{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2903939613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2881156","title":"Train Speed Trajectory Optimization With On-Board Energy Storage Device","display_name":"Train Speed Trajectory Optimization With On-Board Energy Storage Device","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2903939613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2881156","mag":"2903939613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2018.2881156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2881156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052701475","display_name":"Chaoxian Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5475-7090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoxian Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5475-7090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773215","display_name":"Wenrui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1004-4499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenrui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026042389","display_name":"Shaofeng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5361-2463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaofeng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5361-2463","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061447702","display_name":"Zhaoxiang Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoxiang Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029425805","display_name":"Fei Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-258X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-258X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008837809","display_name":"Jie Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8714-8862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4510145","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03q0t9252","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8714-8862","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5147,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95235462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"11","first_page":"4092","last_page":"4102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12095","display_name":"Vehicle emissions and performance","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.6118407249450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6098849773406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.5006599426269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.49228420853614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-efficiency","display_name":"Fuel efficiency","score":0.4713793694972992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4138909876346588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-board","display_name":"On board","score":0.4130384922027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4122258126735687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4039681851863861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3406916856765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3275136947631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.28062063455581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.13110321760177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.10996899008750916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08609971404075623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.6118407249450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6098849773406982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.5006599426269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.49228420853614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45882903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5042317","display_name":"Fuel efficiency","level":2,"score":0.4713793694972992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4138909876346588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018963415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16878425","display_name":"On board","level":2,"score":0.4130384922027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4122258126735687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4039681851863861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3406916856765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3275136947631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.28062063455581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.13110321760177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.10996899008750916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08609971404075623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2018.2881156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2881156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2509347844","display_name":"\u8f68\u9053\u4ea4\u901a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8282\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u534f\u540c\u4f18\u5316\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61763016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7959031807","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61603306","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W398786567","https://openalex.org/W1852135537","https://openalex.org/W1853065930","https://openalex.org/W1960921429","https://openalex.org/W1988986641","https://openalex.org/W2008958650","https://openalex.org/W2010092844","https://openalex.org/W2018301026","https://openalex.org/W2026492881","https://openalex.org/W2048320916","https://openalex.org/W2062403898","https://openalex.org/W2063032533","https://openalex.org/W2063811888","https://openalex.org/W2064168989","https://openalex.org/W2066852219","https://openalex.org/W2070392617","https://openalex.org/W2109028470","https://openalex.org/W2142871505","https://openalex.org/W2146790735","https://openalex.org/W2153853612","https://openalex.org/W2318875810","https://openalex.org/W2336230175","https://openalex.org/W2526006345","https://openalex.org/W2561858906","https://openalex.org/W2586082464","https://openalex.org/W2621237684","https://openalex.org/W2658559915","https://openalex.org/W2735913000","https://openalex.org/W2761454558"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4323768008","https://openalex.org/W3131574667","https://openalex.org/W4248382324","https://openalex.org/W4360995134","https://openalex.org/W2387529410","https://openalex.org/W2039473718","https://openalex.org/W3023605104","https://openalex.org/W2383578611","https://openalex.org/W2987583674","https://openalex.org/W3186928667"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rail":[0],"transportation":[1,23],"is":[2,24,94,203],"used":[3],"extensively":[4],"in":[5,173],"urban":[6],"areas":[7],"to":[8,57,63,101,107,132,136,147,209,221],"reduce":[9],"CO2emission":[10],"and":[11,42,83,164,206],"increase":[12],"road":[13],"capacity.":[14],"As":[15],"a":[16,26,129],"result,":[17],"the":[18,46,65,69,84,87,97,103,108,112,153,161,174,191,200],"energy":[19,50,81,139,166,184],"efficiency":[20],"of":[21,36,49,71,80,86,157,182],"rail":[22],"becoming":[25],"popular":[27],"research":[28],"topic.":[29],"Energy-efficient":[30],"train":[31,130,162,216,224],"operation":[32,116,150,163,217],"involves":[33],"four":[34],"types":[35],"control:":[37],"maximal":[38,43],"traction,":[39],"cruising,":[40],"coasting,":[41],"braking.":[44],"With":[45],"rapid":[47],"development":[48],"storage":[51],"devices":[52],"(ESDs),":[53],"this":[54],"paper":[55,197],"aims":[56],"develop":[58],"an":[59,204],"integrated":[60],"optimization":[61],"model":[62,100],"obtain":[64],"speed":[66,110,225],"trajectory":[67,226],"with":[68,124,176,190,227],"constraint":[70],"on-board":[72,88,113,126,158,177,194,212,228],"ESD":[73,114,127,159,213],"properties":[74],"such":[75],"as":[76,218,220],"capacity,":[77,128],"initial":[78,144],"state":[79],"(SOE),":[82],"degradation":[85,156],"ESD.":[89,195,229],"Mixed":[90],"integer":[91],"linear":[92],"programming":[93],"implemented":[95],"on":[96],"discretized":[98],"distance-based":[99],"find":[102],"solution.":[104],"In":[105],"addition":[106],"optimal":[109,215,223],"trajectory,":[111],"discharge/charge":[115,170],"strategy":[117],"will":[118],"be":[119,187],"obtained.":[120],"Results":[121],"show":[122],"that":[123,199],"high":[125,143],"tends":[131],"apply":[133],"more":[134,138,148,179],"braking":[135],"recover":[137],"by":[140,168],"using":[141],"ESD;":[142],"SOE":[145],"leads":[146],"traction":[149],"but":[151],"undermines":[152],"energy-recovering":[154],"process;":[155],"influences":[160,214],"net":[165,183],"consumption":[167,185],"affecting":[169],"frequency.":[171],"Additionally,":[172],"case":[175],"ESD,":[178],"than":[180],"11.6%":[181],"can":[186],"reduced":[188],"compared":[189],"one":[192],"without":[193],"This":[196],"indicates":[198],"proposed":[201],"method":[202],"effective":[205],"robust":[207],"way":[208],"study":[210],"how":[211],"well":[219],"achieve":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}