{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2120271005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2011.2156790","title":"PACP: An Efficient Pseudonymous Authentication-Based Conditional Privacy Protocol for VANETs","display_name":"PACP: An Efficient Pseudonymous Authentication-Based Conditional Privacy Protocol for VANETs","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2120271005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2011.2156790","mag":"2120271005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2011.2156790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2011.2156790","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003921452","display_name":"Dijiang Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-6349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143601","display_name":"Decision Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0434dpa13","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dijiang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","Sch. of Comput., Inf., & Decision Syst. Eng., Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601","https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Comput., Inf., & Decision Syst. Eng., Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111921078","display_name":"Satyajayant Misra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10052268","display_name":"New Mexico State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satyajayant Misra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA","Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111916005","display_name":"Mayank Verma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3017533127","display_name":"Brocade (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jty5027","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3017533127"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayank Verma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brocade Communications, Encinitas, CA, USA","Brocade Commun., Encinitas, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brocade Communications, Encinitas, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017533127"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brocade Commun., Encinitas, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017533127"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026230689","display_name":"Guoliang Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5833-8894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143601","display_name":"Decision Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0434dpa13","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoliang Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","Sch. of Comput., Inf., & Decision Syst. Eng., Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601","https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Comput., Inf., & Decision Syst. Eng., Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003921452"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143601","https://openalex.org/I55732556"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7539,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":237,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97104013,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"3","first_page":"736","last_page":"746"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revocation","display_name":"Revocation","score":0.831541895866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7084985971450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","score":0.6417175531387329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.6065680980682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6018444895744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5835862755775452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5370992422103882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.5289844274520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-signature","display_name":"Group signature","score":0.4808114767074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.47873446345329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.4457872807979584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4322333037853241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-protection","display_name":"Privacy protection","score":0.4227157235145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.30265510082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.2350279986858368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.12508529424667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.1125117838382721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07050734758377075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775892892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509517","display_name":"Revocation","level":3,"score":0.831541895866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7084985971450806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.6417175531387329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6065680980682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6018444895744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5835862755775452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5370992422103882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.5289844274520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148408913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5611269","display_name":"Group signature","level":4,"score":0.4808114767074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.47873446345329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.4457872807979584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4322333037853241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017597292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052250","display_name":"Privacy protection","level":2,"score":0.4227157235145569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.30265510082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.2350279986858368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.12508529424667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.1125117838382721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07050734758377075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tits.2011.2156790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tits.2011.2156790","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144771191","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","issn_l":"1524-9050","issn":["1524-9050","1558-0016"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.727.8347","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.727.8347","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.nmsu.edu/%7Emisra/papers/T-ITS-2011.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2811237814","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3281110753","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-09-1-0467","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3961729312","display_name":"EAGER: Collaborative Research: A Secure and Resilient Virtual Trust  Routing Framework for Future Internet","funder_award_id":"1029546","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5538796078","display_name":"IHCS: Improving Coverage and Connectivity in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks through Relay, Cooperation, and Mobility","funder_award_id":"0901451","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6292419209","display_name":"A Cloud-based Resource and Service Sharing Platform for Computer and Network Security Education","funder_award_id":"0942453","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7452299184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8998121839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","display_name":"Australian Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0314h5y94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546307877","https://openalex.org/W1562630396","https://openalex.org/W1610688607","https://openalex.org/W2014239329","https://openalex.org/W2018468667","https://openalex.org/W2028358228","https://openalex.org/W2036378739","https://openalex.org/W2065654144","https://openalex.org/W2081560760","https://openalex.org/W2086042811","https://openalex.org/W2102699774","https://openalex.org/W2103056119","https://openalex.org/W2112004167","https://openalex.org/W2114140395","https://openalex.org/W2121247918","https://openalex.org/W2122991569","https://openalex.org/W2126962385","https://openalex.org/W2128628587","https://openalex.org/W2137469879","https://openalex.org/W2137816999","https://openalex.org/W2155431676","https://openalex.org/W6632605981","https://openalex.org/W6636423917"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235785488","https://openalex.org/W2123808758","https://openalex.org/W2898075319","https://openalex.org/W1868580136","https://openalex.org/W1998865180","https://openalex.org/W1535255904","https://openalex.org/W2893750591","https://openalex.org/W2792368265","https://openalex.org/W2060456500","https://openalex.org/W2951454549"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,39,55,74],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,97],"propose":[4],"a":[5,20],"new":[6],"privacy":[7,14,100],"preservation":[8],"scheme,":[9,41],"named":[10],"pseudonymous":[11],"authentication-based":[12],"conditional":[13,99],"(PACP),":[15],"which":[16,122],"allows":[17,84],"vehicles":[18,42,65,85,103,110],"in":[19,71,104,114],"vehicular":[21],"ad":[22],"hoc":[23],"network":[24,93,116],"(VANET)":[25],"to":[26,34,47,63,86,101,126],"use":[27],"pseudonyms":[28,51,59],"instead":[29],"of":[30],"their":[31],"true":[32],"identity":[33],"obtain":[35],"provably":[36],"good":[37],"privacy.":[38],"our":[40,56,76],"interact":[43],"with":[44],"roadside":[45],"units":[46],"help":[48],"them":[49],"generate":[50],"for":[52],"anonymous":[53,113],"communication.":[54],"setup,":[57],"the":[58,64,72,92,102,105,109,115],"are":[60,119],"only":[61],"known":[62],"but":[66],"have":[67],"no":[68],"other":[69],"entities":[70],"network.":[73],"addition,":[75],"scheme":[77],"provides":[78],"an":[79],"efficient":[80],"revocation":[81],"mechanism":[82],"that":[83,107],"be":[87,112,127],"identified":[88],"and":[89],"revoked":[90],"from":[91],"if":[94],"needed.":[95],"Thus,":[96],"provide":[98],"system,":[106],"is,":[108],"will":[111],"until":[117],"they":[118,124],"revoked,":[120],"at":[121],"point,":[123],"cease":[125],"anonymous.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}