{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387385738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3317375","title":"A Traction Substation State Estimator for Integrating Smart Loads in Transportation Grids Without the Need for Additional Sensors","display_name":"A Traction Substation State Estimator for Integrating Smart Loads in Transportation Grids Without the Need for Additional Sensors","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387385738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3317375"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3317375","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3317375","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_c63e2c0c-660e-41f1-a961-eaaa98975e82","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005881371","display_name":"Ibrahim Diab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2324-2809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Diab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Sustainable Energy Department, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2324-2809","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Sustainable Energy Department, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074876352","display_name":"Gautham Ram Chandra Mouli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1997-4959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gautham Ram Chandra Mouli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Sustainable Energy Department, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1997-4959","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Sustainable Energy Department, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052336847","display_name":"Pavol Bauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-9972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavol Bauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Sustainable Energy Department, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-9972","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Sustainable Energy Department, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2425,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53553031,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"2669","last_page":"2680"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.6681750416755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.5391602516174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5171746611595154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traction","display_name":"Traction (geology)","score":0.5101878643035889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.489521861076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.46855196356773376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43761107325553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.36559537053108215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.24906766414642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.21599829196929932}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.6681750416755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.5391602516174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5171746611595154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38834483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17000223","display_name":"Traction (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5101878643035889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.489521861076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.46855196356773376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43761107325553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.36559537053108215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.24906766414642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.21599829196929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3317375","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3317375","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:63010f2d-8765-4653-b8e9-1425c99065ad","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:63010f2d-8765-4653-b8e9-1425c99065ad","pdf_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_c63e2c0c-660e-41f1-a961-eaaa98975e82","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:63010f2d-8765-4653-b8e9-1425c99065ad","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:63010f2d-8765-4653-b8e9-1425c99065ad","pdf_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_c63e2c0c-660e-41f1-a961-eaaa98975e82","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387385738.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387385738.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987568215","https://openalex.org/W2035843105","https://openalex.org/W2065623287","https://openalex.org/W2082866126","https://openalex.org/W2094129856","https://openalex.org/W2100665834","https://openalex.org/W2517030840","https://openalex.org/W2581596852","https://openalex.org/W2892532561","https://openalex.org/W2900257714","https://openalex.org/W2902976940","https://openalex.org/W2913214260","https://openalex.org/W2928382658","https://openalex.org/W2963320544","https://openalex.org/W3005624914","https://openalex.org/W3009229632","https://openalex.org/W3037176117","https://openalex.org/W3118946768","https://openalex.org/W3119363261","https://openalex.org/W3213397377","https://openalex.org/W4220932472","https://openalex.org/W4220967545","https://openalex.org/W4226211939","https://openalex.org/W4226315341","https://openalex.org/W4284896896","https://openalex.org/W4285166467","https://openalex.org/W4289532615","https://openalex.org/W4289532830","https://openalex.org/W4295046681","https://openalex.org/W4296764293","https://openalex.org/W4311370034","https://openalex.org/W4313036226","https://openalex.org/W4376134058","https://openalex.org/W4385250043","https://openalex.org/W4385453973"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287880334","https://openalex.org/W4366700029","https://openalex.org/W4285230481","https://openalex.org/W4385769873","https://openalex.org/W4281634296","https://openalex.org/W4319161863","https://openalex.org/W2371687270","https://openalex.org/W4311888330","https://openalex.org/W2397913469","https://openalex.org/W2517641583"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Public":[0],"electric":[1],"transport":[2,59],"grids":[3],"tend":[4],"to":[5,18,112,129,141],"be":[6,63],"oversized":[7],"and":[8,15,36,54,66,82,153,160],"underutilized.":[9],"Therefore,":[10],"they":[11],"can":[12,62,77],"become":[13],"sustainable":[14],"multi-functional":[16],"backbones":[17],"the":[19,47,50,58,91,109,114,117,125,144,155],"city":[20],"AC":[21],"grid":[22,26,34,52,138],"by":[23],"integrating":[24,32],"smart":[25,33,51],"elements":[27],"into":[28],"their":[29],"infrastructures.":[30],"However,":[31],"loads":[35],"renewables":[37],"requires":[38],"a":[39,87,135],"large":[40],"array":[41],"of":[42,57,93,116,134,143],"wirelessly":[43],"communicating":[44],"sensors":[45,159],"across":[46],"traction":[48,88,110,137],"substations,":[49],"components,":[53],"each":[55],"vehicle":[56,79],"fleet.":[60],"This":[61,69],"both":[64],"costly":[65],"technically":[67],"complex.":[68],"paper":[70],"proposes":[71],"an":[72],"analytical":[73],"state":[74],"estimator":[75,98],"that":[76,122],"predict":[78],"traffic":[80],"count":[81],"spare":[83],"power":[84,106,118],"capacity":[85],"under":[86],"substation":[89],"without":[90,154],"use":[92],"any":[94,105],"additional":[95,158],"sensors.":[96],"The":[97],"uses":[99],"existing,":[100],"locally":[101],"available":[102],"measurements":[103],"at":[104,121],"node":[107],"on":[108],"section":[111],"inform":[113],"decision-making":[115],"management":[119],"scheme":[120],"node.":[123],"Validating":[124],"results":[126],"with":[127,149],"up":[128,140],"100000":[130],"stochastic":[131],"test":[132],"simulations":[133],"verified":[136],"model,":[139],"76%":[142],"monitored":[145],"conditions":[146],"were":[147],"detected,":[148],"no":[150],"false":[151],"positives,":[152],"need":[156],"for":[157],"wireless":[161],"communication.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}