{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2143146889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/titb.2009.2033590","title":"Data Mining of Gene Expression Data by Fuzzy and Hybrid Fuzzy Methods","display_name":"Data Mining of Gene Expression Data by Fuzzy and Hybrid Fuzzy Methods","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2143146889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/titb.2009.2033590","mag":"2143146889","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19846381"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/titb.2009.2033590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/titb.2009.2033590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68937846","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine","issn_l":"1089-7771","issn":["1089-7771","1558-0032"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105462955","display_name":"Gerald Schaefer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1292-7674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. Schaefer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK. g.schaefer@lboro.ac.uk","Dept. of Computer Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK. g.schaefer@lboro.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036331063","display_name":"Tomoharu Nakashima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1443-0816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15807432","display_name":"Osaka Prefecture University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cf1je33","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Nakashima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Intelligent Systems, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Osaka, Japan","Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Intell. Syst., Osaka Prefecture Univ., Sakai, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Intelligent Systems, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Intell. Syst., Osaka Prefecture Univ., Sakai, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15807432"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5105462955"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5748,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82706163,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"23","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.7047224640846252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.6860805153846741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5937415361404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5739381909370422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4679960608482361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.4514275789260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microarray-analysis-techniques","display_name":"Microarray analysis techniques","score":0.43863818049430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42797142267227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-rule","display_name":"Fuzzy rule","score":0.42193603515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.4026948809623718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"Gene expression","score":0.2848722040653229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.2528860569000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.153466135263443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.09701287746429443}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.7047224640846252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.6860805153846741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5937415361404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5739381909370422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4679960608482361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4514275789260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8415881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839217","display_name":"Microarray analysis techniques","level":4,"score":0.43863818049430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42797142267227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511139","display_name":"Fuzzy rule","level":4,"score":0.42193603515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.4026948809623718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.2848722040653229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2528860569000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.153466135263443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.09701287746429443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020411","descriptor_name":"Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020411","descriptor_name":"Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020411","descriptor_name":"Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020869","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression Profiling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020869","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression Profiling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020869","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression Profiling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030541","descriptor_name":"Databases, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/titb.2009.2033590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/titb.2009.2033590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68937846","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine","issn_l":"1089-7771","issn":["1089-7771","1558-0032"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19846381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19846381","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on information technology in biomedicine : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W60482913","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1572234042","https://openalex.org/W1594031697","https://openalex.org/W1598233753","https://openalex.org/W1893505266","https://openalex.org/W1966363240","https://openalex.org/W1966701961","https://openalex.org/W2063828223","https://openalex.org/W2065210076","https://openalex.org/W2087684630","https://openalex.org/W2087738854","https://openalex.org/W2096158882","https://openalex.org/W2108728387","https://openalex.org/W2109363337","https://openalex.org/W2115358726","https://openalex.org/W2116896485","https://openalex.org/W2127099662","https://openalex.org/W2135423934","https://openalex.org/W2143692243","https://openalex.org/W2147246240","https://openalex.org/W2155461849","https://openalex.org/W2156728410","https://openalex.org/W2330820318","https://openalex.org/W2336433189","https://openalex.org/W2346154048","https://openalex.org/W3043724789","https://openalex.org/W3085162807","https://openalex.org/W6682744373","https://openalex.org/W6780737472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392243736","https://openalex.org/W86652014","https://openalex.org/W3129895999","https://openalex.org/W2328518092","https://openalex.org/W3101249758","https://openalex.org/W2382079200","https://openalex.org/W2374091470","https://openalex.org/W4388218547","https://openalex.org/W2379703849","https://openalex.org/W2083536291"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microarray":[0],"studies":[1],"and":[2,15,28],"gene":[3,60,113,122],"expression":[4,61,114,123],"analysis":[5,58],"have":[6],"received":[7],"tremendous":[8],"attention":[9],"over":[10],"the":[11,21,126],"last":[12],"few":[13],"years":[14],"provide":[16],"many":[17],"promising":[18],"avenues":[19],"toward":[20],"understanding":[22],"of":[23,32,36,59,67,70,79,95,103,128],"fundamental":[24],"questions":[25],"in":[26,40,90],"biology":[27],"medicine.":[29],"Data":[30],"mining":[31],"these":[33],"vasts":[34],"amount":[35],"data":[37],"is":[38],"crucial":[39],"gaining":[41],"this":[42,45],"understanding.":[43],"In":[44],"paper,":[46],"we":[47],"present":[48,84],"a":[49,68,85,92,104,109],"fuzzy":[50,71,87,96],"rule-based":[51],"classification":[52,78,88],"system":[53],"that":[54,74],"allows":[55],"for":[56,112],"effective":[57],"data.":[62],"The":[63],"applied":[64],"classifier":[65,111],"consists":[66],"set":[69],"if-then":[72,97],"rules":[73,98],"enable":[75],"accurate":[76],"nonlinear":[77],"input":[80],"patterns.":[81],"We":[82],"further":[83],"hybrid":[86],"scheme":[89],"which":[91],"small":[93],"number":[94],"are":[99],"selected":[100],"through":[101],"means":[102],"genetic":[105],"algorithm,":[106],"leading":[107],"to":[108],"compact":[110],"analysis.":[115],"Extensive":[116],"experimental":[117],"results":[118],"on":[119],"various":[120],"well-known":[121],"datasets":[124],"confirm":[125],"efficacy":[127],"our":[129],"approaches.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}