{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2098929938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1966.1053861","title":"Coding for a class of unknown channels","display_name":"Coding for a class of unknown channels","publication_year":1966,"publication_date":"1966-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2098929938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1966.1053861","mag":"2098929938"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.1966.1053861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1966.1053861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042845746","display_name":"I. Stiglitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. Stiglitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA","Lincoln Laboratory - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln Laboratory - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042845746"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2494,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94183445,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"2","first_page":"189","last_page":"195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7144308090209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.6348906755447388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6246128678321838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-of-error","display_name":"Probability of error","score":0.597661554813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5717785358428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5694357752799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.5563936829566956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-code","display_name":"Channel code","score":0.5236594080924988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.5085920095443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5013821125030518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.42540451884269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.41139698028564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4079473316669464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4032113552093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.39081138372421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.36966168880462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.33970290422439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3276210427284241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.24469104409217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.1908465325832367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08020693063735962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7144308090209961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.6348906755447388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6246128678321838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92224547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1673216","display_name":"Probability of error","level":2,"score":0.597661554813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5717785358428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5694357752799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.5563936829566956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166366890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q602136","display_name":"Channel code","level":3,"score":0.5236594080924988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.5085920095443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5013821125030518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42540451884269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41139698028564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4079473316669464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4032113552093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.39081138372421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.36966168880462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.33970290422439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3276210427284241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24469104409217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.1908465325832367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08020693063735962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.1966.1053861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1966.1053861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978910765","https://openalex.org/W1989102762","https://openalex.org/W1993944611","https://openalex.org/W1997176148","https://openalex.org/W2014985021","https://openalex.org/W2030243808","https://openalex.org/W2034274945","https://openalex.org/W2059944969","https://openalex.org/W2064759901","https://openalex.org/W2264297261","https://openalex.org/W2315690892","https://openalex.org/W3138350084","https://openalex.org/W3216147140","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300906761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105310134","https://openalex.org/W2964140842","https://openalex.org/W2159839902","https://openalex.org/W1511416300","https://openalex.org/W2087060975","https://openalex.org/W2804347328","https://openalex.org/W1968724537","https://openalex.org/W2112407231","https://openalex.org/W2156187609","https://openalex.org/W1984703306"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"channel":[1],"which":[2,68],"is":[3,24,66],"selected":[4],"for":[5,60,72,81],"each":[6],"use":[7],"(without":[8],"knowledge":[9,42],"of":[10,16,20,43,63],"past":[11],"history)":[12],"to":[13,25,39],"be":[14,26],"one":[15],"a":[17],"given":[18],"set":[19],"discrete":[21],"memoryless":[22],"channels":[23,46],"used":[27],"by":[28],"an":[29,51],"ignorant":[30],"communicator,":[31],"i.e.,":[32],"the":[33,44,55],"transmitter":[34],"and":[35],"receiver":[36],"are":[37,85],"assumed":[38],"have":[40],"no":[41],"particular":[45],"selected.":[47],"For":[48],"this":[49],"situation":[50],"upper":[52],"bound":[53],"on":[54],"insurable":[56],"average":[57],"error":[58],"probability":[59],"block":[61],"codes":[62],"length":[64],"n":[65],"obtained":[67],"exponentially":[69],"approaches":[70],"zero":[71],"all":[73],"rates":[74],"less":[75],"than":[76],"capacity.":[77],"Communication":[78],"design":[79],"techniques":[80],"achieving":[82],"these":[83],"results":[84],"discussed.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}