{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029226988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1980.1056136","title":"Deliberate noise in a modern cryptographic system (Corresp.)","display_name":"Deliberate noise in a modern cryptographic system (Corresp.)","publication_year":1980,"publication_date":"1980-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029226988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1980.1056136","mag":"2029226988"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.1980.1056136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1980.1056136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112820385","display_name":"M. Willett","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35777872","display_name":"North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02aze4h65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Willett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","Mathematics Department, North Carolina State University, Greensboro, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics Department, North Carolina State University, Greensboro, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872","https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112820385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I35777872","https://openalex.org/I51556381"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16846473,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"102","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptosystem","display_name":"Cryptosystem","score":0.7286893129348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.67148756980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6547026634216309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5760853290557861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.568425178527832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.49647337198257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.47731146216392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptosystem","display_name":"Public key cryptosystem","score":0.46146896481513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4481201171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.239268958568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16383713483810425}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6295992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q976521","display_name":"Cryptosystem","level":3,"score":0.7286893129348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.67148756980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6547026634216309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5760853290557861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.568425178527832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.49647337198257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.47731146216392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984195096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public key cryptosystem","level":4,"score":0.46146896481513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4481201171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.239268958568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16383713483810425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.1980.1056136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1980.1056136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W633976558","https://openalex.org/W1996360405","https://openalex.org/W2101365840","https://openalex.org/W2106287110","https://openalex.org/W2133087726","https://openalex.org/W2156186849","https://openalex.org/W2401610261","https://openalex.org/W2986959318","https://openalex.org/W4232836212","https://openalex.org/W4255193012"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1806453146","https://openalex.org/W2365427741","https://openalex.org/W2029021368","https://openalex.org/W2117789208","https://openalex.org/W4232705780","https://openalex.org/W1553510179","https://openalex.org/W2077900604","https://openalex.org/W2157130609","https://openalex.org/W807354026","https://openalex.org/W2100244348"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Methods":[0],"for":[1],"incorporating":[2],"deliberate":[3],"noise":[4],"into":[5],"classical":[6],"or":[7],"public":[8],"key":[9],"cryptosystems":[10],"are":[11],"discussed.":[12]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
