{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2126471648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/titb.2002.1006299","title":"Biological data integration: wrapping data and tools","display_name":"Biological data integration: wrapping data and tools","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2126471648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/titb.2002.1006299","mag":"2126471648","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12075666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/titb.2002.1006299","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/titb.2002.1006299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68937846","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine","issn_l":"1089-7771","issn":["1089-7771","1558-0032"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038915978","display_name":"Zo\u00e9 Lacroix","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Z. Lacroix","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-6106, USA. zoe.lacroix@asu.edu","Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-6106, USA. zoe.lacroix@asu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arizona State University , Tempe , AZ , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038915978"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8493,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95891275,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"123","last_page":"128"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.854458212852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.5997788906097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.5314701199531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5018532276153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.4846940338611603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4781704545021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-access","display_name":"Data access","score":0.46608206629753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4401087462902069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-model","display_name":"Data model (GIS)","score":0.4386384189128876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4167090058326721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.371820867061615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.14281463623046875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.854458212852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.5997788906097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.5314701199531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5018532276153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.4846940338611603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4781704545021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47487241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227230","display_name":"Data access","level":2,"score":0.46608206629753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4401087462902069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100463513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227322","display_name":"Data model (GIS)","level":2,"score":0.4386384189128876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4167090058326721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.371820867061615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.14281463623046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003195","descriptor_name":"Computer Communication Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003628","descriptor_name":"Database Management Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003628","descriptor_name":"Database Management Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003628","descriptor_name":"Database Management Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003661","descriptor_name":"Decision Support Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003661","descriptor_name":"Decision Support Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003661","descriptor_name":"Decision Support Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005240","descriptor_name":"Feasibility Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011381","descriptor_name":"Programming Languages","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016206","descriptor_name":"Databases, Bibliographic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016206","descriptor_name":"Databases, Bibliographic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016206","descriptor_name":"Databases, Bibliographic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016239","descriptor_name":"MEDLINE","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016239","descriptor_name":"MEDLINE","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016239","descriptor_name":"MEDLINE","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030561","descriptor_name":"Databases, Nucleic Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030561","descriptor_name":"Databases, Nucleic Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030561","descriptor_name":"Databases, Nucleic Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/titb.2002.1006299","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/titb.2002.1006299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68937846","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine","issn_l":"1089-7771","issn":["1089-7771","1558-0032"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12075666","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12075666","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on information technology in biomedicine : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1.8914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1.8914","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~lacroix/PAPERS/ITB.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33041674","https://openalex.org/W129475153","https://openalex.org/W149546232","https://openalex.org/W1535992660","https://openalex.org/W1536406416","https://openalex.org/W1550001754","https://openalex.org/W1555272664","https://openalex.org/W1558765006","https://openalex.org/W1560626952","https://openalex.org/W1735078256","https://openalex.org/W1879587332","https://openalex.org/W1896076775","https://openalex.org/W1966200370","https://openalex.org/W1968766436","https://openalex.org/W1978227866","https://openalex.org/W1979837251","https://openalex.org/W1995213245","https://openalex.org/W1996126974","https://openalex.org/W2003144438","https://openalex.org/W2015292449","https://openalex.org/W2023695725","https://openalex.org/W2049682927","https://openalex.org/W2055043387","https://openalex.org/W2087060113","https://openalex.org/W2094010958","https://openalex.org/W2095954648","https://openalex.org/W2112404637","https://openalex.org/W2115523108","https://openalex.org/W2121985973","https://openalex.org/W2123975697","https://openalex.org/W2130872776","https://openalex.org/W2136500370","https://openalex.org/W2137503802","https://openalex.org/W2146947112","https://openalex.org/W2158358034","https://openalex.org/W2160948978","https://openalex.org/W2167817115","https://openalex.org/W2264161432","https://openalex.org/W2294792814","https://openalex.org/W4236236547","https://openalex.org/W4247964656","https://openalex.org/W4249852273","https://openalex.org/W4251406017","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6606068945","https://openalex.org/W6632097684","https://openalex.org/W6632814758","https://openalex.org/W6633150385","https://openalex.org/W6633291274","https://openalex.org/W6639422628","https://openalex.org/W6674185395","https://openalex.org/W6682010492"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357256365","https://openalex.org/W2348502264","https://openalex.org/W2365486383","https://openalex.org/W2362059367","https://openalex.org/W2901443725","https://openalex.org/W2350084742","https://openalex.org/W2357988862","https://openalex.org/W1855558850","https://openalex.org/W2353819887","https://openalex.org/W1852677413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays":[0],"scientific":[1,44],"data":[2,29,33,45,50,65,76,82,107,172,183],"is":[3],"inevitably":[4],"digital":[5,41],"and":[6,36,48,144,177,200],"stored":[7],"in":[8,14],"a":[9,40,87,92,100,125,165],"wide":[10],"variety":[11],"of":[12,24,124,159,204],"formats":[13],"heterogeneous":[15,28],"systems.":[16],"Scientists":[17],"need":[18],"to":[19,73,102,105,116,142,152,169,181],"access":[20,170],"an":[21,71,130,145],"integrated":[22],"view":[23,89,133,167],"remote":[25],"or":[26,55,81],"local":[27],"sources":[30,173,184],"with":[31,114,174],"advanced":[32],"accessing,":[34],"analyzing,":[35],"visualization":[37],"tools.":[38],"Building":[39],"library":[42],"for":[43],"requires":[46],"accessing":[47],"manipulating":[49],"extracted":[51],"from":[52,59],"flat":[53,79],"files":[54],"databases,":[56,78],"documents":[57],"retrieved":[58],"the":[60,103,111,117,139,160,179,188,205],"Web":[61],"as":[62,64,185,187,202],"well":[63,186],"generated":[66,83],"by":[67,84],"software.":[68],"We":[69],"present":[70],"approach":[72,161,196],"wrapping":[74],"web":[75],"sources,":[77],"files,":[80],"tools":[85,191],"through":[86],"database":[88],"mechanism.":[90],"Generally,":[91],"wrapper":[93],"has":[94,197],"two":[95,155],"tasks:":[96],"it":[97],"first":[98],"sends":[99],"query":[101],"source":[104,140],"retrieve":[106],"and,":[108],"second":[109],"builds":[110],"expected":[112],"output":[113],"respect":[115],"virtual":[118],"structure.":[119],"Our":[120,195],"wrappers":[121],"are":[122],"composed":[123],"retrieval":[126],"component":[127],"based":[128],"on":[129],"intermediate":[131],"object":[132,212],"mechanism":[134,168],"called":[135],"search":[136],"views":[137],"mapping":[138],"capabilities":[141,176],"attributes,":[143],"eXtensible":[146],"Markup":[147],"Language":[148],"(XML)":[149],"engine,":[150],"respectively,":[151],"perform":[153],"these":[154],"tasks.":[156],"The":[157],"originality":[158],"consists":[162],"of:":[163],"1)":[164],"generic":[166],"seamlessly":[171],"limited":[175],"2)":[178],"ability":[180],"wrap":[182],"useful":[189],"specific":[190],"they":[192],"may":[193],"provide.":[194],"been":[198],"developed":[199],"demonstrated":[201],"part":[203],"multidatabase":[206],"system":[207],"supporting":[208],"queries":[209],"via":[210],"uniform":[211],"protocol":[213],"model":[214],"(OPM)":[215],"interfaces.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}