{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4287891038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2022.3192098","title":"Age of Processing-Based Data Offloading for Autonomous Vehicles in MultiRATs Open RAN","display_name":"Age of Processing-Based Data Offloading for Autonomous Vehicles in MultiRATs Open RAN","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4287891038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2022.3192098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2022.3192098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2022.3192098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046769944","display_name":"Anselme Ndikumana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3328-3695"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anselme Ndikumana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Synchromedia Laboratory, École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3328-3695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Synchromedia Laboratory, École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019659545","display_name":"Kim Khoa Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-7544"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim Khoa Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Synchromedia Laboratory, École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-7544","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Synchromedia Laboratory, École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015410834","display_name":"Mohamed Cheriet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5246-7265"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Cheriet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Synchromedia Laboratory, École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5246-7265","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Synchromedia Laboratory, École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2712,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88361162,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"11","first_page":"21450","last_page":"21464"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9573000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ran","display_name":"Ran","score":0.5569884181022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5569138526916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.4877687096595764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26426026225090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2347213625907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.1979590654373169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160704184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031028","display_name":"Ran","level":2,"score":0.5569884181022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5569138526916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.4877687096595764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26426026225090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2347213625907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.1979590654373169}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2022.3192098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2022.3192098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace2.etsmtl.ca:25115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://espace2.etsmtl.ca/id/eprint/25115/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402392","display_name":"Espace \u00c9TS (ETS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1341030882","host_organization_name":"Educational Testing Service","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341030882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article publi\u00e9 dans une revue, r\u00e9vis\u00e9 par les pairs"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1535533548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IT13947","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322675","funder_display_name":"Mitacs"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322675","display_name":"Mitacs","ror":"https://ror.org/00cjrc276"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1612997784","https://openalex.org/W2033121805","https://openalex.org/W2164278908","https://openalex.org/W2320622228","https://openalex.org/W2343259917","https://openalex.org/W2766340475","https://openalex.org/W2802508687","https://openalex.org/W2802772536","https://openalex.org/W2900394813","https://openalex.org/W2942928164","https://openalex.org/W2962766183","https://openalex.org/W2969284583","https://openalex.org/W2987862151","https://openalex.org/W3006360454","https://openalex.org/W3008052774","https://openalex.org/W3009247246","https://openalex.org/W3012481664","https://openalex.org/W3017276296","https://openalex.org/W3033229102","https://openalex.org/W3035382196","https://openalex.org/W3036056878","https://openalex.org/W3040779716","https://openalex.org/W3045259134","https://openalex.org/W3058325326","https://openalex.org/W3098774053","https://openalex.org/W3112472393","https://openalex.org/W3129180259","https://openalex.org/W3129445845","https://openalex.org/W3130425349","https://openalex.org/W3133786504","https://openalex.org/W3134061950","https://openalex.org/W3136479645","https://openalex.org/W3137257456","https://openalex.org/W3143519386","https://openalex.org/W3152617927","https://openalex.org/W3167584492","https://openalex.org/W3192851879","https://openalex.org/W3207009201","https://openalex.org/W4297825594","https://openalex.org/W6696497002","https://openalex.org/W6791741887","https://openalex.org/W6800179606"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1766728438","https://openalex.org/W1668090144","https://openalex.org/W2504993638","https://openalex.org/W2083168956","https://openalex.org/W2980853820","https://openalex.org/W404373762","https://openalex.org/W2186004379"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Today,":[0],"vehicles":[1,93],"use":[2,200],"smart":[3],"sensors":[4],"to":[5,54,119,124,145,157,160,204,209],"collect":[6],"data":[7,13,49,121,233],"from":[8,181],"the":[9,19,28,44,129,143,148,201,206,215,228],"road":[10],"environment.":[11],"This":[12,82],"is":[14,46,51],"often":[15],"processed":[16],"onboard":[17,25],"of":[18,67,87,116,230],"vehicles,":[20],"using":[21,94],"expensive":[22],"hardware.":[23],"Such":[24],"processing":[26,68,231],"increases":[27],"vehicle\u2019s":[29],"cost,":[30],"quickly":[31],"drains":[32],"its":[33,37,164],"battery,":[34],"and":[35,60,102,184,213],"exhausts":[36],"computing":[38],"resources.":[39],"Therefore,":[40],"offloading":[41,50,78,89,132,176,234],"tasks":[42,159,183],"onto":[43],"cloud":[45],"required.":[47],"Still,":[48],"challenging":[52],"due":[53],"low":[55],"latency":[56],"requirements":[57],"for":[58,79,91,174],"safe":[59],"reliable":[61],"vehicle":[62,144],"driving":[63],"decisions.":[64],"Moreover,":[65],"age":[66,86,229],"was":[69],"not":[70],"considered":[71],"in":[72,105,122,131,232],"prior":[73],"research":[74],"dealing":[75],"with":[76,235],"low-latency":[77],"autonomous":[80,92,125],"vehicles.":[81,126],"paper":[83],"proposes":[84],"an":[85,171],"processing-based":[88],"approach":[90,140,225],"unsupervised":[95],"machine":[96],"learning,":[97],"Multi-Radio":[98],"Access":[99,108],"Technologies":[100],"(multi-RATs),":[101],"Edge":[103],"Computing":[104],"Open":[106],"Radio":[107],"Network":[109],"(O-RAN).":[110],"We":[111,169],"design":[112],"a":[113,136,195],"collaboration":[114],"space":[115],"edge":[117,161],"clouds":[118,162],"process":[120],"proximity":[123],"To":[127,188],"reduce":[128],"variation":[130],"delay,":[133],"we":[134,193,199],"propose":[135],"new":[137],"communication":[138],"planning":[139],"that":[141,177,223],"enables":[142],"optimally":[146],"preselect":[147],"available":[149],"RATs":[150],"such":[151],"as":[152],"Wi-Fi,":[153],"LTE,":[154],"or":[155],"5G":[156],"offload":[158],"when":[163],"local":[165],"resources":[166],"are":[167],"insufficient.":[168],"formulate":[170],"optimization":[172,211],"problem":[173,208,212],"age-based":[175],"minimizes":[178,227],"elapsed":[179],"time":[180],"generating":[182],"receiving":[185],"computation":[186],"output.":[187],"handle":[189],"this":[190],"non-convex":[191],"problem,":[192],"develop":[194],"surrogate":[196,207],"problem.":[197],"Then,":[198],"Lagrangian":[202],"method":[203],"transform":[205],"unconstrained":[210],"apply":[214],"dual":[216],"decomposition":[217],"method.":[218,240],"The":[219],"simulation":[220],"results":[221],"show":[222],"our":[224],"significantly":[226],"90.34%":[236],"improvement":[237],"over":[238],"similar":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}