{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134866853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3059455","title":"Large-Scale Many-Objective Deployment Optimization of Edge Servers","display_name":"Large-Scale Many-Objective Deployment Optimization of Edge Servers","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134866853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3059455","mag":"3134866853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3059455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3059455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052160218","display_name":"Bin Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4558-9501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184843921","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bin Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101661942","display_name":"Shanshan Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8142-9359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184843921","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanshan Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087254852","display_name":"Jianwei Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-4056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184843921","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianwei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055801864","display_name":"Shan Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184843921","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106403892","display_name":"Zihao Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184843921","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045419360","display_name":"Yanlong Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184843921","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanlong Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036100285","display_name":"Peng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-8485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184843921","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052160218"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.1674,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":175,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99806376,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"6","first_page":"3841","last_page":"3849"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.7849292159080505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7589499950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7355117797851562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6523140668869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5150951743125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4727127254009247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.47208118438720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.4670264720916748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.46054500341415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.434316486120224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.41803762316703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.41511788964271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18118736147880554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10635492205619812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09146684408187866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.7849292159080505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7589499950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7355117797851562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6523140668869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5150951743125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4727127254009247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.47208118438720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.4670264720916748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.46054500341415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.434316486120224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.41803762316703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.41511788964271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18118736147880554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10635492205619812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09146684408187866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2021.3059455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2021.3059455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7019360782","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61976242","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493761729","https://openalex.org/W1613550394","https://openalex.org/W2022485595","https://openalex.org/W2036329970","https://openalex.org/W2049862811","https://openalex.org/W2100211715","https://openalex.org/W2108289909","https://openalex.org/W2108968575","https://openalex.org/W2113132620","https://openalex.org/W2113363287","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2134152443","https://openalex.org/W2143381319","https://openalex.org/W2153654820","https://openalex.org/W2167757882","https://openalex.org/W2329749247","https://openalex.org/W2510493362","https://openalex.org/W2514431540","https://openalex.org/W2525400794","https://openalex.org/W2557744929","https://openalex.org/W2571493236","https://openalex.org/W2586023805","https://openalex.org/W2593354195","https://openalex.org/W2594560857","https://openalex.org/W2740186459","https://openalex.org/W2751605210","https://openalex.org/W2777180355","https://openalex.org/W2794311034","https://openalex.org/W2798139910","https://openalex.org/W2799996045","https://openalex.org/W2802501109","https://openalex.org/W2808445014","https://openalex.org/W2809740924","https://openalex.org/W2887279295","https://openalex.org/W2888485109","https://openalex.org/W2894009982","https://openalex.org/W2902259735","https://openalex.org/W2906068868","https://openalex.org/W2911692934","https://openalex.org/W2916994210","https://openalex.org/W2964434710","https://openalex.org/W2971653411","https://openalex.org/W2977597001","https://openalex.org/W2985563585","https://openalex.org/W3005416549","https://openalex.org/W3010884829","https://openalex.org/W3011017171","https://openalex.org/W3011456002","https://openalex.org/W3014426797","https://openalex.org/W3016351519","https://openalex.org/W3088415781","https://openalex.org/W3105816558","https://openalex.org/W3106445841","https://openalex.org/W3113111320","https://openalex.org/W4256661862","https://openalex.org/W6787085969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3154796165","https://openalex.org/W4361251304","https://openalex.org/W3139051647","https://openalex.org/W2902693277","https://openalex.org/W4378977105","https://openalex.org/W3048663290","https://openalex.org/W3024547383","https://openalex.org/W4210813012","https://openalex.org/W3174690704","https://openalex.org/W4221092438"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"development":[1],"of":[2,5,24,93,104,141,158],"the":[3,17,37,91,101,107,112,138,153,156,159],"Internet":[4],"Vehicles":[6],"(IoV)":[7],"has":[8],"made":[9],"transportation":[10],"systems":[11],"into":[12],"intelligent":[13],"networks.":[14],"However,":[15],"with":[16,152],"increase":[18],"in":[19,106],"vehicles,":[20],"an":[21],"increasing":[22],"number":[23],"data":[25,38],"need":[26],"to":[27,42,57,70,86],"be":[28,96],"analyzed":[29],"and":[30,54,90,111,133,161],"processed.":[31],"Roadside":[32],"units":[33],"(RSUs)":[34],"can":[35],"offload":[36],"collected":[39],"from":[40],"vehicles":[41,81],"remote":[43],"cloud":[44],"servers":[45,88],"for":[46,80],"processing,":[47],"but":[48],"they":[49],"cause":[50],"significant":[51],"network":[52,131],"latency":[53,69],"are":[55,73],"unfriendly":[56],"applications":[58],"that":[59],"require":[60],"real-time":[61],"information.":[62],"Edge":[63],"computing":[64,77],"(EC)":[65],"brings":[66],"low":[67],"service":[68],"users.":[71],"There":[72],"many":[74],"studies":[75],"on":[76],"offloading":[78],"strategies":[79],"or":[82],"other":[83],"mobile":[84],"devices":[85],"edge":[87],"(ESs),":[89],"deployment":[92,115,129,139],"ESs":[94,105,142],"cannot":[95],"ignored.":[97],"In":[98,136],"this":[99],"paper,":[100],"placement":[102],"problem":[103,140],"IoV":[108],"is":[109,118,143,163],"studied,":[110],"six-objective":[113],"ES":[114,134],"optimization":[116],"model":[117,162],"constructed":[119],"by":[120,145],"simultaneously":[121],"considering":[122],"transmission":[123],"delay,":[124],"workload":[125],"balancing,":[126],"energy":[127],"consumption,":[128],"costs,":[130],"reliability,":[132],"quantity.":[135],"addition,":[137],"optimized":[144],"a":[146],"many-objective":[147],"evolutionary":[148],"algorithm.":[149],"By":[150],"comparing":[151],"state-of-the-art":[154],"methods,":[155],"effectiveness":[157],"algorithm":[160],"verified.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-23T07:41:27.035349","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}