{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134390549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1956.1056827","title":"Optimum detection of random signals in noise, with application to scatter-multipath communication--I","display_name":"Optimum detection of random signals in noise, with application to scatter-multipath communication--I","publication_year":1956,"publication_date":"1956-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134390549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1956.1056827","mag":"2134390549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.1956.1056827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1956.1056827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045318251","display_name":"Robert M. Price","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6603-9168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Price","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lincoln Laboratory, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA, USA","[Lincoln Laboratory, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lincoln Laboratory, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Lincoln Laboratory, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045318251"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.0279,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":127,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99165508,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"125","last_page":"135"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10968","display_name":"Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9556000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6600955724716187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.6330407857894897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.5672463774681091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matched-filter","display_name":"Matched filter","score":0.5539216995239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.5510761737823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-noise","display_name":"Gaussian noise","score":0.5454098582267761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-theory","display_name":"Detection theory","score":0.5333072543144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5293256640434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.519686758518219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.5073606371879578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.48480120301246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.46255722641944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-noise","display_name":"White noise","score":0.43469446897506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wiener-filter","display_name":"Wiener filter","score":0.43296176195144653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.419197678565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.405905157327652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22116056084632874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.19601306319236755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16191399097442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09389787912368774}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6600955724716187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.6330407857894897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5672463774681091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50151734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759577","display_name":"Matched filter","level":3,"score":0.5539216995239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.5510761737823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.5454098582267761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137270730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120811","display_name":"Detection theory","level":3,"score":0.5333072543144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5293256640434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.519686758518219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5073606371879578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.48480120301246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.46255722641944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.43469446897506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18537770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25523","display_name":"Wiener filter","level":2,"score":0.43296176195144653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.419197678565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.405905157327652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22116056084632874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19601306319236755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16191399097442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09389787912368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.1956.1056827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1956.1056827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4502562","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","issn_l":"0018-9448","issn":["0018-9448","1557-9654"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W211593279","https://openalex.org/W1489074968","https://openalex.org/W1590583843","https://openalex.org/W1967894401","https://openalex.org/W1985922674","https://openalex.org/W2000149900","https://openalex.org/W2007223667","https://openalex.org/W2015978804","https://openalex.org/W2034205863","https://openalex.org/W2044144205","https://openalex.org/W2048141673","https://openalex.org/W2049917002","https://openalex.org/W2076418711","https://openalex.org/W2076764958","https://openalex.org/W2081697030","https://openalex.org/W2085219237","https://openalex.org/W2085610389","https://openalex.org/W2095683621","https://openalex.org/W2114509411","https://openalex.org/W2114661361","https://openalex.org/W2161818537","https://openalex.org/W2166006052","https://openalex.org/W2168822737","https://openalex.org/W2169347775","https://openalex.org/W3142915818","https://openalex.org/W3147179697","https://openalex.org/W4230965853","https://openalex.org/W4244413403"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1911817635","https://openalex.org/W2810224748","https://openalex.org/W2353656796","https://openalex.org/W2011915004","https://openalex.org/W2074565401","https://openalex.org/W1607924090","https://openalex.org/W1967187784","https://openalex.org/W2242778450","https://openalex.org/W1974075201","https://openalex.org/W1579171264"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Solutions":[0],"are":[1,142],"obtained":[2],"in":[3,58,128,137,152],"open":[4],"form":[5,60],"for":[6,157],"the":[7,22,38,78,87,105,112,122,149,158],"optimum,":[8],"probability-computing":[9,150],"detector":[10,151],"of":[11,49,114,121,148,160],"either":[12],"Gaussian":[13,31],"signals,":[14],"or":[15],"known":[16],"signals":[17,23],"transmitted":[18],"via":[19],"scatter-paths,":[20],"where":[21],"have":[24,134],"been":[25,63,135],"further":[26],"perturbed":[27],"by":[28,47],"additive":[29],"white":[30],"noise.":[32],"The":[33,144],"optimum":[34,88,106,119,154],"receiver":[35,107],"operates":[36],"on":[37],"received":[39],"waveforms":[40],"with":[41,117],"filter-functions":[42,79],"and":[43,51,139,146],"biasing":[44],"constants":[45],"determined":[46],"pairs":[48],"inhomogeneous":[50],"homogeneous":[52],"integral":[53],"equations,":[54],"respectively.":[55],"General":[56],"solution":[57,85,131],"closed":[59],"has":[61],"not":[62],"obtained,":[64],"but":[65],"it":[66],"is":[67,132,163],"possible":[68,133],"to":[69,165],"draw":[70],"a":[71,96,103,115,166],"few":[72],"broad":[73],"conclusions,":[74],"among":[75],"them":[76],"that":[77],"can":[80],"be":[81,109],"physically":[82],"realizable.":[83],"Approximate":[84],"(for":[86],"scatter-path":[89],"receiver)":[90],"at":[91],"small":[92],"signal-to-noise":[93],"ratios":[94],"yields":[95],"block":[97],"diagram":[98],"having":[99],"interesting":[100],"implications.":[101],"For":[102],"single-scatter-path,":[104],"may":[108],"interpreted":[110],"as":[111],"combination":[113],"correlator":[116],"an":[118,153],"estimator":[120],"Wiener":[123],"type.":[124],"Certain":[125],"special":[126],"cases":[127],"which":[129],"complete":[130],"investigated":[136],"detail,":[138],"appropriate":[140],"curves":[141],"presented.":[143],"role":[145],"performance":[147],"decision-making":[155],"receiver,":[156],"types":[159],"channels":[161],"considered,":[162],"deferred":[164],"companion":[167],"paper.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}