{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3213425882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3125126","title":"Toward Safer Vehicular Transit: Implementing Deep Learning on Single Channel EEG Systems for Microsleep Detection","display_name":"Toward Safer Vehicular Transit: Implementing Deep Learning on Single Channel EEG Systems for Microsleep Detection","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3213425882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3125126","mag":"3213425882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3125126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3125126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021965708","display_name":"Aswin Balaji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aswin Balaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSIS, BITS-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSIS, BITS-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084231154","display_name":"Utkarsh Tripathi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9852-3031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Utkarsh Tripathi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of EEE and APPCAIR, BITS-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of EEE and APPCAIR, BITS-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005020243","display_name":"Vinay Chamola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6730-3060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinay Chamola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of EEE and APPCAIR, BITS-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of EEE and APPCAIR, BITS-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060341203","display_name":"Abderrahim Benslimane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-6132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198415970","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse","ror":"https://ror.org/00mfpxb84","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198415970"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abderrahim Benslimane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, University of Avignon, Avignon, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, University of Avignon, Avignon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198415970"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057916222","display_name":"Mohsen Guizani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-8094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Guizani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of CSE, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021965708"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1842,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76939635,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"1","first_page":"1052","last_page":"1061"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10985","display_name":"Sleep and Wakefulness Research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5508478283882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5189447402954102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.4863608479499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4838375151157379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safer","display_name":"SAFER","score":0.46402743458747864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.4488367438316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.44725823402404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4047636091709137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.328421950340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.26629096269607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17365670204162598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.16035640239715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13191068172454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.1045367419719696}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5508478283882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5189447402954102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.4863608479499817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4838375151157379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.46402743458747864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.4488367438316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.44725823402404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4047636091709137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.328421950340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.26629096269607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17365670204162598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.16035640239715576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13191068172454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.1045367419719696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3125126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3125126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03634288v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03634288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2021, pp.1-10. &#x27E8;10.1109/TITS.2021.3125126&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/36244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85119427236&origin=inward","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10150358","https://openalex.org/W2005661429","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2278108273","https://openalex.org/W2441535889","https://openalex.org/W2565764386","https://openalex.org/W2595838827","https://openalex.org/W2769044343","https://openalex.org/W2782720504","https://openalex.org/W2794747368","https://openalex.org/W2884832563","https://openalex.org/W2892252802","https://openalex.org/W2915893085","https://openalex.org/W2939334764","https://openalex.org/W3024582231","https://openalex.org/W3034158840","https://openalex.org/W3037047196","https://openalex.org/W3044625080","https://openalex.org/W3083053977","https://openalex.org/W3088720033","https://openalex.org/W3112823036","https://openalex.org/W3118176368","https://openalex.org/W3121040650","https://openalex.org/W3156287668","https://openalex.org/W6734665518","https://openalex.org/W6782421372","https://openalex.org/W6787593908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953205341","https://openalex.org/W2092643327","https://openalex.org/W235065745","https://openalex.org/W2029935773","https://openalex.org/W2787754950","https://openalex.org/W1572215850","https://openalex.org/W1985775355","https://openalex.org/W2012157391","https://openalex.org/W2562087406","https://openalex.org/W4385473849"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Technological":[0],"interventions":[1],"are":[2,200],"becoming":[3],"commonplace":[4],"in":[5,34,68,97,171,195,219,253],"everyday":[6],"vehicles.":[7],"But":[8],"utilization":[9],"of":[10,40,52,99],"biosignals":[11],"that":[12,27,54,123,149],"can":[13,106,247],"enhance":[14],"the":[15,32,66,76,147,150,156],"overall":[16],"driving":[17,89],"experience":[18],"is":[19,23,48,121,131],"still":[20],"limited.":[21],"Microsleep":[22,47],"one":[24],"such":[25,87],"issue":[26],"needs":[28],"intervention,":[29],"owing":[30],"to":[31,58,110,114],"difficulty":[33],"its":[35],"detection":[36,252],"and":[37,79,102,169,216],"social":[38],"acceptance":[39],"using":[41,94,126,138,164],"wearable":[42],"BCI":[43,143],"devices":[44],"during":[45,116],"transit.":[46,118],"a":[49,91,127,132],"short":[50],"duration":[51],"sleep":[53,78,245],"lasts":[55],"from":[56],"few":[57],"several":[59],"seconds.":[60],"It":[61],"could":[62,80,176],"occur":[63,82],"unconsciously":[64],"without":[65],"person":[67],"context":[69],"realizing":[70],"it.":[71],"This,":[72],"therefore,":[73],"happens":[74],"before":[75],"deep":[77],"also":[81],"when":[83],"performing":[84],"critical":[85],"tasks":[86],"as":[88],"on":[90,243],"highway.":[92],"By":[93],"modern-day":[95],"advancements":[96],"Internet":[98],"Things":[100],"(IoT)":[101],"Machine":[103],"Learning,":[104],"we":[105],"provide":[107],"efficient":[108],"solutions":[109],"prevent":[111],"accidents":[112],"due":[113],"microsleep":[115,125,251],"vehicular":[117],"However,":[119],"it":[120],"noteworthy":[122],"distinguishing":[124],"single":[128],"channel":[129],"system":[130],"challenge.":[133],"We":[134],"have":[135,166],"explored":[136],"this":[137,172,234],"datasets":[139],"provided":[140],"by":[141,202],"International":[142],"Competition":[144],"Committee.":[145],"Given":[146],"fact":[148],"participants\u2019":[151],"values":[152,204],"might":[153],"not":[154],"match":[155],"exact":[157],"scenario,":[158],"approaches":[159],"for":[160,250],"exploiting":[161],"transitory":[162],"phases":[163,175],"ANN/CNN":[165],"been":[167],"developed":[168],"discussed":[170],"paper.":[173],"Transitory":[174],"include":[177],"Wakefulness":[178],"<inline-formula":[179,207,224],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[180,208,225],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[181,209,226],"<tex-math":[182,210,227],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\leftrightarrow":[183],"$":[184,212,229],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[185,213,230],"Non-Rapid":[186],"Eye":[187],"Movement-1":[188],"phase":[189],"(NREM-1).":[190],"Results":[191],"show":[192],"\u224895%":[193],"increase":[194,218],"mean":[196,220],"statistical":[197],"agreements,":[198],"which":[199],"represented":[201],"kappa":[203,221],"(CNN":[205],"NREM":[206,223],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$1~\\rightarrow":[211,228],"CNN":[214],"Transition)":[215],"\u224877%":[217],"(ANN":[222],"ANN":[231],"Transition).":[232],"Hence,":[233],"work":[235],"gives":[236],"an":[237],"initial":[238],"indication":[239],"whether":[240],"classifiers":[241],"trained":[242],"night":[244],"data":[246],"be":[248],"used":[249],"more":[254],"real-world":[255],"scenarios.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}