{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2808576284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2833438","title":"On the Accuracy of Inter-Vehicular Range Measurements Using GNSS Observables in a Cooperative Framework","display_name":"On the Accuracy of Inter-Vehicular Range Measurements Using GNSS Observables in a Cooperative Framework","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2808576284","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2833438","mag":"2808576284"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2018.2833438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2833438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006411139","display_name":"Muhammad Tahir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-568X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Tahir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002109016","display_name":"Sayed Saad Afzal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-9542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sayed Saad Afzal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010527517","display_name":"Muhammad Saad Chughtai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Saad Chughtai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028755675","display_name":"Khurram Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1470-6373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khurram Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006411139"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3481,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8920856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"682","last_page":"691"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.9394195079803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.7165466547012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6509451866149902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5674052834510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.5673887133598328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.5183042883872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5133273005485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorange","display_name":"Pseudorange","score":0.47891056537628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-augmentation","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","score":0.4199202060699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22037357091903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1959708034992218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.9394195079803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.7165466547012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6509451866149902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5674052834510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.5673887133598328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.5183042883872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5133273005485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174201072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187347","display_name":"Pseudorange","level":4,"score":0.47891056537628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166212672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165162","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","level":4,"score":0.4199202060699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22037357091903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1959708034992218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2018.2833438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2833438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44486983","https://openalex.org/W190377881","https://openalex.org/W243295533","https://openalex.org/W246640954","https://openalex.org/W1255049642","https://openalex.org/W1418118782","https://openalex.org/W1493325244","https://openalex.org/W1500961935","https://openalex.org/W1558630088","https://openalex.org/W1953288833","https://openalex.org/W1974503784","https://openalex.org/W1976409313","https://openalex.org/W1978255623","https://openalex.org/W1987611014","https://openalex.org/W1993190519","https://openalex.org/W1994693978","https://openalex.org/W2005364253","https://openalex.org/W2006431801","https://openalex.org/W2008112871","https://openalex.org/W2027067237","https://openalex.org/W2034702521","https://openalex.org/W2038166203","https://openalex.org/W2039578694","https://openalex.org/W2041393445","https://openalex.org/W2044006304","https://openalex.org/W2051975038","https://openalex.org/W2066938247","https://openalex.org/W2081597012","https://openalex.org/W2089470280","https://openalex.org/W2105336808","https://openalex.org/W2111705437","https://openalex.org/W2119669635","https://openalex.org/W2132639726","https://openalex.org/W2148976443","https://openalex.org/W2156484734","https://openalex.org/W2157390512","https://openalex.org/W2163006843","https://openalex.org/W2167561138","https://openalex.org/W2168008333","https://openalex.org/W2169582170","https://openalex.org/W2322622902","https://openalex.org/W2325470978","https://openalex.org/W2346248393","https://openalex.org/W2461515739","https://openalex.org/W2464929632","https://openalex.org/W2501024943","https://openalex.org/W2546768448","https://openalex.org/W2565384961","https://openalex.org/W2566401823","https://openalex.org/W2566918566","https://openalex.org/W2577541231","https://openalex.org/W2588025843","https://openalex.org/W2596637154","https://openalex.org/W2768501204","https://openalex.org/W4241327738","https://openalex.org/W6601825881","https://openalex.org/W6609341623","https://openalex.org/W6609476151","https://openalex.org/W6627956012","https://openalex.org/W6633268103","https://openalex.org/W6675967413"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197004465","https://openalex.org/W3216386610","https://openalex.org/W2796739365","https://openalex.org/W4239395258","https://openalex.org/W3204981892","https://openalex.org/W2525440477","https://openalex.org/W3103057830","https://openalex.org/W2091251439","https://openalex.org/W3205180365","https://openalex.org/W2109997931"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"vehicular":[1,81,137],"applications":[2,45],"such":[3,102],"as":[4,103],"navigation,":[5],"collision":[6],"avoidance,":[7],"and":[8,24,36,57,118,134,154,204],"location-based":[9],"services":[10],"envisioned":[11],"under":[12],"intelligent":[13],"transportation":[14],"system":[15,29],"(ITS)":[16],"framework":[17,150,216,229],"require":[18],"position":[19],"information":[20],"with":[21,245],"certain":[22],"accuracy":[23,56,119,219],"reliability.":[25],"Global":[26],"navigation":[27],"satellite":[28],"(GNSS)":[30],"are":[31,86,95],"widely":[32],"deployed":[33],"for":[34,151,179],"absolute":[35,183],"relative":[37],"positioning":[38,76],"in":[39,79,174,237],"a":[40,80,144,148],"wide":[41],"range":[42,180,222],"of":[43,63,74,108,113,120,131,147,156,171,185,199,208,220],"ITS":[44],"due":[46,127],"to":[47,59,71,128],"their":[48],"global":[49],"coverage":[50],"but":[51],"these":[52,121,225],"systems":[53],"have":[54],"limited":[55,126],"availability":[58],"meet":[60],"the":[61,72,89,92,116,129,152,169,175,186,200,209,218],"requirement":[62],"many":[64],"safety-critical":[65],"applications.":[66],"This":[67,228],"limitation":[68],"has":[69],"led":[70],"development":[73],"cooperative":[75],"(CP)":[77],"methods":[78,85,124],"ad-hoc":[82],"network.":[83],"CP":[84],"based":[87],"on":[88],"assumption":[90],"that":[91],"inter-vehicular":[93,157,221],"ranges":[94,158],"available":[96],"through":[97],"some":[98],"radio":[99,122],"ranging":[100,123],"method,":[101],"received":[104],"signal":[105],"strength,":[106],"time":[107,111],"arrival,":[109],"or":[110],"difference":[112,198,207],"arrival.":[114],"However,":[115],"feasibility":[117],"is":[125,230],"constraints":[130],"communication":[132],"medium":[133],"rapidly":[135],"changing":[136],"environment.":[138],"In":[139],"this":[140],"paper,":[141],"we":[142,167],"propose":[143],"generalized":[145],"version":[146],"theoretical":[149,215],"measurement":[153,223],"analysis":[155],"by":[159,189,233],"exchanging":[160],"GNSS":[161,172,190,246],"observables":[162,173],"between":[163],"vehicles.":[164],"More":[165],"specifically,":[166],"investigate":[168],"utilization":[170],"following":[176],"four":[177,226],"categories":[178],"measurement:":[181],"1)":[182],"positions":[184],"vehicles":[187,243],"provided":[188],"receivers;":[191],"2)":[192],"raw":[193,201,210],"code":[194,202,211],"pseudoranges;":[195,203],"3)":[196],"single":[197],"4)":[205],"double":[206],"pseudoranges.":[212],"The":[213],"developed":[214],"compares":[217],"using":[224,241],"observables.":[227],"further":[231],"validated":[232],"actual":[234],"field":[235],"trials":[236],"different":[238],"mobile":[239],"environments":[240],"two":[242],"equipped":[244],"receivers.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}