{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169791075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1953.1188560","title":"Theory of radar information","display_name":"Theory of radar information","publication_year":1953,"publication_date":"1953-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169791075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1953.1188560","mag":"2169791075"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.1953.1188560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1953.1188560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187304","display_name":"Transactions of the IRE Professional Group on Information Theory","issn_l":"2168-2690","issn":["2168-2690","2168-2704"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the IRE Professional Group on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068357427","display_name":"P.M. Woodward","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Woodward","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068357427"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.0556,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98540146,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"108","last_page":"113"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9061999917030334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9061999917030334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.7218065857887268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6213964223861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligibility","display_name":"Intelligibility (philosophy)","score":0.5759961009025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-systems","display_name":"Radar systems","score":0.5393604636192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-theory","display_name":"Information theory","score":0.5032777190208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.47506827116012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4721622169017792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideal","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","score":0.42806294560432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.42187976837158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.39845696091651917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3940119743347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3290497064590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3103930354118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.20614486932754517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17798537015914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.08528509736061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.07602673768997192}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.7218065857887268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6213964223861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1433889","display_name":"Intelligibility (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5759961009025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984296375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar systems","level":3,"score":0.5393604636192322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131222","display_name":"Information theory","level":2,"score":0.5032777190208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.47506827116012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4721622169017792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840396","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","level":2,"score":0.42806294560432434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.42187976837158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.39845696091651917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3940119743347168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3290497064590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3103930354118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.20614486932754517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17798537015914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08528509736061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.07602673768997192}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tit.1953.1188560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tit.1953.1188560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187304","display_name":"Transactions of the IRE Professional Group on Information Theory","issn_l":"2168-2690","issn":["2168-2690","2168-2704"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the IRE Professional Group on Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2047410396","https://openalex.org/W2135479785","https://openalex.org/W2169791075","https://openalex.org/W2973818247","https://openalex.org/W4252713891","https://openalex.org/W6682747227"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2590472383","https://openalex.org/W2383873009","https://openalex.org/W2393580911","https://openalex.org/W2212184297","https://openalex.org/W3156456913","https://openalex.org/W2390945180","https://openalex.org/W2394052932","https://openalex.org/W2350360626","https://openalex.org/W2737552886","https://openalex.org/W3207130397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radar":[0,116],"is":[1,11,59,75,97,114,125,135,149,157,165,173,177,197],"a":[2,66,95,104,110,119,205],"system":[3,41],"of":[4,37,79,92,94,107,146,188,204],"measurement":[5],"rather":[6],"than":[7],"communication,":[8],"yet":[9],"it":[10,81,124],"quite":[12,143],"possible":[13],"to":[14,18,22,126,131,185,201],"apply":[15],"information":[16,34,155,171],"theory":[17],"it,":[19],"in":[20,76,140,152,168],"order":[21],"see":[23],"whetherc":[24],"the":[25,44,77,89,154,160,170,194,202],"very":[26,55],"small":[27],"received":[28],"signals":[29],"inherently":[30],"contain":[31],"as":[32,35],"much":[33],"those":[36],"an":[38],"ideal":[39,195],"communication":[40,206],"working":[42],"at":[43],"same":[45],"signal-to-noise":[46],"ratio":[47],"(SNR).":[48],"It":[49,134,179],"turns":[50],"out":[51,86],"that":[52,87,128,137,183],"they":[53],"do,":[54],"nearly,":[56],"but":[57,175],"this":[58,70,127],"not":[60,198],"r":[61],"eally":[62],"what":[63],"makes":[64],"radar":[65,141],"suitable":[67],"topic":[68],"for":[69],"symposium.":[71],"The":[72],"main":[73],"interest":[74],"type":[78],"coding":[80],"represents.":[82],"Shannon":[83],"has":[84],"pointed":[85],"when":[88],"natural":[90],"number":[91],"dimensions":[93],"message":[96],"artificially":[98],"increased":[99],"by":[100],"mapping":[101],"non-topologically":[102],"into":[103],"signal":[105],"space":[106],"higher":[108],"dimensions,":[109],"marked":[111],"threshold":[112,120],"effect":[113],"produced.":[115],"exhibits":[117],"such":[118],"particularly":[121],"well":[122],"and":[123,159,163,190],"I":[129],"wish":[130],"direct":[132],"attention.":[133],"seen":[136],"there":[138,164],"are":[139],"two":[142],"different":[144],"conditions":[145],"reception.":[147],"There":[148],"ambiguous":[150],"reception":[151,167],"which":[153,169],"rate":[156,172],"high":[158],"intelligibility":[161,176],"low,":[162],"unambiguous":[166],"low":[174],"high.":[178],"would":[180],"therefore":[181],"appear":[182],"merely":[184],"evaluate":[186],"quantities":[187],"information,":[189],"compare":[191],"them":[192],"with":[193],"limits":[196],"adequate":[199],"guide":[200],"behavior":[203],"system.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}