{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2769474857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2891235","title":"Quantum Annealing Applied to De-Conflicting Optimal Trajectories for Air Traffic Management","display_name":"Quantum Annealing Applied to De-Conflicting Optimal Trajectories for Air Traffic Management","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2769474857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2891235","mag":"2769474857"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2891235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2891235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.04889","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090753886","display_name":"Tobias Stollenwerk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5445-8082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Stollenwerk","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015113066","display_name":"Bryan O\u2019Gorman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5164-8083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112445","display_name":"Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02133fc38","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112445"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan O'Gorman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies Inc., Greenbelt, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies Inc., Greenbelt, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112445"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102985745","display_name":"Davide Venturelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1329765538","display_name":"Universities Space Research Association","ror":"https://ror.org/043pgqy52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1329765538"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143663144","display_name":"Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science","ror":"https://ror.org/022qmyy53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1329765538","https://openalex.org/I143663144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Venturelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, Universities Space Research Association, Mountain View, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, Universities Space Research Association, Mountain View, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1329765538","https://openalex.org/I143663144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037760902","display_name":"Salvatore Mandr\u00e0","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-2694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112445","display_name":"Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02133fc38","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore Mandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies Inc., Greenbelt, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3908-2694","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies Inc., Greenbelt, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112445"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022539752","display_name":"Olga Rodionova","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olga Rodionova","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034687282","display_name":"Hokkwan Ng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hokkwan Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090472979","display_name":"Banavar Sridhar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Banavar Sridhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023002743","display_name":"Eleanor Rieffel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2957-9372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleanor Gilbert Rieffel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110285125","display_name":"Rupak Biswas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280536761","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rupak Biswas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280536761"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":104.891,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":131,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99905576,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"285","last_page":"297"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-annealing","display_name":"Quantum annealing","score":0.760546088218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5654116868972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulated-annealing","display_name":"Simulated annealing","score":0.5455211997032166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.533928394317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.5202985405921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretization","display_name":"Discretization","score":0.4937616288661957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.45189666748046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-traffic-management","display_name":"Air traffic management","score":0.4284365773200989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadratic-programming","display_name":"Quadratic programming","score":0.4117470979690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3619493246078491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.33554303646087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2739678621292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2390541136264801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.199698805809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-traffic-control","display_name":"Air traffic control","score":0.18727311491966248}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90408235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938141","display_name":"Quantum annealing","level":4,"score":0.760546088218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5654116868972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.5455211997032166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.533928394317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5202985405921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73000952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007827","display_name":"Discretization","level":2,"score":0.4937616288661957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.45189666748046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776777543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361182","display_name":"Air traffic management","level":3,"score":0.4284365773200989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81845259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290117","display_name":"Quadratic programming","level":2,"score":0.4117470979690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3619493246078491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.33554303646087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2739678621292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2390541136264801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.199698805809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166961238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221395","display_name":"Air traffic control","level":2,"score":0.18727311491966248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2019.2891235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2019.2891235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:117108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2019.2891235>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1711.04889","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04889","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.04889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1711.04889","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04889","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.04889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332374","display_name":"Ames Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02acart68"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W94531097","https://openalex.org/W817456489","https://openalex.org/W1554965393","https://openalex.org/W1631535324","https://openalex.org/W1957624274","https://openalex.org/W1964580560","https://openalex.org/W1979392010","https://openalex.org/W2008440715","https://openalex.org/W2055916047","https://openalex.org/W2124497430","https://openalex.org/W2129874988","https://openalex.org/W2141967156","https://openalex.org/W2168112370","https://openalex.org/W2188676348","https://openalex.org/W2231883621","https://openalex.org/W2291099268","https://openalex.org/W2326753268","https://openalex.org/W2339932761","https://openalex.org/W2340286907","https://openalex.org/W2404307587","https://openalex.org/W2769133055","https://openalex.org/W6687278713","https://openalex.org/W6704186092"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3125636951","https://openalex.org/W3122201086","https://openalex.org/W1564120726","https://openalex.org/W2023905462","https://openalex.org/W1658783917","https://openalex.org/W4287181303","https://openalex.org/W2399598303","https://openalex.org/W4385585333","https://openalex.org/W3208261700","https://openalex.org/W2971736115"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"the":[2,31,41,44,49,72,96,103,106,113,130,138],"mapping":[3,23],"of":[4,7,30,36,43,63,105,147,152],"a":[5,37,52,60,64,150],"class":[6],"simplified":[8],"air":[9],"traffic":[10],"management":[11],"problems":[12],"(strategic":[13],"conflict":[14,38,54],"resolution)":[15],"to":[16,68,85,143],"quadratic":[17],"unconstrained":[18],"Boolean":[19],"optimization":[20],"problems.":[21],"The":[22,57,121],"is":[24],"performed":[25],"through":[26],"an":[27],"original":[28],"representation":[29,58],"conflict-resolution":[32],"problem":[33],"in":[34,88,137],"terms":[35],"graph,":[39],"where":[40],"nodes":[42],"graph":[45],"represent":[46,51],"flights":[47],"and":[48,82,100,112,116],"edges":[50],"potential":[53],"between":[55],"flights.":[56],"allows":[59],"natural":[61],"decomposition":[62],"real-world":[65],"instance":[66],"related":[67],"wind-optimal":[69],"trajectories":[70],"over":[71],"Atlantic":[73],"Ocean":[74],"into":[75],"smaller":[76],"subproblems":[77,133],"that":[78,125],"can":[79],"be":[80,86],"discretized":[81],"are":[83,135,141],"amenable":[84],"programmed":[87],"quantum":[89,119],"annealers.":[90],"In":[91],"this":[92],"paper,":[93],"we":[94,101],"tested":[95],"new":[97],"programming":[98],"techniques,":[99],"benchmark":[102],"hardness":[104],"instances":[107],"using":[108],"both":[109],"classical":[110],"solvers":[111],"D-Wave":[114,117],"2X":[115],"2000Q":[118],"chip.":[120],"preliminary":[122],"results":[123],"show":[124],"for":[126],"reasonable":[127],"modeling":[128],"choices,":[129],"most":[131],"challenging":[132],"which":[134],"programmable":[136],"current":[139],"devices":[140],"solved":[142],"optimality":[144],"with":[145],"99%":[146],"probability":[148],"within":[149],"second":[151],"annealing":[153],"time.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
