{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2973960374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2939624","title":"Machine Learning for Severity Classification of Accidents Involving Powered Two Wheelers","display_name":"Machine Learning for Severity Classification of Accidents Involving Powered Two Wheelers","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2973960374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2939624","mag":"2973960374"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2939624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2939624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1215221","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108307682","display_name":"Natalia Selini Hadjidimitriou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Natalia Selini Hadjidimitriou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062424045","display_name":"Marco Lippi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9663-1071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Lippi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086489073","display_name":"Mauro Dell\u2019Amico","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3283-6131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauro Dell'Amico","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066527507","display_name":"A. Skiera","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889804353","display_name":"Robert Bosch (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/01fe0jt45","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889804353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Skiera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Corporate Research and Advance Engineering Vehicle Safety and Assistance Systems, CR/AEV, Accident Research, Robert Bosch Corporation, Stuttgart, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Corporate Research and Advance Engineering Vehicle Safety and Assistance Systems, CR/AEV, Accident Research, Robert Bosch Corporation, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889804353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108307682"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87968731,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"10","first_page":"4308","last_page":"4317"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5286161303520203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5247333645820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.5102980136871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.48493078351020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.47544193267822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-commission","display_name":"European commission","score":0.45625314116477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.43094632029533386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3867831230163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.38412538170814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.37959080934524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union","display_name":"European union","score":0.10426658391952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.10216695070266724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5286161303520203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5247333645820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.5102980136871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.48493078351020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.47544193267822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020782553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8880","display_name":"European commission","level":3,"score":0.45625314116477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.43094632029533386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3867831230163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.38412538170814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37959080934524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.10426658391952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.10216695070266724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2939624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2939624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1356459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1356459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1215221","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1215221","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1215221","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1215221","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311022","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emila","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311048","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1965728860","https://openalex.org/W1966398873","https://openalex.org/W1975836306","https://openalex.org/W1979874437","https://openalex.org/W1987186312","https://openalex.org/W1987193935","https://openalex.org/W2008056655","https://openalex.org/W2009395135","https://openalex.org/W2017485210","https://openalex.org/W2019844689","https://openalex.org/W2030006306","https://openalex.org/W2031648200","https://openalex.org/W2036887984","https://openalex.org/W2052759486","https://openalex.org/W2062786991","https://openalex.org/W2065446896","https://openalex.org/W2090563475","https://openalex.org/W2100372437","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2108196201","https://openalex.org/W2114379427","https://openalex.org/W2133654650","https://openalex.org/W2142292167","https://openalex.org/W2143426320","https://openalex.org/W2149706766","https://openalex.org/W2150263714","https://openalex.org/W2156017603","https://openalex.org/W2562005416","https://openalex.org/W2591677859","https://openalex.org/W2610734451","https://openalex.org/W2621409665","https://openalex.org/W2750591756","https://openalex.org/W2768348081","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2963048283","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6637242042","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6679761827","https://openalex.org/W6745609711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W3126293185","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W2521728836","https://openalex.org/W4205958290","https://openalex.org/W4384212932","https://openalex.org/W1561821132","https://openalex.org/W590383186"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Road":[0],"traffic":[1],"safety":[2],"is":[3,38,53],"one":[4],"of":[5,12,26,56,71,83,87,109,118,140,154],"the":[6,10,24,57,69,81,85,107,110,116,123],"major":[7],"challenges":[8],"for":[9],"future":[11],"smart":[13],"cities":[14],"and":[15,28,42,45,142],"transportation":[16],"networks.":[17],"Despite":[18],"several":[19],"solutions":[20],"exist":[21],"to":[22,65,68,121,129],"reduce":[23],"number":[25],"fatalities":[27],"severe":[29],"accidents":[30,88],"happening":[31],"daily":[32],"in":[33],"our":[34],"roads,":[35],"this":[36,77],"reduction":[37],"smaller":[39],"than":[40],"expected":[41],"new":[43],"methods":[44],"intelligent":[46],"systems":[47,97],"are":[48],"needed.":[49],"The":[50,133],"emergency":[51,74],"Call":[52],"an":[54],"initiative":[55],"European":[58],"Commission":[59],"aimed":[60],"at":[61,106],"providing":[62],"rapid":[63],"assistance":[64],"motorists":[66],"thanks":[67],"implementation":[70],"a":[72,145,152],"unique":[73],"number.":[75],"In":[76],"work,":[78],"we":[79,135],"study":[80,114],"problem":[82],"classifying":[84],"severity":[86],"involving":[89],"Powered":[90],"Two":[91],"Wheelers,":[92],"by":[93],"exploiting":[94],"machine":[95],"learning":[96],"based":[98],"on":[99,115,144],"features":[100,119],"that":[101,127],"could":[102],"be":[103],"reasonably":[104],"collected":[105],"moment":[108],"accident.":[111],"An":[112],"extended":[113],"set":[117,153],"allows":[120],"identify":[122],"most":[124],"important":[125],"factors":[126],"enable":[128],"distinguish":[130],"accident":[131],"severity.":[132],"system":[134],"develop":[136],"achieves":[137],"around":[138],"90%":[139],"precision":[141],"recall":[143],"large,":[146],"publicly":[147],"available":[148],"corpus,":[149],"using":[150],"only":[151],"eleven":[155],"features.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2019-09-26T00:00:00"}