{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2992509186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2956744","title":"ViFi-MobiScanner: Observe Human Mobility via Vehicular Internet Service","display_name":"ViFi-MobiScanner: Observe Human Mobility via Vehicular Internet Service","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2992509186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2956744","mag":"2992509186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2956744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2956744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103113390","display_name":"Lai Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1478-8738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lai Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Communications, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100328229","display_name":"Shuai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-1151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100603762","display_name":"Desheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-8736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Desheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403471","display_name":"Fan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4974-3329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038811034","display_name":"Tian He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6062-2619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103113390"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.747,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89583641,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"280","last_page":"292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.9674999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6118083000183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-transport","display_name":"Public transport","score":0.5791679620742798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5018570423126221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4998970031738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.46882766485214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.46610862016677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4545232355594635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-card","display_name":"Smart card","score":0.4542768597602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone","display_name":"Mobile phone","score":0.4473094046115875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.41573208570480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trips-architecture","display_name":"TRIPS architecture","score":0.4104098677635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.21750077605247498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2020256221294403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19945093989372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.17175781726837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.15371978282928467}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6118083000183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.5791679620742798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5018570423126221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4998970031738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.46882766485214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.46610862016677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4545232355594635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110406131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41349","display_name":"Smart card","level":2,"score":0.4542768597602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.4473094046115875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.41573208570480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157085824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2384809","display_name":"TRIPS architecture","level":2,"score":0.4104098677635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.21750077605247498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2020256221294403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19945093989372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.17175781726837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.15371978282928467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2956744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2956744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4801744993","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20190336","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7698111779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6167219","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1594031697","https://openalex.org/W1605476884","https://openalex.org/W1696170920","https://openalex.org/W1968429208","https://openalex.org/W1981334305","https://openalex.org/W1982300822","https://openalex.org/W1987228002","https://openalex.org/W1987861412","https://openalex.org/W2021710335","https://openalex.org/W2044985623","https://openalex.org/W2055992762","https://openalex.org/W2073429202","https://openalex.org/W2101823987","https://openalex.org/W2107093695","https://openalex.org/W2108227676","https://openalex.org/W2112431369","https://openalex.org/W2164920786","https://openalex.org/W2189251073","https://openalex.org/W2286073771","https://openalex.org/W2400471308","https://openalex.org/W2460480794","https://openalex.org/W2606105273","https://openalex.org/W2782672556","https://openalex.org/W2963562852","https://openalex.org/W6636268392"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2807758032","https://openalex.org/W4224254130","https://openalex.org/W2152103536","https://openalex.org/W3186541905","https://openalex.org/W2287996552","https://openalex.org/W4207012312","https://openalex.org/W2179452086","https://openalex.org/W595072900","https://openalex.org/W2944614267","https://openalex.org/W1965440973"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Exploring":[0],"human":[1,10,33,288],"mobility":[2,34,195,276,289],"is":[3,48,53,63,73],"essential":[4],"for":[5],"urban":[6,145],"applications.":[7],"To":[8],"observe":[9],"mobility,":[11],"various":[12],"data-driven":[13],"techniques":[14],"based":[15],"on":[16,41,56,75,116,232,287],"different":[17],"data":[18,89,184],"sources,":[19],"such":[20],"as":[21],"cell":[22],"phone":[23],"and":[24,97,161,185,207,219,235,240,262,280,283],"transportation":[25],"data,":[26],"have":[27,170],"been":[28],"proposed.":[29],"This":[30],"paper":[31],"investigates":[32],"through":[35],"the":[36,57,66,71,76,80,88,91,98,106,110,157,178,230,233,243,251,263,273],"emerging":[37],"vehicular":[38],"Internet":[39],"service":[40],"public":[42],"bus":[43,58,99],"system.":[44],"The":[45,223],"key":[46],"idea":[47],"that":[49,70,153,227,254],"if":[50],"a":[51,113,121,136,167,172,190],"passenger":[52,72],"using":[54],"WiFi":[55,61,85],"or":[59],"his/her":[60],"device":[62],"activated":[64],"in":[65,135,268,277],"background,":[67],"we":[68,102,119,169],"know":[69],"traveling":[74],"bus.":[77],"By":[78],"fusing":[79],"network":[81,159,198,214],"events":[82],"generated":[83],"by":[84,237,258],"devices":[86],"with":[87,138,177,203,211],"from":[90,182,196],"automatic":[92],"fare":[93],"collection":[94],"(AFC)":[95],"system,":[96],"GPS":[100],"information,":[101],"exploit":[103],"not":[104],"only":[105],"origin":[107],"but":[108],"also":[109,247],"destination":[111,253],"of":[112,128,156,174,180,275],"passenger.":[114],"Based":[115],"this":[117],"idea,":[118],"develop":[120,148],"novel":[122],"system":[123],"called":[124],"ViFi-MobiScanner":[125,202,228,246],"which":[126],"consists":[127],"about":[129,238],"4,":[130],"800":[131],"mobile":[132],"routers":[133],"distributed":[134],"city":[137],"1,":[139],"992":[140],"KM":[141],"<sup":[142],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[143],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[144],"area.":[146],"We":[147,200],"an":[149],"ID":[150],"matching":[151],"algorithm":[152],"matches":[154],"part":[155],"users'":[158],"identities":[160,164],"their":[162,197],"smartcard":[163,183,244,260],"anonymously.":[165],"As":[166],"result,":[168],"built":[171],"set":[173],"labeled":[175],"samples":[176],"reference":[179],"observation":[181],"use":[186],"them":[187],"to":[188,192,249],"train":[189],"classifier":[191],"infer":[193],"users":[194],"activities.":[199],"evaluate":[201],"both":[204],"field":[205],"tests":[206],"collected":[208],"datasets":[209],"associated":[210],"168":[212],"million":[213,217,221],"events,":[215],"3.6":[216],"trips,":[218],"1.4":[220],"users.":[222],"evaluation":[224],"results":[225],"show":[226],"increases":[229],"observability":[231,274],"passengers":[234],"trips":[236],"53.9%":[239],"48.1%":[241],"over":[242],"observations.":[245],"helps":[248],"estimate":[250],"passengers'":[252],"cannot":[255],"be":[256,266],"observed":[257],"current":[259],"systems":[261],"estimation":[264],"can":[265],"accomplished":[267],"minutes.":[269],"Thus":[270],"it":[271],"expands":[272],"object,":[278],"temporal":[279],"spatial":[281],"dimensions":[282],"provides":[284],"unique":[285],"insights":[286],"at":[290],"metropolitan":[291],"scales.":[292]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
