{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2517499003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2016.2595526","title":"Real-Time Bidirectional Traffic Flow Parameter Estimation From Aerial Videos","display_name":"Real-Time Bidirectional Traffic Flow Parameter Estimation From Aerial Videos","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2517499003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2016.2595526","mag":"2517499003"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2016.2595526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2016.2595526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049143775","display_name":"Ruimin Ke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9139-6765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruimin Ke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100351555","display_name":"Zhibin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7192-6853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhibin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007997134","display_name":"Sung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-4617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006857530","display_name":"John D. Ash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8330-7301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Ash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045024616","display_name":"Zhiyong Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5780-4312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012268687","display_name":"Yinhai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4180-5628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinhai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049143775"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9479,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":185,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98120475,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"4","first_page":"890","last_page":"901"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7142846584320068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6062719821929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-flow","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","score":0.5731614828109741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5236014127731323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-car-data","display_name":"Floating car data","score":0.4405122697353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41916123032569885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.33723318576812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-congestion","display_name":"Traffic congestion","score":0.20524564385414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17204001545906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.09887024760246277}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7142846584320068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6062719821929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207512268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3074551","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","level":2,"score":0.5731614828109741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5236014127731323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64093975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q356677","display_name":"Floating car data","level":3,"score":0.4405122697353363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41916123032569885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.33723318576812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779888511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244156","display_name":"Traffic congestion","level":2,"score":0.20524564385414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17204001545906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.09887024760246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2016.2595526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2016.2595526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3106549481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51138003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6669839749","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51329801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321125","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522895194","https://openalex.org/W1565206031","https://openalex.org/W1967878059","https://openalex.org/W1972619302","https://openalex.org/W1979770060","https://openalex.org/W1991748237","https://openalex.org/W1993037067","https://openalex.org/W1997765621","https://openalex.org/W2003669210","https://openalex.org/W2004353783","https://openalex.org/W2011474891","https://openalex.org/W2029309869","https://openalex.org/W2036079818","https://openalex.org/W2049425931","https://openalex.org/W2067216953","https://openalex.org/W2074794092","https://openalex.org/W2086908079","https://openalex.org/W2091224289","https://openalex.org/W2093944615","https://openalex.org/W2095210813","https://openalex.org/W2109869888","https://openalex.org/W2111248597","https://openalex.org/W2111308925","https://openalex.org/W2113047428","https://openalex.org/W2116515448","https://openalex.org/W2118877769","https://openalex.org/W2130103520","https://openalex.org/W2130522119","https://openalex.org/W2132443017","https://openalex.org/W2132744778","https://openalex.org/W2155362728","https://openalex.org/W2162566158","https://openalex.org/W2207254389","https://openalex.org/W3210232381","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6648486188","https://openalex.org/W6649811389","https://openalex.org/W6674035541","https://openalex.org/W6677548441","https://openalex.org/W6679388247","https://openalex.org/W6803376173","https://openalex.org/W6980131659"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049130312","https://openalex.org/W2396489752","https://openalex.org/W2035297662","https://openalex.org/W2737397484","https://openalex.org/W2615639616","https://openalex.org/W2241706255","https://openalex.org/W4312453293","https://openalex.org/W1982875961","https://openalex.org/W239469043","https://openalex.org/W1487707287"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unmanned":[0],"aerial":[1,69,94],"vehicles":[2],"(UAVs)":[3],"are":[4,35,144,153],"gaining":[5],"popularity":[6],"in":[7,68,202,211,224],"traffic":[8,33,38,42,89,105,109,114,135,166,175,227,245],"monitoring":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,75,155,164],"their":[12],"low":[13],"cost,":[14],"high":[15],"flexibility,":[16],"and":[17,28,41,44,64,107,134,141,181,191,221,230],"wide":[18],"view":[19],"range.":[20],"Traffic":[21],"flow":[22,90,110,136],"parameters":[23,111],"such":[24],"as":[25,177,179],"speed,":[26],"density,":[27],"volume":[29,182],"extracted":[30],"from":[31,50,54,93,188],"UAV-based":[32],"videos":[34,70,95,200],"critical":[36],"for":[37,77,87,146],"state":[39],"estimation":[40,92],"control":[43],"have":[45],"recently":[46],"received":[47],"much":[48],"attention":[49],"researchers.":[51],"However,":[52],"different":[53,204],"stationary":[55],"surveillance":[56],"videos,":[57],"the":[58,65,102,126,158,170,215],"camera":[59],"platforms":[60],"move":[61],"with":[62],"UAVs,":[63],"background":[66],"motion":[67,148],"makes":[71],"it":[72],"very":[73,203],"challenging":[74],"process":[76],"data":[78],"extraction.":[79],"To":[80],"address":[81],"this":[82],"problem,":[83],"a":[84,174,238],"novel":[85],"framework":[86],"real-time":[88,244],"parameter":[91],"is":[96],"proposed.":[97],"The":[98,138,206,234],"proposed":[99,154,216],"system":[100],"identifies":[101],"directions":[103],"of":[104,112,125,160,173],"streams":[106],"extracts":[108],"each":[113],"stream":[115,167,176,228],"separately.":[116],"Our":[117,194],"method":[118,195,217,235],"incorporates":[119],"four":[120,151],"steps":[121,190],"that":[122,210,242],"make":[123],"use":[124],"Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi":[127],"(KLT)":[128],"tracker,":[129],"k-means":[130,142],"clustering,":[131],"connected":[132],"graphs,":[133],"theory.":[137],"KLT":[139],"tracker":[140],"clustering":[143],"used":[145],"interest-point-based":[147],"analysis;":[149],"then,":[150],"constraints":[152],"further":[156],"determine":[157],"connectivity":[159],"interest":[161],"points":[162],"belonging":[163],"one":[165],"cluster.":[168],"Finally,":[169],"average":[171,226],"speed":[172,229,241],"well":[178],"density":[180],"can":[183],"be":[184],"estimated":[185],"using":[186],"outputs":[187],"previous":[189],"reference":[192],"markings.":[193],"was":[196],"tested":[197],"on":[198],"five":[199],"taken":[201],"scenarios.":[205],"experimental":[207],"results":[208],"show":[209],"our":[212],"case":[213],"studies,":[214],"achieves":[218,237],"about":[219],"96%":[220],"87%":[222],"accuracy":[223],"estimating":[225],"vehicle":[231],"count,":[232],"respectively.":[233],"also":[236],"fast":[239],"processing":[240],"enables":[243],"information":[246],"estimation.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}