441","https://openalex.org/W2998590856","https://openalex.org/W2999222035","https://openalex.org/W3013419941","https://openalex.org/W3014815865","https://openalex.org/W3034985293","https://openalex.org/W3082112123","https://openalex.org/W3086556255","https://openalex.org/W3088602441","https://openalex.org/W3108280663","https://openalex.org/W3109790059","https://openalex.org/W3118212025","https://openalex.org/W3119586106","https://openalex.org/W3157173860","https://openalex.org/W3165219354","https://openalex.org/W3173721678","https://openalex.org/W3175091786","https://openalex.org/W3176566042","https://openalex.org/W3177456145","https://openalex.org/W3185284183","https://openalex.org/W3199083432","https://openalex.org/W3203848864","https://openalex.org/W4205221364","https://openalex.org/W4206573688","https://openalex.org/W4206597825","https://openalex.org/W4220687010","https://openalex.org/W4221143432","https://openalex.org/W4310036803","https://openalex.org/W4311425951","https://openalex.org/W4320478490","https://openalex.org/W4321366715","https://openalex.org/W6737170303","https://openalex.org/W6739901393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"UAVs":[0,84],"have":[1,223],"a":[2,42,74,98,133,145,179],"broad":[3],"application":[4],"prospect":[5],"in":[6,175,178,233],"the":[7,53,59,64,70,81,96,117,131,169,176,185,204,210,225,230],"field":[8],"of":[9,37,83,128,157,163,172,229,235],"railway":[10],"inspection":[11,71],"due":[12],"to":[13,40,57,62,124,153,166,195],"their":[14],"excellent":[15],"mobility":[16],"and":[17,30,68,91,100,160,182,208,227,240],"flexibility.":[18],"However,":[19,73],"it":[20,35],"still":[21],"faces":[22],"challenges,":[23],"such":[24],"as":[25],"high":[26],"human":[27],"labor":[28],"costs":[29],"low":[31],"intelligence":[32],"levels.":[33],"Therefore,":[34],"is":[36,77,111,141,151,199],"great":[38],"significance":[39],"develop":[41],"real-time":[43],"intelligent":[44],"rail":[45,66,102],"recognition":[46,187,241],"algorithm":[47],"that":[48,78],"can":[49,114],"be":[50],"deployed":[51],"on":[52,106],"onboard":[54],"computing":[55],"device":[56],"guide":[58],"UAV\u2019s":[60],"camera":[61],"follow":[63],"target":[65],"area":[67],"complete":[69],"automatically.":[72],"significant":[75],"issue":[76],"rails":[79,159,165,174],"from":[80,192],"perspective":[82],"may":[85],"appear":[86],"with":[87],"changing":[88],"pixel":[89],"widths":[90],"various":[92],"inclination":[93],"angles.":[94],"Concerning":[95],"issue,":[97],"general":[99],"adaptive":[101],"representation":[103,119],"method":[104],"based":[105],"projection":[107],"length":[108],"discrimination":[109],"(RRM-PLD)":[110],"proposed.":[112,142],"It":[113,201],"always":[115],"select":[116],"optimal":[118],"direction,":[120],"horizontal":[121],"or":[122],"vertical,":[123],"represent":[125],"any":[126],"kind":[127],"rails.":[129],"With":[130],"RRM-PLD,":[132],"novel":[134],"architecture":[135],"(Real-Time":[136],"Rail":[137],"Recognition":[138],"Network,":[139],"TriRNet)":[140],"In":[143],"TriRNet,":[144],"designed":[146],"inter-rail":[147],"attention":[148],"(IRA)":[149],"mechanism":[150],"presented":[152],"fuse":[154],"local":[155],"features":[156,162],"single":[158],"global":[161],"other":[164],"accurately":[167],"discriminate":[168],"geometric":[170],"distribution":[171],"all":[173],"image":[177],"regressive":[180],"way":[181],"thus":[183],"improve":[184],"final":[186,196],"accuracy.":[188,242],"Further,":[189],"one-to-one":[190],"mapping":[191],"anchor":[193],"points":[194],"feature":[197],"maps":[198],"established.":[200],"greatly":[202],"simplifies":[203],"model":[205,215],"design":[206],"process":[207],"improves":[209],"model\u2019s":[211],"interpretability.":[212],"Besides,":[213],"detailed":[214],"training":[216],"strategies":[217],"are":[218],"also":[219],"presented.":[220],"Extensive":[221],"experiments":[222],"verified":[224],"effectiveness":[226],"superiority":[228],"proposed":[231],"formulation":[232],"terms":[234],"both":[236],"network":[237],"reasoning":[238],"latency":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
