{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2141154078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2012.2215855","title":"GNSS/Cellular Hybrid Positioning System for Mobile Users in Urban Scenarios","display_name":"GNSS/Cellular Hybrid Positioning System for Mobile Users in Urban Scenarios","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2141154078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2012.2215855","mag":"2141154078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2012.2215855","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2012.2215855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018044926","display_name":"Guido De Angelis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2557-349X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guido De Angelis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","Office for Innovation Promotion & Enterprise Innovation Services, Regional Gov. of Umbria, Perugia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office for Innovation Promotion & Enterprise Innovation Services, Regional Gov. of Umbria, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057432785","display_name":"Giuseppe Baruffa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3496-0395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Baruffa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057753523","display_name":"S. Cacopardi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27483092","display_name":"University of Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saverio Cacopardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Univ. of Perugia, Perugia, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27483092"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7473,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93743687,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"313","last_page":"321"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorange","display_name":"Pseudorange","score":0.9031379222869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.8721524477005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateration","display_name":"Multilateration","score":0.7146506309509277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.6468931436538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6372537016868591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.6331431865692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.6179895997047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-positioning-system","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","score":0.5610315799713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.5595685839653015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","score":0.5413671731948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.5207245945930481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precise-point-positioning","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","score":0.45916375517845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-system","display_name":"Positioning system","score":0.3258405923843384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2191285789012909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21105915307998657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1977807581424713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13504227995872498}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174201072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187347","display_name":"Pseudorange","level":4,"score":0.9031379222869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.8721524477005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.7146506309509277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.6468931436538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6372537016868591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.6331431865692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.6179895997047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187394410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","level":4,"score":0.5610315799713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.5595685839653015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.5413671731948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.5207245945930481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202511199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","level":4,"score":0.45916375517845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.3258405923843384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2191285789012909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21105915307998657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1977807581424713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13504227995872498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2012.2215855","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2012.2215855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99058568","https://openalex.org/W140138012","https://openalex.org/W144346157","https://openalex.org/W1525082254","https://openalex.org/W1525727937","https://openalex.org/W1531532259","https://openalex.org/W1558470758","https://openalex.org/W1978001812","https://openalex.org/W2027071573","https://openalex.org/W2028073198","https://openalex.org/W2044247374","https://openalex.org/W2052249078","https://openalex.org/W2053873875","https://openalex.org/W2091782715","https://openalex.org/W2093867810","https://openalex.org/W2097619736","https://openalex.org/W2102664783","https://openalex.org/W2107309900","https://openalex.org/W2117013956","https://openalex.org/W2125777976","https://openalex.org/W2139209052","https://openalex.org/W2153587859","https://openalex.org/W2166505383","https://openalex.org/W2166586270","https://openalex.org/W2167619819","https://openalex.org/W2169614365","https://openalex.org/W2170390609","https://openalex.org/W2170683893","https://openalex.org/W2261615946","https://openalex.org/W2540460929","https://openalex.org/W6605588654","https://openalex.org/W6606005530","https://openalex.org/W6684296684","https://openalex.org/W6692641714"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1797442270","https://openalex.org/W2166586270","https://openalex.org/W2383458065","https://openalex.org/W2376350480","https://openalex.org/W2393041500","https://openalex.org/W1987287733","https://openalex.org/W1551846473","https://openalex.org/W2391372050","https://openalex.org/W1995693263","https://openalex.org/W2050204958"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,15,22,33,62],"hybrid":[4],"scheme":[5,37],"for":[6],"user":[7],"positioning":[8],"in":[9],"an":[10],"urban":[11],"scenario":[12],"using":[13],"both":[14],"Global":[16],"Navigation":[17],"Satellite":[18],"System":[19],"(GNSS)":[20],"and":[21],"mobile":[23],"cellular":[24,47,84],"network.":[25],"To":[26],"maintain":[27],"receiver":[28],"complexity":[29],"(and":[30],"costs)":[31],"at":[32],"minimum,":[34],"the":[35,39,46,67,81,93,104,109],"location":[36,90,114],"combines":[38],"time-difference-of-arrival":[40],"(TDOA)":[41],"technique":[42],"measurements":[43],"obtained":[44,74,105],"from":[45,76],"network":[48,85],"with":[49],"GNNS":[50],"pseudorange":[51],"measurements.":[52],"The":[53],"extended":[54],"Kalman":[55],"filter":[56],"(EKF)":[57],"algorithm":[58],"is":[59,98,107],"used":[60],"as":[61],"data":[63,86],"integration":[64],"system":[65],"over":[66],"time":[68],"axis.":[69],"Simulated":[70],"results,":[71],"which":[72],"are":[73],"starting":[75],"real":[77],"measurements,":[78],"demonstrate":[79],"that":[80],"use":[82],"of":[83,95],"may":[87],"provide":[88],"increased":[89],"accuracy":[91,106],"when":[92],"number":[94],"visible":[96],"satellites":[97],"not":[99],"adequate.":[100],"In":[101],"every":[102],"case,":[103],"within":[108],"limits":[110],"required":[111],"by":[112],"emergency":[113],"services,":[115],"e.g.,":[116],"Enhanced":[117],"911":[118],"(E911).":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
