{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4316660996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3234560","title":"A Superposition Assessment Method of Road Crash Risk and Congestion Risk: An Empirical Analysis","display_name":"A Superposition Assessment Method of Road Crash Risk and Congestion Risk: An Empirical Analysis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4316660996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3234560"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3234560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3234560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087524282","display_name":"Zeyang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8147-2143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zeyang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8147-2143","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100370299","display_name":"Weihua Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7899-2642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weihua Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012824397","display_name":"Jian L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9661-1337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban ITS, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Urban Traffic Technologies, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban ITS, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Urban Traffic Technologies, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100435036","display_name":"Bo Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3101-3907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045632866","display_name":"Shiguang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2094-823X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16365422","display_name":"Hefei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czkny70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiguang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087524282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16365422"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3128,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91502989,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"4","first_page":"4262","last_page":"4276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.598143458366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superposition-principle","display_name":"Superposition principle","score":0.5902444124221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.5017697811126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"Risk management","score":0.5012381076812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45993971824645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22877275943756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.14054933190345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.13747194409370422}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.598143458366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27753989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284885","display_name":"Superposition principle","level":2,"score":0.5902444124221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5017697811126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.5012381076812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45993971824645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22877275943756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.14054933190345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.13747194409370422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2023.3234560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2023.3234560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2834017379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JZ2022HGTA0321","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3887855043","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52072071","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4215570212","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51878236","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8276451640","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52202411","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W220627656","https://openalex.org/W626441390","https://openalex.org/W1977025899","https://openalex.org/W1989491491","https://openalex.org/W2004353783","https://openalex.org/W2020630851","https://openalex.org/W2027392238","https://openalex.org/W2029486861","https://openalex.org/W2039925218","https://openalex.org/W2040297119","https://openalex.org/W2047493229","https://openalex.org/W2048145000","https://openalex.org/W2049952439","https://openalex.org/W2069930948","https://openalex.org/W2131739422","https://openalex.org/W2146432044","https://openalex.org/W2197013543","https://openalex.org/W2303647797","https://openalex.org/W2343970958","https://openalex.org/W2579495707","https://openalex.org/W2588954203","https://openalex.org/W2598457882","https://openalex.org/W2621281692","https://openalex.org/W2756624799","https://openalex.org/W2765174074","https://openalex.org/W2775101925","https://openalex.org/W2782613755","https://openalex.org/W2790792227","https://openalex.org/W2802259691","https://openalex.org/W2804659757","https://openalex.org/W2883340316","https://openalex.org/W2885911069","https://openalex.org/W2889230014","https://openalex.org/W2889783507","https://openalex.org/W2890672150","https://openalex.org/W2894721641","https://openalex.org/W2902008947","https://openalex.org/W2904973063","https://openalex.org/W2910624182","https://openalex.org/W2918600339","https://openalex.org/W2924028299","https://openalex.org/W2946782700","https://openalex.org/W2968513383","https://openalex.org/W2981271343","https://openalex.org/W2990404565","https://openalex.org/W3003862857","https://openalex.org/W3011209807","https://openalex.org/W3020398622","https://openalex.org/W3024843468","https://openalex.org/W3033337169","https://openalex.org/W3034294191","https://openalex.org/W3035470582","https://openalex.org/W3094001554","https://openalex.org/W3094068068","https://openalex.org/W3122881331","https://openalex.org/W3127172108","https://openalex.org/W3152827256","https://openalex.org/W3190972852","https://openalex.org/W3200561697","https://openalex.org/W4200139649","https://openalex.org/W4200538792","https://openalex.org/W4205962638","https://openalex.org/W4210430608","https://openalex.org/W4220991310","https://openalex.org/W6619978402","https://openalex.org/W6922463643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162350346","https://openalex.org/W2417158417","https://openalex.org/W1923764247","https://openalex.org/W4210784828","https://openalex.org/W4252059530","https://openalex.org/W3138050359","https://openalex.org/W3041075136","https://openalex.org/W2502853840","https://openalex.org/W2114208415","https://openalex.org/W2085558045"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,72],"road":[1],"transport":[2,48],"systems,":[3],"various":[4,174],"traffic":[5,19,34,68,82,101,117,125,162,175,231,245],"risks":[6,69,83,198],"in":[7,164,240],"certain":[8,165],"condition":[9],"could":[10,236],"produce":[11],"joint":[12],"actions,":[13],"which":[14,114,167,210],"increases":[15],"the":[16,29,37,43,63,75,95,107,115,140,148,170,180,189,192,196,211,234,241],"complexity":[17],"of":[18,32,47,66,98,151,191,214,229,244],"risk":[20,24,45,56,76,118,126,142,150,153,156,163,182,193],"assessment.":[21],"Previous":[22],"single":[23,81,100,124,161],"assessment":[25,57,228],"fails":[26],"to":[27,61,93,138,169],"reflect":[28],"superposition":[30,64,96,116,141,149,181,197],"effect":[31,65],"multi-type":[33,230],"risks,":[35,232],"so":[36],"result":[38],"may":[39],"underestimate":[40],"or":[41],"overrate":[42],"total":[44],"strength":[46],"system.":[49],"To":[50],"address":[51],"this":[52,73],"problem,":[53],"a":[54,88,127,160,223],"novel":[55],"perspective":[58],"that":[59,147],"aims":[60],"evaluate":[62],"several":[67],"is":[70,84,91,119,136,157,217],"studied.":[71],"study,":[74],"quantification":[77],"and":[78,110,154,206,233],"standardization":[79],"for":[80,226],"conducted":[85],"first.":[86],"Then":[87,195],"GARCH-VaR":[89,104],"model":[90,105],"developed":[92],"explore":[94],"impact":[97],"these":[99],"risks.":[102,176,246],"The":[103,219],"integrates":[106],"VaR":[108],"theory":[109],"GARCH":[111],"model,":[112],"from":[113],"obtained":[120],"by":[121],"assigning":[122],"every":[123],"reasonable":[128],"weight.":[129],"Finally,":[130],"an":[131],"improved":[132],"k-means":[133],"clustering":[134],"algorithm":[135],"proposed":[137,220],"classify":[139],"level.":[143],"Empirical":[144],"results":[145,235],"demonstrate":[146],"crash":[152],"congestion":[155],"lower":[158],"than":[159],"condition,":[166],"attributes":[168],"weak":[171],"interactions":[172],"between":[173],"This":[177],"finding":[178],"illustrates":[179],"does":[183],"not":[184],"necessarily":[185],"go":[186],"up":[187],"with":[188],"increase":[190],"category.":[194],"are":[199],"classified":[200],"into":[201],"high-risk":[202,215],"level,":[203,205,208],"moderate-risk":[204],"low-risk":[207],"among":[209],"classification":[212],"accuracy":[213],"level":[216],"92.85%-95.23%.":[218],"method":[221],"provides":[222],"theoretical":[224],"reference":[225],"collaborative":[227],"be":[237],"potentially":[238],"used":[239],"comprehensive":[242],"management":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-08T15:41:06.802602","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
