{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2996569527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2957238","title":"A Novel Processing Methodology for Traffic-Speed Road Surveys Using Point Lasers","display_name":"A Novel Processing Methodology for Traffic-Speed Road Surveys Using Point Lasers","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2996569527","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2957238","mag":"2996569527"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2957238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2957238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/7ca99d02-26da-4a4c-99c3-007702ffbda5","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100761698","display_name":"Wenda Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6617-9136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenda Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6617-9136","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055880604","display_name":"Michael Burrow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5884-7763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Burrow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5884-7763","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016245463","display_name":"Nicole Metje","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6741-8183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicole Metje","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070038947","display_name":"Yueyue Tao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueyue Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058019911","display_name":"Gurmel S. Ghataora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1706-4567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gurmel Ghataora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100761698"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0358,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7802411,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"307","last_page":"318"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-traffic","display_name":"Road traffic","score":0.534256100654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5161510705947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.4962218403816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48849809169769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3270423114299774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12146249413490295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985695025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4323994","display_name":"Road traffic","level":2,"score":0.534256100654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5161510705947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.4962218403816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48849809169769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3270423114299774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12146249413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2957238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2957238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:discovery.dundee.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/7ca99d02-26da-4a4c-99c3-007702ffbda5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/7ca99d02-26da-4a4c-99c3-007702ffbda5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400523","display_name":"Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177639307","host_organization_name":"University of Dundee","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Li, W, Burrow, M, Metje, N, Tao, Y & Ghataora, G 2021, 'A novel processing methodology for traffic-speed road surveys using point lasers', IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 307-318. https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2957238","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/d16c971e-6481-482c-8373-a39e853c4c68","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/d16c971e-6481-482c-8373-a39e853c4c68","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/d16c971e-6481-482c-8373-a39e853c4c68","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Li, W, Burrow, M, Metje, N, Tao, Y & Ghataora, G 2021, 'A novel processing methodology for traffic-speed road surveys using point lasers', IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems , vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 307 - 318. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2019.2957238","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10090819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10090819/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems , 22  (1)   pp. 307-318.   (2019)      ","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/d16c971e-6481-482c-8373-a39e853c4c68","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8931679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Li , W , Burrow , M , Metje , N , Tao , Y & Ghataora , G 2021 , ' A novel processing methodology for traffic-speed road surveys using point lasers ' , IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems , vol. 22 , no. 1 , pp. 307 - 318 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2019.2957238","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:discovery.dundee.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/7ca99d02-26da-4a4c-99c3-007702ffbda5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/7ca99d02-26da-4a4c-99c3-007702ffbda5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400523","display_name":"Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177639307","host_organization_name":"University of Dundee","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Li, W, Burrow, M, Metje, N, Tao, Y & Ghataora, G 2021, 'A novel processing methodology for traffic-speed road surveys using point lasers', IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 307-318. https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2957238","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6139502208","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91429-554255","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335087","funder_display_name":"Innovate UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8625387643","display_name":"Real Time Traffic Speed Condition Survey (RE-TRAC)","funder_award_id":"103891","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335087","funder_display_name":"Innovate UK"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320339","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335087","display_name":"Innovate UK","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar5fy68"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W72888894","https://openalex.org/W595665224","https://openalex.org/W647827856","https://openalex.org/W1513670756","https://openalex.org/W1565661881","https://openalex.org/W1578953027","https://openalex.org/W1644863801","https://openalex.org/W1913336289","https://openalex.org/W1963782251","https://openalex.org/W1971606233","https://openalex.org/W1984266349","https://openalex.org/W2027251975","https://openalex.org/W2027911527","https://openalex.org/W2030731432","https://openalex.org/W2038856295","https://openalex.org/W2051571229","https://openalex.org/W2063880591","https://openalex.org/W2071905184","https://openalex.org/W2108467170","https://openalex.org/W2109240172","https://openalex.org/W2109606373","https://openalex.org/W2117811484","https://openalex.org/W2117922789","https://openalex.org/W2162703284","https://openalex.org/W2163339323","https://openalex.org/W2172697690","https://openalex.org/W2202032918","https://openalex.org/W2325012324","https://openalex.org/W2465487703","https://openalex.org/W2476574195","https://openalex.org/W2511065100","https://openalex.org/W2524866760","https://openalex.org/W2587062974","https://openalex.org/W2811266412","https://openalex.org/W2945608433","https://openalex.org/W6617763628","https://openalex.org/W6620377770","https://openalex.org/W6733422171"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2235062249","https://openalex.org/W2529191231","https://openalex.org/W2062711313","https://openalex.org/W1528638232","https://openalex.org/W605816536","https://openalex.org/W1194746731","https://openalex.org/W1541087157","https://openalex.org/W2379565869","https://openalex.org/W1516455402","https://openalex.org/W2322855306"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,171,185],"rapidly":[1],"increasing":[2],"traffic":[3],"volumes":[4,144],"using":[5,155,176],"local":[6,31,182],"road":[7,24,32,42,58,93,120,150,183,195,219,223],"networks":[8],"allied":[9],"to":[10,51,55,197,203],"the":[11,17,36,41,57,110,113,119,126,180,190],"implications":[12],"of":[13,38,73,78,112,128,137,145,165,167],"climate":[14],"change":[15],"drive":[16],"demand":[18],"for":[19,30,92,117,217],"cost-effective,":[20],"reliable":[21],"and":[22,61,81,103,139,207,229],"accurate":[23],"condition":[25,59,94],"assessment.":[26],"A":[27],"particular":[28],"concern":[29],"asset":[33,220],"managers":[34],"is":[35,122,132,201,215],"loss":[37],"material":[39],"from":[40,179],"surface":[43,121],"known":[44],"as":[45,97],"fretting":[46,196],"which":[47,161,200,214],"unchecked":[48],"can":[49,193],"lead":[50],"potholes.":[52],"In":[53,107,147],"order":[54],"assess":[56,194],"quantitatively":[60],"affordably,":[62],"a":[63,76,156,163,204],"system":[64,192],"should":[65],"be":[66,71],"designed":[67],"with":[68],"low":[69,143],"complexity,":[70],"capable":[72],"operating":[74],"in":[75],"variety":[77],"weather":[79],"conditions":[80],"operate":[82],"at":[83,208],"normal":[84],"traffic-speeds.":[85],"Many":[86],"different":[87],"techniques":[88],"have":[89],"been":[90],"developed":[91],"assessment":[95],"such":[96],"ground":[98],"penetrating":[99],"radar,":[100],"visual":[101,205],"sensors":[102],"mobile":[104],"scanning":[105,118],"lasers.":[106],"this":[108,148],"work,":[109,149],"use":[111],"point":[114],"laser":[115,169],"technique":[116],"investigated.":[123],"It":[124],"has":[125],"advantages":[127],"being":[129],"sufficiently":[130],"accurate,":[131],"relatively":[133,142],"unaffected":[134],"by":[135],"levels":[136],"illumination":[138],"it":[140],"produces":[141],"data.":[146],"fretting/surface":[151],"disintegration":[152],"was":[153,174],"determined":[154],"novel":[157],"signal":[158],"processing":[159],"approach":[160],"considers":[162],"number":[164],"features":[166],"reflected":[168],"signals.":[170],"proposed":[172,191],"methodology":[173],"demonstrated":[175],"data":[177],"collected":[178],"UK's":[181],"network.":[184],"experimental":[186],"results":[187],"indicate":[188],"that":[189],"an":[198],"accuracy":[199],"comparable":[202],"inspection,":[206],"Information":[209],"Quality":[210],"Level":[211],"(IQL)":[212],"3":[213],"sufficient":[216],"tactical":[218],"management":[221],"whereby":[222],"sections":[224],"requiring":[225],"treatment":[226],"are":[227],"selected":[228],"appropriate":[230],"treatments":[231],"identified.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
