{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3211509829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3126465","title":"A New Method of Vehicle Positioning Using Bumps and Road Surface Defects","display_name":"A New Method of Vehicle Positioning Using Bumps and Road Surface Defects","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3211509829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3126465","mag":"3211509829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3126465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3126465","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026722429","display_name":"Patrick McLaughlin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4922-6102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patrick McLaughlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems, University of Bath, Bath, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4922-6102","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems, University of Bath, Bath, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003632107","display_name":"Christopher Vagg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3424-8664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Vagg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems, University of Bath, Bath, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3424-8664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems, University of Bath, Bath, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026722429"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2699,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55426394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"8","first_page":"13655","last_page":"13665"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14304","display_name":"Transport Systems and Technology","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.7735546827316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6721100211143494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-surface","display_name":"Road surface","score":0.6430773735046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.5324980020523071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5247519016265869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.5034484267234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.48572903871536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.45644715428352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.43761906027793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-deviation","display_name":"Standard deviation","score":0.4274657964706421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3682697117328644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2632455825805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10322743654251099}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.7735546827316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6721100211143494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780042925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049667","display_name":"Road surface","level":2,"score":0.6430773735046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.5324980020523071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5247519016265869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5034484267234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.48572903871536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.45644715428352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.43761906027793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.4274657964706421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3682697117328644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2632455825805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10322743654251099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3126465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3126465","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:publications/a73b7440-ff05-4049-9296-f3903d10ff79","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/a73b7440-ff05-4049-9296-f3903d10ff79","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196294","display_name":"Pure (University of Bath)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","host_organization_name":"University of Bath","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507596718","https://openalex.org/W1718045652","https://openalex.org/W1969479488","https://openalex.org/W1977324115","https://openalex.org/W1985509370","https://openalex.org/W2098996612","https://openalex.org/W2132672839","https://openalex.org/W2142760360","https://openalex.org/W2157206292","https://openalex.org/W2163877644","https://openalex.org/W2168463792","https://openalex.org/W2170581891","https://openalex.org/W2568235007","https://openalex.org/W2568539512","https://openalex.org/W2579893881","https://openalex.org/W2712769911","https://openalex.org/W2789238015","https://openalex.org/W2888506415","https://openalex.org/W4206180546","https://openalex.org/W6637519810","https://openalex.org/W6683789410","https://openalex.org/W6713598635","https://openalex.org/W6732712301"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2734000007","https://openalex.org/W1897540001","https://openalex.org/W824658362","https://openalex.org/W2375867547","https://openalex.org/W289168643","https://openalex.org/W2008312228","https://openalex.org/W1610197700","https://openalex.org/W2364781451","https://openalex.org/W2371707012","https://openalex.org/W1995736744"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,93,189],"paper":[1],"presents":[2,95],"the":[3,66,85,100,108,140,143,153,159,166,174,205,209,215,219,227,242],"first":[4,167],"usage":[5],"of":[6,13,54,89,125,158,180,218,226],"road":[7,109],"surface":[8,110,195],"defects":[9],"as":[10,59,130,136],"a":[11,82,96,178,246],"means":[12],"vehicle":[14,40,72,175,220],"position":[15,41,67,102,176],"detection.":[16],"Whilst":[17],"several":[18,32],"applications":[19],"are":[20,134,202],"possible,":[21],"this":[22,75,170],"work":[23,94],"focuses":[24],"on":[25,68],"use":[26,53],"in":[27,107,152],"Formula":[28,206],"E":[29,207],"racing,":[30],"where":[31,52,197],"driver":[33,90],"information":[34,91,237],"systems":[35,57],"depend":[36],"heavily":[37],"upon":[38],"accurate":[39],"estimation,":[42],"including":[43],"energy":[44],"management":[45],"advice":[46],"and":[47,51,87,234],"split":[48],"time":[49,168],"information,":[50],"common":[55,126],"positioning":[56,127,194],"such":[58,129],"GPS":[60],"is":[61,76,119,123,191,211],"forbidden.":[62],"Teams":[63],"currently":[64],"estimate":[65,103,145,222],"track":[69],"by":[70,104],"integrating":[71],"speed,":[73],"but":[74],"susceptible":[77],"to":[78,98,146,213,238,241],"error":[79],"accumulation":[80],"throughout":[81],"lap,":[83],"diminishing":[84],"precision":[86,179,216],"value":[88],"systems.":[92],"method":[97],"improve":[99,214],"vehicle\u2019s":[101],"detecting":[105],"bumps":[106,133],"using":[111],"suspension":[112],"damper":[113],"displacement":[114],"data,":[115],"an":[116],"approach":[117,210],"which":[118,229],"novel":[120],"because":[121],"it":[122],"independent":[124],"techniques":[128,201],"GPS.":[131],"These":[132],"used":[135],"positionally-fixed":[137],"checkpoints":[138],"around":[139],"track,":[141],"allowing":[142],"positional":[144,221],"be":[147,239],"regularly":[148],"corrected,":[149],"mitigating":[150],"drift":[151],"original":[154],"estimated":[155],"position.":[156],"Results":[157],"bump":[160],"detection":[161],"algorithm":[162],"developed":[163],"show":[164],"for":[165,186,193,223],"that":[169],"technique":[171],"can":[172],"pinpoint":[173],"with":[177,184],"1.41m":[181],"standard":[182,200],"deviation,":[183],"scope":[185],"further":[187],"improvement.":[188],"result":[190],"significant":[192],"vehicles":[196],"other":[198],"more":[199,235],"precluded.":[203],"In":[204],"application":[208],"found":[212],"(consistency)":[217],"large":[224],"parts":[225],"circuit,":[228],"will":[230],"allow":[231],"higher":[232],"quality":[233],"reliable":[236],"given":[240],"driver,":[243],"thereby":[244],"giving":[245],"competitive":[247],"advantage.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}