{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204632360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3115245","title":"A Blockchain-Based Emergency Message Transmission Protocol for Cooperative VANET","display_name":"A Blockchain-Based Emergency Message Transmission Protocol for Cooperative VANET","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204632360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3115245","mag":"3204632360"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3115245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3115245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworkspost2013/11611","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101694896","display_name":"Mohiuddin Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4559-4768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12079687","display_name":"Edith Cowan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jhnwe22","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohiuddin Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4559-4768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089327837","display_name":"Nour Moustafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-9349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40053085","display_name":"Australian Defence Force Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02j5s7g39","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571","https://openalex.org/I40053085","https://openalex.org/I4394709116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4394709116","display_name":"UNSW Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/0125wpx05","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571","https://openalex.org/I4394709116"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nour Moustafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales Canberra at ADFA, Canberra, ACT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-9349","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales Canberra at ADFA, Canberra, ACT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40053085","https://openalex.org/I31746571","https://openalex.org/I4394709116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044249156","display_name":"A. F. M. Suaib Akhter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-1684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103703290","display_name":"Sakarya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttnw109","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103703290"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. F. M. Suaib Akhter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2675-1684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103703290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033585021","display_name":"Imran Razzak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3930-6600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imran Razzak","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of IT, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3930-6600","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of IT, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032000288","display_name":"Ehsanuzzaman Surid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59805279","display_name":"Islamic University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/057gnqw22","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59805279"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsanuzzaman Surid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59805279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Adnan Anwar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0070-182X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adnan Anwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of IT, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0070-182X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of IT, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012800230","display_name":"A. F. M. Shahen Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3133-6557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4101805","display_name":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0547yzj13","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. F. M. Shahen Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3133-6557","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014273833","display_name":"Ahmet Zengi\u0307n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0384-4148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103703290","display_name":"Sakarya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttnw109","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103703290"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Zengin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103703290"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.763,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93924312,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"10","first_page":"19624","last_page":"19633"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8997983932495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7263372540473938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","score":0.6929712295532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6219149827957153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6203213334083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5875298976898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5465109944343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.4839373230934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.47058573365211487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4520752429962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.42094895243644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-authentication-code","display_name":"Message authentication code","score":0.4156966209411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20677074790000916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.19670218229293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1899019479751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12408715486526489}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8997983932495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7263372540473938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.6929712295532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6219149827957153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6203213334083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5875298976898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5465109944343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.4839373230934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.47058573365211487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4520752429962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.42094895243644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141492731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052621","display_name":"Message authentication code","level":3,"score":0.4156966209411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20677074790000916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.19670218229293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1899019479751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12408715486526489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3115245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3115245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.ecu.edu.au:ecuworkspost2013-12617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworkspost2013/11611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765015692","display_name":"Australasian Journal of Paramedicine","issn_l":"2202-7270","issn":["2202-7270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research outputs 2014 to 2021","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dro.deakin.edu.au:DU:30156881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401102","display_name":"Own your potential (DEAKIN)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","host_organization_name":"Deakin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20642931","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_Blockchain-Based_Emergency_Message_Transmission_Protocol_for_Cooperative_VANET/20642931","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.ecu.edu.au:ecuworkspost2013-12617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworkspost2013/11611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765015692","display_name":"Australasian Journal of Paramedicine","issn_l":"2202-7270","issn":["2202-7270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research outputs 2014 to 2021","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1940571465","https://openalex.org/W1970107330","https://openalex.org/W1978577576","https://openalex.org/W1991017500","https://openalex.org/W1997426067","https://openalex.org/W2003151772","https://openalex.org/W2038957863","https://openalex.org/W2071430611","https://openalex.org/W2084911368","https://openalex.org/W2103918520","https://openalex.org/W2128628587","https://openalex.org/W2142271015","https://openalex.org/W2142824179","https://openalex.org/W2150062197","https://openalex.org/W2158607876","https://openalex.org/W2516177097","https://openalex.org/W2586333888","https://openalex.org/W2883738719","https://openalex.org/W2887486920","https://openalex.org/W2889944408","https://openalex.org/W2890569001","https://openalex.org/W2907165388","https://openalex.org/W2910454330","https://openalex.org/W2921352626","https://openalex.org/W2941980679","https://openalex.org/W2954153603","https://openalex.org/W2955783928","https://openalex.org/W2964040198","https://openalex.org/W2967800338","https://openalex.org/W2969808385","https://openalex.org/W2978226987","https://openalex.org/W2980537040","https://openalex.org/W3012275392","https://openalex.org/W3015964353","https://openalex.org/W3031028459","https://openalex.org/W3038509227","https://openalex.org/W3098789502","https://openalex.org/W3116169147","https://openalex.org/W3119604436","https://openalex.org/W3126738606","https://openalex.org/W3143466921","https://openalex.org/W3151510275","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W3166494441","https://openalex.org/W3171509057","https://openalex.org/W6780177685","https://openalex.org/W6793285265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362509363","https://openalex.org/W2955817306","https://openalex.org/W2137493194","https://openalex.org/W2132218667","https://openalex.org/W2787240542","https://openalex.org/W856543164","https://openalex.org/W2186624932","https://openalex.org/W4281790612","https://openalex.org/W2108905962","https://openalex.org/W2025488414"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Industrial":[1],"Internet":[2],"of":[3,15,72,81,109],"Things":[4],"(IIoT)":[5],"is":[6,65,75],"creating":[7],"a":[8,12,47,62],"massive":[9],"impact":[10],"in":[11,67,107],"wide":[13],"range":[14],"applications.":[16],"In":[17],"addition,":[18],"with":[19],"the":[20,52,73,78,82,97,104],"forthcoming":[21],"5G":[22],"and":[23,84,89],"6G":[24],"technologies,":[25],"vehicular":[26,41],"ad-hoc":[27],"networks":[28,42],"will":[29],"have":[30],"pioneer":[31],"advancements.":[32],"However,":[33],"security":[34,53],"concerns":[35],"are":[36,101],"not":[37],"well":[38],"addressed,":[39],"as":[40],"should":[43],"be":[44],"deployed":[45],"at":[46],"large":[48],"scale.":[49],"To":[50],"address":[51],"concerns,":[54],"especially":[55],"to":[56,76,87],"ensure":[57],"secure":[58],"emergency":[59],"message":[60],"transmission,":[61],"blockchain-based":[63,99],"protocol":[64],"proposed":[66,98],"this":[68],"paper,":[69],"where":[70],"one":[71,86],"blockchains":[74],"store":[77,88],"authentication":[79],"information":[80],"vehicle,":[83],"another":[85],"distribute":[90],"blockchain":[91],"services.":[92],"Experimental":[93],"analysis":[94],"revealed":[95],"that":[96],"protocols":[100],"superior":[102],"than":[103],"existing":[105],"ones":[106],"terms":[108],"several":[110],"metrics.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T09:24:06.705377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
