{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073186106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.2012.2195711","title":"Analysis and Design of Tuned Turbo Codes","display_name":"Analysis and Design of Tuned Turbo Codes","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073186106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.2012.2195711","mag":"2073186106"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.2012.2195711","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.2012.2195711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1010.5278","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059543924","display_name":"Christian Koller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Koller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014522913","display_name":"Alexandre Graell i Amat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-869X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandre Graell i Amat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021311010","display_name":"J\u00f6rg Kliewer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0942-8006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10052268","display_name":"New Mexico State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorg Kliewer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075301232","display_name":"F. Vatta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4105-8084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142444530","display_name":"University of Trieste","ror":"https://ror.org/02n742c10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142444530"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Vatta","raw_affiliation_strings":["DI3, Universit\u00e0 di Trieste, Trieste, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DI3, Universit\u00e0 di Trieste, Trieste, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142444530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018210085","display_name":"Kamil Sh. Zigangirov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107660","display_name":"Institute for Information Transmission Problems","ror":"https://ror.org/013w2d378","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107660"]}],"countries":["RU","SE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamil Sh Zigangirov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA","Department of Electrical and Information Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","Institute for Problems of Information Transmission, Moscow, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Problems of Information Transmission, Moscow, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089062454","display_name":"Daniel J. Costello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4387-116X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel J. Costello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2492,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82022708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"7","first_page":"4796","last_page":"4813"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo-code","display_name":"Turbo code","score":0.7448310852050781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.6763575077056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6520782709121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-code","display_name":"Hamming code","score":0.6168113946914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lambda","display_name":"Lambda","score":0.5628753900527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5243787169456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5214421153068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-distance","display_name":"Hamming distance","score":0.5115116834640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.5012209415435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.48915722966194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.4715818464756012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4601934254169464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-code","display_name":"Linear code","score":0.44176873564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-rate","display_name":"Code rate","score":0.44012072682380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-of-convergence","display_name":"Rate of convergence","score":0.4236252009868622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3476361632347107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.31668370962142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.23422971367835999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1776341199874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0874926745891571}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114504821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164281","display_name":"Turbo code","level":3,"score":0.7448310852050781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.6763575077056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6520782709121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73150493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853922","display_name":"Hamming code","level":4,"score":0.6168113946914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778113609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10897","display_name":"Lambda","level":2,"score":0.5628753900527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5243787169456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5214421153068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193319292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272172","display_name":"Hamming distance","level":2,"score":0.5115116834640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.5012209415435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.48915722966194153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.4715818464756012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4601934254169464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2400350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752667","display_name":"Linear code","level":4,"score":0.44176873564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206468330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834373","display_name":"Code rate","level":3,"score":0.44012072682380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57869625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783502","display_name":"Rate of convergence","level":3,"score":0.4236252009868622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3476361632347107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31668370962142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.23422971367835999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1776341199874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0874926745891571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.2012.2195711","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.2012.2195711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1010.5278","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1010.5278","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1010.5278","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1018.1571","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1018.1571","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/160415/local_160415.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.752.779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.752.779","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1010.5278.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arts.units.it:11368/2634772","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2634772","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402362","display_name":"ArTS Archivio della ricerca di Trieste (University of Trieste https://www.units.it/)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142444530","host_organization_name":"University of Trieste","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142444530"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:c4b271ce-8569-479b-9963-d0649c450ee5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/2883884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 0018-9448","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:160415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/160415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1010.5278","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1010.5278","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1010.5278","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7587336293","display_name":"LOW LATENCY CODE DESIGN FOR SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS:","funder_award_id":"NNX09AI66G","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321030","display_name":"VINNOVA","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd5m353"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W107855238","https://openalex.org/W147465018","https://openalex.org/W1522365653","https://openalex.org/W1578541505","https://openalex.org/W1588943481","https://openalex.org/W1667880265","https://openalex.org/W1758104363","https://openalex.org/W1993508000","https://openalex.org/W2011891413","https://openalex.org/W2040058068","https://openalex.org/W2068045918","https://openalex.org/W2098312120","https://openalex.org/W2101394529","https://openalex.org/W2117828856","https://openalex.org/W2119814353","https://openalex.org/W2120453631","https://openalex.org/W2120647302","https://openalex.org/W2121606987","https://openalex.org/W2123224804","https://openalex.org/W2124557573","https://openalex.org/W2128372030","https://openalex.org/W2128765501","https://openalex.org/W2130012900","https://openalex.org/W2133564745","https://openalex.org/W2137813581","https://openalex.org/W2144420452","https://openalex.org/W2144893103","https://openalex.org/W2150212378","https://openalex.org/W2156598181","https://openalex.org/W2159676920","https://openalex.org/W2160847835","https://openalex.org/W2161986283","https://openalex.org/W2165921370","https://openalex.org/W2171574043","https://openalex.org/W2987657883","https://openalex.org/W3100060703","https://openalex.org/W3125301056","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300188436","https://openalex.org/W6604431139","https://openalex.org/W6605892194","https://openalex.org/W6634276419","https://openalex.org/W6684036982"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943247777","https://openalex.org/W2740543340","https://openalex.org/W2371167013","https://openalex.org/W1582340598","https://openalex.org/W1541021634","https://openalex.org/W2460434904","https://openalex.org/W2125647673","https://openalex.org/W2125814644","https://openalex.org/W2079312464","https://openalex.org/W1580452828"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"has":[1],"been":[2],"widely":[3],"observed":[4],"that":[5,37],"there":[6],"exists":[7],"a":[8,80,192],"fundamental":[9],"tradeoff":[10],"between":[11],"the":[12,18,35,74,131,156,163,171,179],"minimum":[13,39,91,133,158],"(Hamming)":[14],"distance":[15,40,92,134,159],"properties":[16],"and":[17,48,97,113,169],"iterative":[19,143],"decoding":[20,144],"convergence":[21,95,145,167],"behavior":[22,195],"of":[23,76,82,165],"turbo-like":[24],"codes.":[25],"While":[26],"capacity-achieving":[27],"code":[28,87,98,172,202],"ensembles":[29],"typically":[30],"are":[31],"asymptotically":[32,59,83],"bad":[33],"in":[34,139],"sense":[36],"their":[38],"does":[41],"not":[42],"grow":[43],"linearly":[44],"with":[45],"block":[46],"length,":[47],"they":[49],"therefore":[50],"exhibit":[51],"an":[52],"error":[53],"floor":[54],"at":[55,162],"moderate-to-high":[56],"signal-to-noise":[57],"ratios,":[58],"good":[60,84],"codes":[61],"usually":[62],"converge":[63],"further":[64],"away":[65],"from":[66],"channel":[67],"capacity.":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70],"paper,":[71],"we":[72],"introduce":[73],"concept":[75],"tuned":[77,176],"turbo":[78],"codes,":[79],"family":[81],"hybrid":[85],"concatenated":[86],"ensembles,":[88],"where":[89],"asymptotic":[90,132,157],"growth":[93,135,160],"rates,":[94],"thresholds,":[96],"rates":[99],"can":[100,174,196],"be":[101,175,197],"tradedoff":[102],"using":[103],"two":[104],"tuning":[105,194],"parameters:":[106],"<formula":[107,114,123,149,184],"formulatype=\"inline\"":[108,115,124,150,185],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[109,116,125,151,186],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex":[110,117,152],"Notation=\"TeX\">$\\lambda":[111,128,153],"$</tex></formula>":[112,119,129,154,190],"Notation=\"TeX\">$\\mu":[118,189],".":[120],"By":[121,182],"decreasing":[122,183],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[126,187],"<tex":[127,188],",":[130,191],"rate":[136,161,201],"is":[137],"reduced":[138],"exchange":[140],"for":[141,199],"improved":[142],"behavior,":[146,168],"while":[147],"increasing":[148],"raises":[155],"expense":[164],"worse":[166],"thus,":[170],"performance":[173],"to":[177],"fit":[178],"desired":[180],"application.":[181],"similar":[193],"achieved":[198],"higher":[200],"ensembles.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}