{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047776827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2020.3011890","title":"Energy-Efficient Strategy for Improving Coverage and Rate Using Hybrid Vehicular Networks","display_name":"Energy-Efficient Strategy for Improving Coverage and Rate Using Hybrid Vehicular Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047776827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2020.3011890","mag":"3047776827"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2020.3011890","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2020.3011890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083651088","display_name":"Deepak Saluja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4048-7074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119241673","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Ropar","ror":"https://ror.org/02qkhhn56","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Deepak Saluja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India","[Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar 140001, India (e-mail: 2016eez0009@iitrpr.ac.in)]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4048-7074","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar 140001, India (e-mail: 2016eez0009@iitrpr.ac.in)]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082198994","display_name":"Rohit Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3330-1710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119241673","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Ropar","ror":"https://ror.org/02qkhhn56","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rohit Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India","[Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar 140001, India.]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3330-1710","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar 140001, India.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086164438","display_name":"Nitin Saluja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6570-8606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74319210","display_name":"Chitkara University","ror":"https://ror.org/057d6z539","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nitin Saluja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India","[Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India.]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6570-8606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052889812","display_name":"Suman Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9987-7702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119241673","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Ropar","ror":"https://ror.org/02qkhhn56","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suman Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India","[Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar 140001, India.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Ropar, Ropar 140001, India.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083651088"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119241673"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6645,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84212839,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"430","last_page":"443"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7084255218505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6464272737503052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.6022651195526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5885995626449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.5160583853721619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5084423422813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4924696385860443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.43215256929397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.43171054124832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","score":0.42627379298210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3701786994934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28233492374420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.20397868752479553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.1885317862033844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16725477576255798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10568687319755554}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7084255218505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6464272737503052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.6022651195526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5885995626449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.5160583853721619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5084423422813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4924696385860443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.43215256929397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.43171054124832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.42627379298210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3701786994934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28233492374420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.20397868752479553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.1885317862033844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16725477576255798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10568687319755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2020.3011890","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2020.3011890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012484142","https://openalex.org/W2016988279","https://openalex.org/W2112170521","https://openalex.org/W2129258733","https://openalex.org/W2135720347","https://openalex.org/W2145286644","https://openalex.org/W2159963874","https://openalex.org/W2353609484","https://openalex.org/W2422659833","https://openalex.org/W2469547856","https://openalex.org/W2508122333","https://openalex.org/W2522693205","https://openalex.org/W2554071906","https://openalex.org/W2560777922","https://openalex.org/W2593512231","https://openalex.org/W2611396164","https://openalex.org/W2741931273","https://openalex.org/W2763717489","https://openalex.org/W2773287644","https://openalex.org/W2789886422","https://openalex.org/W2790873171","https://openalex.org/W2899506590","https://openalex.org/W2906647810","https://openalex.org/W2922001388","https://openalex.org/W2943785188","https://openalex.org/W2953926899","https://openalex.org/W2955500388","https://openalex.org/W2963058688","https://openalex.org/W2963082445","https://openalex.org/W2963135408","https://openalex.org/W2963218636","https://openalex.org/W2963288612","https://openalex.org/W2963340840","https://openalex.org/W2963347964","https://openalex.org/W2963706687","https://openalex.org/W2963907957","https://openalex.org/W2964284728","https://openalex.org/W2970522411","https://openalex.org/W2971940203","https://openalex.org/W2976558419","https://openalex.org/W2995603513","https://openalex.org/W3000537141","https://openalex.org/W3007269483","https://openalex.org/W6745409235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2327053383","https://openalex.org/W2356834760","https://openalex.org/W1964600846","https://openalex.org/W2790025453","https://openalex.org/W2127563499","https://openalex.org/W2030191005","https://openalex.org/W2027568561","https://openalex.org/W1521521035","https://openalex.org/W1865172210","https://openalex.org/W2120897947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"decade":[1],"back,":[2],"emergency":[3,22],"voice":[4,23],"communication":[5,24,59,126],"was":[6],"the":[7,12,31,34,45,53,70,74,81,85,116,158,179,185,193,229,244,250],"only":[8],"target":[9],"to":[10,25,43,84,112,151,205,233],"support":[11,40,60],"patient":[13],"in":[14,69,88,236],"an":[15,162],"ambulance.":[16],"It":[17,79],"is":[18,118,150,202,213],"now":[19],"evolved":[20],"from":[21,33,41],"vital":[26],"signal":[27],"monitoring":[28],"and":[29,103,143,160,167,198,207,240,246],"operating":[30],"machines":[32],"remote":[35],"place.":[36],"This":[37,128],"evolution":[38],"requires":[39],"technology":[42,146],"meet":[44],"high":[46,61,98],"data":[47,62],"rates":[48],"along":[49],"with":[50,222],"reliability":[51,117],"for":[52,123,195],"specified":[54],"applications.":[55],"The":[56,91,148,170,200,211,225],"millimeter-wave":[57],"(mmWave)":[58],"rate":[63,206,241],"requirements":[64],"of":[65,72,95,157,165,173,181,238],"vehicular":[66,113,125],"communication.":[67],"However,":[68,115],"case":[71],"mmWave,":[73],"radio":[75,144],"signals":[76],"vary":[77],"fast.":[78],"poses":[80],"implementation":[82],"challenge":[83],"mmWave":[86,96,166],"system":[87,177],"this":[89,189],"scenario.":[90],"other":[92],"implementations":[93],"challenges":[94,132],"are":[97],"path":[99],"loss,":[100],"severe":[101],"blockage":[102],"frequent":[104],"beam":[105],"updates":[106],"which":[107],"inhibit":[108],"seamless":[109,196],"connectivity":[110],"(reliability)":[111],"nodes.":[114],"always":[119],"a":[120,135,175],"prime":[121],"concern":[122],"any":[124],"system.":[127],"paper":[129,190],"addresses":[130],"these":[131],"by":[133,215],"implementing":[134],"novel":[136],"energy-efficient":[137],"strategy":[138,149],"based":[139,183],"on":[140,154,184],"RSUs":[141,153],"deployment":[142],"access":[145],"(RAT).":[147],"deploy":[152],"either":[155],"side":[156],"road":[159],"use":[161],"optimal":[163],"combination":[164],"microwave":[168],"RAT.":[169],"essential":[171],"analysis":[172,201,212],"such":[174],"hybrid":[176],"involves":[178],"evaluation":[180],"parameters":[182],"analytic":[186],"model.":[187],"Hence,":[188],"analytically":[191],"obtains":[192],"expression":[194],"coverage":[197,239],"connectivity.":[199],"also":[203],"extended":[204],"energy":[208,247],"efficiency":[209,248],"calculations.":[210],"supported":[214],"probabilistic":[216],"models-based":[217],"simulations":[218],"that":[219,228],"agree":[220],"closely":[221],"computation":[223],"results.":[224],"results":[226],"claim":[227],"proposed":[230],"model":[231],"leads":[232],"improved":[234],"performance":[235],"terms":[237],"while":[242],"maintaining":[243],"cost":[245],"within":[249],"limits.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
