{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2909242232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.2021.3081189","title":"SPARCs for Unsourced Random Access","display_name":"SPARCs for Unsourced Random Access","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2909242232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.2021.3081189","mag":"2909242232"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.2021.3081189","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.2021.3081189","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.06234","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103261963","display_name":"Alexander Fengler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-2360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Fengler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications and Information Theory Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-2360","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications and Information Theory Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015245862","display_name":"Peter Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7679-9697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications and Information Theory Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","Data Science in Earth Observation, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7679-9697","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications and Information Theory Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science in Earth Observation, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058252389","display_name":"Giuseppe Caire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7749-1333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Caire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications and Information Theory Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7749-1333","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications and Information Theory Group, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9669,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85999107,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"10","first_page":"6894","last_page":"6915"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access","display_name":"Random access","score":0.7964434623718262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.7562735080718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6488999128341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5606243014335632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5502842664718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5490824580192566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5183747410774231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.47819948196411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.417974054813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2967675030231476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.20166349411010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.16455397009849548}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101722063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218825","display_name":"Random access","level":2,"score":0.7964434623718262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.7562735080718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6488999128341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5606243014335632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5502842664718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5490824580192566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5183747410774231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.47819948196411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.417974054813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2967675030231476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.20166349411010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.16455397009849548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.2021.3081189","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.2021.3081189","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1901.06234","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.06234","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.06234","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2909242232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.06234v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1901.06234","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.06234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1901.06234","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.06234","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.06234","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2254861750","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JU2795/3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W112929769","https://openalex.org/W1837352444","https://openalex.org/W1909826856","https://openalex.org/W1965559626","https://openalex.org/W1968160142","https://openalex.org/W1990755770","https://openalex.org/W2000960290","https://openalex.org/W2003564337","https://openalex.org/W2018322127","https://openalex.org/W2037871495","https://openalex.org/W2041863035","https://openalex.org/W2082029531","https://openalex.org/W2090842051","https://openalex.org/W2095247492","https://openalex.org/W2099505289","https://openalex.org/W2101760631","https://openalex.org/W2108659721","https://openalex.org/W2111616148","https://openalex.org/W2114908991","https://openalex.org/W2116394223","https://openalex.org/W2127820195","https://openalex.org/W2136135636","https://openalex.org/W2138358551","https://openalex.org/W2148981728","https://openalex.org/W2150847784","https://openalex.org/W2157638198","https://openalex.org/W2158013409","https://openalex.org/W2160051394","https://openalex.org/W2164902512","https://openalex.org/W2165674820","https://openalex.org/W2166347904","https://openalex.org/W2166670884","https://openalex.org/W2172679141","https://openalex.org/W2238723005","https://openalex.org/W2466557364","https://openalex.org/W2499400668","https://openalex.org/W2550925785","https://openalex.org/W2570804843","https://openalex.org/W2575502539","https://openalex.org/W2610971674","https://openalex.org/W2742359230","https://openalex.org/W2743723736","https://openalex.org/W2747181576","https://openalex.org/W2754872951","https://openalex.org/W2786677024","https://openalex.org/W2797639318","https://openalex.org/W2908241333","https://openalex.org/W2950513899","https://openalex.org/W2951478830","https://openalex.org/W2962919064","https://openalex.org/W2962955012","https://openalex.org/W2963064298","https://openalex.org/W2963128632","https://openalex.org/W2963487846","https://openalex.org/W2963639053","https://openalex.org/W2963765569","https://openalex.org/W2964071011","https://openalex.org/W2974960803","https://openalex.org/W2975261649","https://openalex.org/W2976586224","https://openalex.org/W2981917204","https://openalex.org/W2983008406","https://openalex.org/W2986837634","https://openalex.org/W3023628608","https://openalex.org/W3045817796","https://openalex.org/W3046595859","https://openalex.org/W3081370447","https://openalex.org/W3089248281","https://openalex.org/W3098848552","https://openalex.org/W3099384592","https://openalex.org/W3100706365","https://openalex.org/W3103345129","https://openalex.org/W3103831486","https://openalex.org/W3105033759","https://openalex.org/W3125530803","https://openalex.org/W3133603318","https://openalex.org/W3135158731","https://openalex.org/W4299923321","https://openalex.org/W6604613518","https://openalex.org/W6635532581","https://openalex.org/W6729847528","https://openalex.org/W6773859682"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2742359230","https://openalex.org/W2743723736","https://openalex.org/W3045817796","https://openalex.org/W3010242058","https://openalex.org/W3092103098","https://openalex.org/W2983008406","https://openalex.org/W2993272705","https://openalex.org/W2950513899","https://openalex.org/W3098848552","https://openalex.org/W3046595859","https://openalex.org/W2972648215","https://openalex.org/W2963254516","https://openalex.org/W2786677024","https://openalex.org/W3034927594","https://openalex.org/W3103831486","https://openalex.org/W3081370447","https://openalex.org/W3015990839","https://openalex.org/W2908241333","https://openalex.org/W2082029531","https://openalex.org/W1837352444"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unsourced":[0],"random-access":[1],"(U-RA)":[2],"is":[3,46,73,89],"a":[4,11,20,56,68,101,117,131,149,161,230],"type":[5],"of":[6,15,17,43,51,104,121,125,130,157,164],"grant-free":[7],"random":[8],"access":[9],"with":[10,236],"virtually":[12],"unlimited":[13],"number":[14,22,163],"users,":[16],"which":[18,67],"only":[19],"certain":[21],"K":[23,179],"<sub":[24,180,186,190],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[25,181,187,191],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">a</sub>":[26,182,192],"are":[27],"active":[28,165],"on":[29,62],"the":[30,37,41,44,49,63,93,97,105,122,126,141,155,171,203,215,219,225,237],"same":[31,38],"time":[32],"slot.":[33],"Users":[34],"employ":[35],"exactly":[36],"codebook,":[39],"and":[40,115,129,160],"task":[42],"receiver":[45],"to":[47,79,91,170,202,213,228],"decode":[48],"list":[50],"transmitted":[52],"messages.":[53],"We":[54,99],"present":[55],"concatenated":[57,142],"coding":[58],"construction":[59,143],"for":[60,218],"U-RA":[61],"AWGN":[64],"channel,":[65],"in":[66,96,154],"sparse":[69],"regression":[70],"code":[71,78,88,222],"(SPARC)":[72],"used":[74,90],"as":[75,111,176,178],"an":[76,81,86,112,210],"inner":[77,113,134,220],"create":[80],"effective":[82],"outer":[83,87],"OR-channel.":[84],"Then":[85],"resolve":[92],"multiple-access":[94],"interference":[95],"OR-MAC.":[98],"propose":[100],"modified":[102],"version":[103],"approximate":[106],"message":[107],"passing":[108],"(AMP)":[109],"algorithm":[110,212],"decoder":[114,128],"give":[116,209],"precise":[118],"asymptotic":[119],"analysis":[120,138],"error":[123,152,234],"probabilities":[124],"AMP":[127,238],"hypothetical":[132],"optimal":[133,145],"MAP":[135],"decoder.":[136,239],"This":[137,194],"shows":[139],"that":[140,223],"under":[144],"decoding":[146],"can":[147],"achieve":[148,229],"vanishing":[150],"per-user":[151,233],"probability":[153,235],"limit":[156],"large":[158,162],"blocklength":[159],"users":[166],"at":[167],"sum-rates":[168],"up":[169],"symmetric":[172],"Shannon":[173],"capacity,":[174],"i.e.":[175],"long":[177],"R":[183],"<;":[184],"0.5log":[185],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sub>":[188],"(1+K":[189],"SNR).":[193],"extends":[195],"previous":[196],"point-to-point":[197],"optimality":[198],"results":[199],"about":[200],"SPARCs":[201],"unsourced":[204],"multiuser":[205],"scenario.":[206],"Furthermore,":[207],"we":[208],"optimization":[211],"find":[214],"power":[216],"allocation":[217],"SPARC":[221],"minimizes":[224],"SNR":[226],"required":[227],"given":[231],"target":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}