{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2846232485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2835655","title":"State Estimation for Communication-Based Train Control Systems With CSMA Protocol","display_name":"State Estimation for Communication-Based Train Control Systems With CSMA Protocol","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2846232485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2835655","mag":"2846232485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2018.2835655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2835655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/c537ad77-cfc3-43d2-99a6-7cfce1cc6d08","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023709529","display_name":"Lei Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0409-7941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0409-7941","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101749804","display_name":"Tao Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8253-9338"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8253-9338","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100699858","display_name":"Zidong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9576-7401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zidong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Brunel University London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9576-7401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Brunel University London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100333429","display_name":"Lei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9808-1483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114375483","display_name":"Clive Roberts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1518-2105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clive Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023709529"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5309,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93582389,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"843","last_page":"854"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6740496158599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.5506847500801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.5150880217552185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5115681290626526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4437176585197449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.4283146858215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4254961311817169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.39620596170425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3513854146003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11763474345207214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.09831595420837402}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6740496158599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.5506847500801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.5150880217552185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5115681290626526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4437176585197449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.4283146858215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4254961311817169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.39620596170425415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3513854146003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11763474345207214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.09831595420837402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2018.2835655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2835655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:Publications/c537ad77-cfc3-43d2-99a6-7cfce1cc6d08","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/c537ad77-cfc3-43d2-99a6-7cfce1cc6d08","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/c537ad77-cfc3-43d2-99a6-7cfce1cc6d08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zou, L, Wen, T, Wang, Z, Chen, L & Roberts, C 2018, 'State Estimation for Communication-Based Train Control Systems with CSMA Protocol', IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems . https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2018.2835655","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/c537ad77-cfc3-43d2-99a6-7cfce1cc6d08","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8405554/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/c537ad77-cfc3-43d2-99a6-7cfce1cc6d08","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/c537ad77-cfc3-43d2-99a6-7cfce1cc6d08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zou, L, Wen, T, Wang, Z, Chen, L & Roberts, C 2018, 'State Estimation for Communication-Based Train Control Systems with CSMA Protocol', IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems . https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2018.2835655","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2913669330","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFE0200900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4613506189","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFE0200900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7128412533","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016M600547","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8016009811","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703245","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308269","display_name":"Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/012kf4317"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320006","display_name":"Royal Society","ror":"https://ror.org/03wnrjx87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326185","display_name":"Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1958417210","https://openalex.org/W1979529375","https://openalex.org/W2007581029","https://openalex.org/W2018720559","https://openalex.org/W2026095449","https://openalex.org/W2026999812","https://openalex.org/W2034660857","https://openalex.org/W2041506226","https://openalex.org/W2045090944","https://openalex.org/W2086190046","https://openalex.org/W2132085090","https://openalex.org/W2156124371","https://openalex.org/W2162220153","https://openalex.org/W2171540967","https://openalex.org/W2264878733","https://openalex.org/W2287726179","https://openalex.org/W2345172184","https://openalex.org/W2493914771","https://openalex.org/W2529611766","https://openalex.org/W2562869229","https://openalex.org/W2569475337","https://openalex.org/W2569625745","https://openalex.org/W2604926250","https://openalex.org/W2623299223","https://openalex.org/W2734506266","https://openalex.org/W2757917120","https://openalex.org/W2768205782","https://openalex.org/W6730980501"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3125536267","https://openalex.org/W2965379502","https://openalex.org/W1988224349","https://openalex.org/W2038812594","https://openalex.org/W2136053165","https://openalex.org/W2491446310","https://openalex.org/W4386072241","https://openalex.org/W4376653662","https://openalex.org/W2618513040","https://openalex.org/W2137219649"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Train":[0],"positioning":[1,49],"is":[2,17,70,88,99,118,136,146,222],"of":[3,14,27,47,55,61,84,104,116,132,180,190,214,228],"critical":[4],"importance":[5],"for":[6,33],"communication-based":[7],"train":[8,29,48,63],"control":[9],"(CBTC)":[10],"systems.":[11,57],"The":[12,130],"objective":[13],"this":[15],"paper":[16],"to":[18,22,120,137,160,175,224],"provide":[19],"an":[20,139],"algorithm":[21],"generate":[23],"the":[24,28,45,53,59,78,82,102,114,133,143,161,167,177,181,188,192,226,229],"precise":[25],"estimates":[26],"position":[30],"and":[31,203],"velocity":[32],"CBTC":[34,56],"systems":[35],"with":[36,64,107],"carrier-sense":[37],"multiple":[38],"access":[39],"(CSMA)":[40],"protocol":[41,87],"scheduling,":[42],"thereby":[43],"improving":[44],"accuracy":[46],"as":[50,52],"well":[51],"availability":[54],"First,":[58],"dynamics":[60],"a":[62,92,151,219],"N":[65],"cars":[66],"linked":[67],"by":[68,90,125],"couplers":[69],"described":[71],"based":[72],"on":[73,101],"Newton's":[74],"motion":[75],"equations.":[76],"Then,":[77],"transmission":[79],"model":[80],"reflecting":[81],"behaviors":[83],"p-persistent":[85],"CSMA":[86],"presented":[89],"using":[91],"Bernoulli":[93],"distributed":[94],"sequence":[95],"whose":[96],"probability":[97],"distribution":[98],"dependent":[100],"number":[103],"trains":[105],"sharing":[106],"one":[108],"communication":[109],"channel":[110],"[i.e.,":[111],"N(k)].":[112],"Furthermore,":[113],"value":[115],"N(k)":[117],"assumed":[119],"be":[121],"unknown":[122],"but":[123],"bounded":[124,149],"two":[126,207],"known":[127],"positive":[128],"integers.":[129],"purpose":[131,189],"problem":[134],"addressed":[135],"design":[138,231],"estimator,":[140],"such":[141],"that":[142],"estimation":[144,182],"error":[145,183],"exponentially":[147],"ultimately":[148],"(with":[150],"certain":[152],"asymptotic":[153],"upper":[154],"bound)":[155],"in":[156,184,212],"mean":[157,185],"square":[158],"subject":[159],"external":[162],"resistive":[163],"force.":[164],"By":[165],"utilizing":[166],"stochastic":[168],"analysis":[169],"approach,":[170],"sufficient":[171],"conditions":[172],"are":[173,210],"established":[174],"guarantee":[176],"ultimate":[178,201],"boundedness":[179],"square.":[186],"For":[187],"designing":[191],"desired":[193],"estimator":[194,230],"gains":[195],"under":[196],"different":[197],"requirements":[198],"(e.g.,":[199],"smallest":[200],"bound":[202],"fastest":[204],"decay":[205],"rate),":[206],"optimization":[208],"problems":[209],"solved":[211],"terms":[213],"linear":[215],"matrix":[216],"inequalities.":[217],"Finally,":[218],"simulation":[220],"example":[221],"given":[223],"illustrate":[225],"effectiveness":[227],"scheme.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}