{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3115740094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2020.3041234","title":"Graph Neural Network for Robust Public Transit Demand Prediction","display_name":"Graph Neural Network for Robust Public Transit Demand Prediction","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3115740094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2020.3041234","mag":"3115740094"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2020.3041234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2020.3041234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/bad537f3-e36d-4c4c-9f94-027373424257/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334042","display_name":"Can Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-2839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Can Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-2839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028486493","display_name":"Lei Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3378-7201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3378-7201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100431692","display_name":"Wei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8638-3695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8638-3695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466","https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052731721","display_name":"Lina Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4149-839X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lina Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4149-839X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012107020","display_name":"S. Travis Waller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2939-2090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Travis Waller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466","https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6626,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89321272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"5","first_page":"4086","last_page":"4098"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6822155117988586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-transport","display_name":"Public transport","score":0.6183425188064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-forecasting","display_name":"Demand forecasting","score":0.6074066758155823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5675115585327148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5469484925270081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5002472400665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","score":0.47988975048065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.42821264266967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3318824768066406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33125537633895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.28225553035736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16396233439445496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.12596148252487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.12358877062797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1114320456981659}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6822155117988586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.6183425188064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193809577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409300","display_name":"Demand forecasting","level":2,"score":0.6074066758155823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5675115585327148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5469484925270081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5002472400665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.47988975048065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.42821264266967773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3318824768066406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33125537633895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.28225553035736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16396233439445496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.12596148252487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.12358877062797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1114320456981659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2020.3041234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2020.3041234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:unsworks.library.unsw.edu.au:1959.4/unsworks_73915","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_73915","pdf_url":"https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/bad537f3-e36d-4c4c-9f94-027373424257/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401737","display_name":"UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40053085","host_organization_name":"Australian Defence Force Academy","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40053085"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 23, 5, 1-13","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:unsworks.library.unsw.edu.au:1959.4/unsworks_73915","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_73915","pdf_url":"https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/bad537f3-e36d-4c4c-9f94-027373424257/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401737","display_name":"UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40053085","host_organization_name":"Australian Defence Force Academy","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40053085"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 23, 5, 1-13","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5722351275","display_name":"Quantifying and managing the network impacts of transport sharing services","funder_award_id":"DE200101793","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3115740094.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3115740094.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1719489212","https://openalex.org/W1726806267","https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W1982978808","https://openalex.org/W1991252559","https://openalex.org/W1992966824","https://openalex.org/W1996212582","https://openalex.org/W1998277768","https://openalex.org/W1998422560","https://openalex.org/W2004353783","https://openalex.org/W2007043321","https://openalex.org/W2011504567","https://openalex.org/W2013009562","https://openalex.org/W2023703387","https://openalex.org/W2101491865","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2135410644","https://openalex.org/W2170785963","https://openalex.org/W2186512589","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2500080291","https://openalex.org/W2556372419","https://openalex.org/W2565330852","https://openalex.org/W2604847698","https://openalex.org/W2613331518","https://openalex.org/W2618611781","https://openalex.org/W2695874637","https://openalex.org/W2756203131","https://openalex.org/W2766311542","https://openalex.org/W2788134583","https://openalex.org/W2808438192","https://openalex.org/W2901504064","https://openalex.org/W2904430055","https://openalex.org/W2927104047","https://openalex.org/W2946160394","https://openalex.org/W2949732208","https://openalex.org/W2951266961","https://openalex.org/W2953685634","https://openalex.org/W2963124587","https://openalex.org/W2963358464","https://openalex.org/W2963711523","https://openalex.org/W2963970792","https://openalex.org/W2964059111","https://openalex.org/W2964321699","https://openalex.org/W2965806703","https://openalex.org/W2981046731","https://openalex.org/W2982310938","https://openalex.org/W2984479486","https://openalex.org/W2996451395","https://openalex.org/W3084695931","https://openalex.org/W3093665100","https://openalex.org/W3103720336","https://openalex.org/W4233503150","https://openalex.org/W4361867601","https://openalex.org/W6639216784","https://openalex.org/W6640212811","https://openalex.org/W6720006811","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6730269975","https://openalex.org/W6731370813","https://openalex.org/W6733901433","https://openalex.org/W6764214684","https://openalex.org/W6780221082"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943623134","https://openalex.org/W2494523064","https://openalex.org/W2215759665","https://openalex.org/W2960358116","https://openalex.org/W2030292806","https://openalex.org/W3041172967","https://openalex.org/W2749065928","https://openalex.org/W2147155098","https://openalex.org/W4287727129","https://openalex.org/W2938171715"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"and":[1,5,10,17,43,60,66,91,139],"forecasting":[2],"mobility":[3],"patterns":[4],"travel":[6],"demand":[7,27,36,49,55,100,116,162],"are":[8],"fundamental":[9],"critical":[11],"to":[12,46,97,110,137],"efficient":[13],"transport":[14,41],"infrastructure":[15],"planning":[16,42],"service":[18],"operation.":[19],"However,":[20],"most":[21],"existing":[22],"studies":[23],"focused":[24],"on":[25,87],"deterministic":[26],"estimation/prediction/analytics.":[28],"Differently,":[29],"this":[30],"study":[31],"provides":[32],"confidence":[33,113],"interval":[34,114],"based":[35,86],"forecasting,":[37],"which":[38],"can":[39],"help":[40],"operation":[44],"authorities":[45],"better":[47],"accommodate":[48],"uncertainty/variability.":[50],"The":[51,144],"proposed":[52,72,142,150],"Origin-Destination":[53],"(OD)":[54],"prediction":[56,84,117,163],"approach":[57],"well":[58],"captures":[59],"utilizes":[61],"the":[62,71,94,112,120,133,141,149,156,169],"correlations":[63,158],"among":[64],"spatial":[65],"temporal":[67],"information.":[68],"In":[69],"particular,":[70],"Probabilistic":[73],"Graph":[74,88],"Convolution":[75,89],"Model":[76],"(PGCM)":[77],"consists":[78],"of":[79,115,154],"two":[80],"components:":[81],"(i)":[82],"a":[83,106,126],"module":[85,109],"Network":[90],"combined":[92],"with":[93],"gated":[95],"mechanism":[96],"predict":[98],"OD":[99],"by":[101,118],"utilizing":[102],"spatio-temporal":[103],"relations;":[104],"(ii)":[105],"Bayesian-based":[107],"approximation":[108],"measure":[111],"evaluating":[119],"graph-based":[121],"model":[122],"uncertainty.":[123],"We":[124],"use":[125],"large-scale":[127],"real-world":[128],"public":[129],"transit":[130],"dataset":[131],"from":[132],"Greater":[134],"Sydney":[135],"area":[136],"test":[138],"evaluate":[140],"approach.":[143],"experimental":[145],"results":[146],"demonstrate":[147],"that":[148],"method":[151],"is":[152],"capable":[153],"capturing":[155],"spatial-temporal":[157],"for":[159],"more":[160],"robust":[161],"against":[164],"several":[165],"established":[166],"tools":[167],"in":[168],"literature.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
