{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157616852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2011.2181366","title":"Adaptive Vehicle Detector Approach for Complex Environments","display_name":"Adaptive Vehicle Detector Approach for Complex Environments","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157616852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2011.2181366","mag":"2157616852"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2011.2181366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2011.2181366","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046374199","display_name":"Bing\u2010Fei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2019-7002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing-Fei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004291983","display_name":"Jhy-Hong Juang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jhy-Hong Juang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1646,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94974017,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"817","last_page":"827"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6126654744148254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5263974666595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.48631152510643005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.46592116355895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.4505383372306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44938674569129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-tracking-system","display_name":"Vehicle tracking system","score":0.44760555028915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-traffic-control","display_name":"Road traffic control","score":0.4453335404396057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","score":0.4213055968284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.4101729094982147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.40851086378097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2597271800041199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.1655392348766327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.14326635003089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.12388640642166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.11898034811019897}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6126654744148254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5263974666595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.48631152510643005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.46592116355895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4505383372306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44938674569129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84119951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3498530","display_name":"Vehicle tracking system","level":3,"score":0.44760555028915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775905063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6132995","display_name":"Road traffic control","level":3,"score":0.4453335404396057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117797892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286363","display_name":"Shadow (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4213055968284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4101729094982147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.40851086378097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2597271800041199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.1655392348766327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.14326635003089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.12388640642166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.11898034811019897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2011.2181366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2011.2181366","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.848.3169","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.848.3169","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://ir.nctu.edu.tw:443/bitstream/11536/16270/1/000304907000035.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980097476","https://openalex.org/W2002436298","https://openalex.org/W2047139834","https://openalex.org/W2061676282","https://openalex.org/W2099695159","https://openalex.org/W2109563856","https://openalex.org/W2111794548","https://openalex.org/W2113864992","https://openalex.org/W2114367927","https://openalex.org/W2114508695","https://openalex.org/W2119860750","https://openalex.org/W2120722148","https://openalex.org/W2122690306","https://openalex.org/W2124798378","https://openalex.org/W2132576733","https://openalex.org/W2133747588","https://openalex.org/W2135852591","https://openalex.org/W2137479423","https://openalex.org/W2137816999","https://openalex.org/W2141283351","https://openalex.org/W2141473805","https://openalex.org/W2144995066","https://openalex.org/W2154058452","https://openalex.org/W2156530496","https://openalex.org/W2157677694","https://openalex.org/W2160934189","https://openalex.org/W2161977181","https://openalex.org/W2168519618","https://openalex.org/W6679593300"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107628111","https://openalex.org/W2394004323","https://openalex.org/W2398764543","https://openalex.org/W2027335291","https://openalex.org/W4210328553","https://openalex.org/W2001943318","https://openalex.org/W2108735200","https://openalex.org/W3158831960","https://openalex.org/W2164247617","https://openalex.org/W2014977249"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,43,61,138,183],"this":[1,110],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,131],"vehicle":[4,20,51,82,98,117,200],"detection":[5,21,79,83,118],"approach":[6,119],"for":[7,16],"complex":[8,26,121,136,228],"environments":[9,86,122],"is":[10,112,160],"presented.":[11],"This":[12],"paper":[13,111],"proposes":[14],"methods":[15,57,219],"solving":[17],"problems":[18,100],"of":[19,109,147,150],"in":[22,103,120,135],"traffic":[23,104,187,193,196,206,232],"jams":[24],"and":[25,97,129,152,172,199,207,223,231],"weather":[27,151,229],"conditions":[28,230],"such":[29,91],"as":[30,92],"sunny":[31],"days,":[32,34,36],"rainy":[33],"cloudy":[35],"sunrise":[37],"time,":[38,40],"sunset":[39],"or":[41],"nighttime.":[42],"recent":[44],"research,":[45],"there":[46],"have":[47,88],"been":[48],"many":[49,89,185],"well-known":[50],"detectors":[52],"that":[53,101,216],"utilize":[54],"background":[55,65,133],"extraction":[56],"to":[58,68,113,123,162,177,204,226],"recognize":[59],"vehicles.":[60],"these":[62],"studies,":[63],"the":[64,73,78,139,145,148,168,179,217],"image":[66,134],"needs":[67],"continuously":[69],"be":[70],"updated;":[71],"otherwise,":[72],"luminance":[74],"variation":[75],"will":[76,87],"impact":[77],"quality.":[80,182],"The":[81,106,155],"under":[84],"various":[85],"difficulties":[90],"illumination":[93],"vibrations,":[94],"shadow":[95],"effects,":[96],"overlapping":[99],"appear":[102],"jams.":[105,233],"main":[107],"contribution":[108],"propose":[114],"an":[115],"adaptive":[116],"directly":[124,163],"detect":[125],"vehicles":[126],"without":[127],"extracting":[128],"updating":[130],"reference":[132],"environments.":[137],"proposed":[140,218],"approach,":[141],"histogram":[142],"extension":[143],"addresses":[144],"removal":[146],"effects":[149],"light":[153],"impact.":[154],"gray-level":[156],"differential":[157],"value":[158],"method":[159],"utilized":[161],"extract":[164],"moving":[165],"objects":[166],"from":[167],"images.":[169],"Finally,":[170],"tracking":[171,181],"error":[173],"compensation":[174],"are":[175,189,220],"applied":[176],"refine":[178],"target":[180],"addition,":[184],"useful":[186,192],"parameters":[188],"evaluated.":[190],"These":[191],"parameters,":[194],"including":[195],"flows,":[197],"velocity,":[198],"classifications,":[201],"can":[202],"help":[203],"control":[205],"provide":[208],"drivers":[209],"with":[210],"good":[211],"guidance.":[212],"Experimental":[213],"results":[214],"show":[215],"robust,":[221],"accurate,":[222],"powerful":[224],"enough":[225],"overcome":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}