{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3215735748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3127217","title":"Human\u2013Machine Interaction in Intelligent and Connected Vehicles: A Review of Status Quo, Issues, and Opportunities","display_name":"Human\u2013Machine Interaction in Intelligent and Connected Vehicles: A Review of Status Quo, Issues, and Opportunities","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3215735748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3127217","mag":"3215735748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3127217","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3127217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026556049","display_name":"Zhengyu Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4112-9831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyu Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design and the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design and the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075295110","display_name":"Ningyi Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2495-4891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ningyi Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044001738","display_name":"Yating Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-2072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yating Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031014322","display_name":"Ruifo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3304-3480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruifo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100447638","display_name":"Yijun Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061391892","display_name":"Di Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8697-1817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design, the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, and the National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design, the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, and the National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067097659","display_name":"Shutao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0585-9848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shutao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026556049"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.6519,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":122,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99250878,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"9","first_page":"13954","last_page":"13975"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9674000144004822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.963699996471405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/status-quo","display_name":"Status quo","score":0.7434329390525818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.6094013452529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.4110639989376068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15034306049346924}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776748549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201610","display_name":"Status quo","level":2,"score":0.7434329390525818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.6094013452529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.4110639989376068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15034306049346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3127217","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3127217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1365786781","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61972145","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5123322047","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"S2020JJMSXM0802","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G576546066","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61932010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8558383005","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20BG103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":186,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101536327","https://openalex.org/W388371152","https://openalex.org/W1639368549","https://openalex.org/W1896855614","https://openalex.org/W1949324514","https://openalex.org/W1964479576","https://openalex.org/W1969445141","https://openalex.org/W1973748529","https://openalex.org/W1978518812","https://openalex.org/W1990746794","https://openalex.org/W1993666393","https://openalex.org/W1994392880","https://openalex.org/W2000631513","https://openalex.org/W2022290029","https://openalex.org/W2032543390","https://openalex.org/W2047234048","https://openalex.org/W2049001066","https://openalex.org/W2062299969","https://openalex.org/W2079637390","https://openalex.org/W2104325978","https://openalex.org/W2133658999","https://openalex.org/W2155782124","https://openalex.org/W2157646602","https://openalex.org/W2161177650","https://openalex.org/W2166591893","https://openalex.org/W2177363093","https://openalex.org/W2264435050","https://openalex.org/W2285970137","https://openalex.org/W2286247980","https://openalex.org/W2287151480","https://openalex.org/W2295577176","https://openalex.org/W2322365537","https://openalex.org/W2464677619","https://openalex.org/W2471695703","https://openalex.org/W2537200477","https://openalex.org/W2553586445","https://openalex.org/W2558581619","https://openalex.org/W2568360315","https://openalex.org/W2571810020","https://openalex.org/W2592057726","https://openalex.org/W2596596865","https://openalex.org/W2604471723","https://openalex.org/W2610505880","https://openalex.org/W2611369375","https://openalex.org/W2611763466","https://openalex.org/W2615858630","https://openalex.org/W2728885221","https://openalex.org/W2742738902","https://openalex.org/W2755876276","https://openalex.org/W2756016514","https://openalex.org/W2757490062","https://openalex.org/W2761607258","https://openalex.org/W2762158083","https://openalex.org/W2763945909","https://openalex.org/W2771248633","https://openalex.org/W2775450822","https://openalex.org/W2778498877","https://openalex.org/W2779142035","https://openalex.org/W2782978053","https://openalex.org/W2787338605","https://openalex.org/W2789315288","https://openalex.org/W2789968549","https://openalex.org/W2791310449","https://openalex.org/W2792090205","https://openalex.org/W2794715323","https://openalex.org/W2795740402","https://openalex.org/W2795775197","https://openalex.org/W2796055943","https://openalex.org/W2800455604","https://openalex.org/W2800687571","https://openalex.org/W2802508687","https://openalex.org/W2808066346","https://openalex.org/W2828156033","https://openalex.org/W2886300831","https://openalex.org/W2887896922","https://openalex.org/W2888952800","https://openalex.org/W2903310598","https://openalex.org/W2903700947","https://openalex.org/W2906170143","https://openalex.org/W2908418595","https://openalex.org/W2908619437","https://openalex.org/W2910548662","https://openalex.org/W2910687140","https://openalex.org/W2913031890","https://openalex.org/W2913224508","https://openalex.org/W2914433175","https://openalex.org/W2914641625","https://openalex.org/W2920919283","https://openalex.org/W2921479386","https://openalex.org/W2935876515","https://openalex.org/W2940886611","https://openalex.org/W2947182531","https://openalex.org/W2956117460","https://openalex.org/W2957428361","https://openalex.org/W2958092349","https://openalex.org/W2959716684","https://openalex.org/W2960597757","https://openalex.org/W2962587770","https://openalex.org/W2963697717","https://openalex.org/W2964010806","https://openalex.org/W2964066324","https://openalex.org/W2964849235","https://openalex.org/W2965249835","https://openalex.org/W2965580818","https://openalex.org/W2968736208","https://openalex.org/W2970606267","https://openalex.org/W2971066016","https://openalex.org/W2972633390","https://openalex.org/W2972701585","https://openalex.org/W2973218919","https://openalex.org/W2974135463","https://openalex.org/W2976099793","https://openalex.org/W2980364600","https://openalex.org/W2981681010","https://openalex.org/W2990432822","https://openalex.org/W2991123881","https://openalex.org/W2991212029","https://openalex.org/W2996683616","https://openalex.org/W2997089994","https://openalex.org/W2998570973","https://openalex.org/W2999420378","https://openalex.org/W2999860459","https://openalex.org/W3000666106","https://openalex.org/W3000675315","https://openalex.org/W3001293072","https://openalex.org/W3002837924","https://openalex.org/W3003167536","https://openalex.org/W3004372366","https://openalex.org/W3004771310","https://openalex.org/W3006525697","https://openalex.org/W3010320871","https://openalex.org/W3012197804","https://openalex.org/W3012545603","https://openalex.org/W3015272104","https://openalex.org/W3015337486","https://openalex.org/W3015880441","https://openalex.org/W3020838676","https://openalex.org/W3023033160","https://openalex.org/W3025058555","https://openalex.org/W3026302545","https://openalex.org/W3029292602","https://openalex.org/W3032674719","https://openalex.org/W3033044366","https://openalex.org/W3034384034","https://openalex.org/W3036049022","https://openalex.org/W3039346337","https://openalex.org/W3039593586","https://openalex.org/W3040077947","https://openalex.org/W3040992657","https://openalex.org/W3041271687","https://openalex.org/W3042183479","https://openalex.org/W3043546503","https://openalex.org/W3045861820","https://openalex.org/W3055096129","https://openalex.org/W3082194050","https://openalex.org/W3082428357","https://openalex.org/W3083578909","https://openalex.org/W3084837586","https://openalex.org/W3087594579","https://openalex.org/W3087768023","https://openalex.org/W3088157023","https://openalex.org/W3088163406","https://openalex.org/W3089916460","https://openalex.org/W3103003256","https://openalex.org/W3104799779","https://openalex.org/W3106156247","https://openalex.org/W3120769709","https://openalex.org/W3121623025","https://openalex.org/W3122442400","https://openalex.org/W3127773254","https://openalex.org/W3129072390","https://openalex.org/W3152672095","https://openalex.org/W3160747790","https://openalex.org/W3163283793","https://openalex.org/W3163341049","https://openalex.org/W3175384439","https://openalex.org/W3186521190","https://openalex.org/W3198399773","https://openalex.org/W3210240180","https://openalex.org/W4238947811","https://openalex.org/W4285053139","https://openalex.org/W6685503199","https://openalex.org/W6687566353","https://openalex.org/W6731812585","https://openalex.org/W6757943777","https://openalex.org/W6767531468"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386106790","https://openalex.org/W2171114985","https://openalex.org/W3121336575","https://openalex.org/W3123696707","https://openalex.org/W3125950882","https://openalex.org/W4386639330","https://openalex.org/W2386104528","https://openalex.org/W2883919278","https://openalex.org/W4386639265","https://openalex.org/W2239510609"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human\u2013Machine":[0],"Interaction":[1],"(HMI)":[2],"in":[3,13,40,66,133,141,170],"Intelligent":[4],"and":[5,27,44,60,75,98,109,159,167],"Connected":[6],"Vehicles":[7],"(ICVs)":[8],"has":[9],"drawn":[10],"great":[11],"attention":[12],"recent":[14],"years":[15],"due":[16],"to":[17,124,162],"its":[18],"potentially":[19],"significant":[20],"positive":[21],"impacts":[22],"on":[23,54,105],"the":[24,52,55,63,81,106,110,113,122,126,130,136,146],"automotive":[25],"revolution":[26],"travel":[28],"experience.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31],"paper,":[32],"we":[33,116],"conduct":[34],"an":[35],"in-depth":[36],"review":[37],"of":[38,62,85,96,101,112,121,129,138],"HMI":[39,64,132,139,169],"ICVs.":[41,102,134,171],"Firstly,":[42],"research":[43],"application":[45],"development":[46],"status":[47],"are":[48,87,143,150],"pointed":[49],"out":[50],"through":[51],"discussion":[53],"cutting-edge":[56],"technology":[57,108,140],"classification,":[58],"achievements,":[59],"challenges":[61,137],"technologies":[65],"ICVs,":[67,97],"including":[68],"recognition":[69],"technology,":[70],"multi-dimensional":[71],"human":[72,82],"vehicle":[73],"interface,":[74],"emerging":[76],"in-vehicle":[77],"intelligent":[78],"units.":[79],"Then,":[80],"factors":[83],"issues":[84],"ICVs":[86,142],"discussed":[88],"from":[89,152],"three":[90,153],"aspects:":[91,154],"ICV":[92],"acceptance,":[93],"interaction":[94,107],"quality":[95],"user":[99],"experience":[100,157],"Besides,":[103],"based":[104],"mapping":[111],"above":[114],"issues,":[115],"conducted":[117],"a":[118],"visual":[119],"analysis":[120],"literature":[123],"realize":[125],"reflective":[127],"thinking":[128],"current":[131],"Finally,":[135],"summarized.":[144],"Moreover,":[145],"promising":[147],"future":[148],"opportunities":[149],"proposed":[151],"utility":[155],"optimization,":[156],"reconfiguration,":[158],"value":[160],"acquisition,":[161],"gaining":[163],"insight":[164],"into":[165],"advanced":[166],"pleasant":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}