{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417051815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3637729","title":"WMRNet: Wavelet Mamba With Reversible Structure for Infrared Small Target Detection","display_name":"WMRNet: Wavelet Mamba With Reversible Structure for Infrared Small Target Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417051815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3637729","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41348792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2025.3637729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3637729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101464703","display_name":"Mingjin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1473-9784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingjin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077013178","display_name":"Xiaolong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-8322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100709305","display_name":"Jie Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6223-5492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111347458","display_name":"Yunsong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0234-6270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunsong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101313930","display_name":"Xinbo Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7985-0037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinbo Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101464703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46324652,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"8229","last_page":"8242"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9563999772071838,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9563999772071838,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12304","display_name":"Radiative Heat Transfer Studies","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.7294999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aliasing","display_name":"Aliasing","score":0.717199981212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.5372999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-wavelet-transform","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.45010000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.44029998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.37860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared","display_name":"Infrared","score":0.36980000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.7294999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4069607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868732","display_name":"Aliasing","level":3,"score":0.717199981212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6141999959945679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.5372999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46286280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414958","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","level":4,"score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.45010000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44029998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.37860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.36980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73339587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1375942","display_name":"Stationary wavelet transform","level":5,"score":0.36059999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.3560999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155777637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2736187","display_name":"Wavelet packet decomposition","level":4,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3296999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111350171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7443700","display_name":"Second-generation wavelet transform","level":5,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C288623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679800","display_name":"Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling theorem","level":2,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.2524000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106430172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002272","display_name":"Image restoration","level":4,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2025.3637729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3637729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41348792","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41348792","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3221460277","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92470108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6976320768","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272363","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1677182931","https://openalex.org/W1978993121","https://openalex.org/W1992873714","https://openalex.org/W2006178619","https://openalex.org/W2006851788","https://openalex.org/W2041560658","https://openalex.org/W2044760503","https://openalex.org/W2101946599","https://openalex.org/W2146103513","https://openalex.org/W2544366167","https://openalex.org/W2604768956","https://openalex.org/W2734349601","https://openalex.org/W2780449407","https://openalex.org/W2900678331","https://openalex.org/W2909682455","https://openalex.org/W2912047432","https://openalex.org/W2912919760","https://openalex.org/W3010079414","https://openalex.org/W3039443125","https://openalex.org/W3088317060","https://openalex.org/W3092404985","https://openalex.org/W3118249006","https://openalex.org/W3118934234","https://openalex.org/W3124866053","https://openalex.org/W3171950886","https://openalex.org/W3185980597","https://openalex.org/W4224307186","https://openalex.org/W4226043641","https://openalex.org/W4304084055","https://openalex.org/W4304092528","https://openalex.org/W4313065862","https://openalex.org/W4313506322","https://openalex.org/W4313855945","https://openalex.org/W4313855947","https://openalex.org/W4362500629","https://openalex.org/W4386090436","https://openalex.org/W4386158777","https://openalex.org/W4390488574","https://openalex.org/W4393148032","https://openalex.org/W4395069610","https://openalex.org/W4400314904","https://openalex.org/W4402733568","https://openalex.org/W4404177154","https://openalex.org/W4411245185","https://openalex.org/W4413145464","https://openalex.org/W4414243662"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Infrared":[0],"small":[1,39,71,90],"target":[2,91,165],"detection":[3,92],"(IRSTD)":[4],"is":[5],"of":[6,99,134],"great":[7],"practical":[8],"significance":[9],"in":[10,31,93],"many":[11],"real-world":[12],"applications,":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15],"maritime":[16],"rescue":[17],"and":[18,26,34,106,182,197],"early":[19],"warning":[20],"systems,":[21],"benefiting":[22],"from":[23,41,177],"the":[24,42,48,57,60,117,131,164,178,194,202,206],"unique":[25],"excellent":[27],"infrared":[28,89],"imaging":[29],"ability":[30],"adverse":[32],"weather":[33],"low-light":[35],"conditions.":[36],"Nevertheless,":[37],"segmenting":[38],"targets":[40],"background":[43,152],"remains":[44],"a":[45,79,100,107,135,146,188],"challenge.":[46],"When":[47],"subsampling":[49],"frequency":[50,142],"during":[51],"image":[52],"processing":[53],"does":[54],"not":[55],"satisfy":[56],"Nyquist":[58],"criterion,":[59],"aliasing":[61,160],"effect":[62],"occurs,":[63],"which":[64,167],"makes":[65],"it":[66],"extremely":[67],"difficult":[68],"to":[69,121,157],"identify":[70],"targets.":[72],"To":[73],"address":[74],"this":[75,94,128],"challenge,":[76],"we":[77],"propose":[78],"novel":[80],"Wavelet":[81,102,119],"Mamba":[82,103],"with":[83,171],"Reversible":[84,112],"Structure":[85],"Network":[86],"(WMRNet)":[87],"for":[88],"paper.":[95],"Specifically,":[96],"WMRNet":[97,204],"consists":[98],"Discrete":[101,118],"(DW-Mamba)":[104],"module":[105],"Third-order":[108],"Difference":[109],"Equation":[110],"guided":[111],"(TDE-Rev)":[113],"structure.":[114,190],"DW-Mamba":[115],"employs":[116],"Transform":[120],"decompose":[122],"images":[123],"into":[124,130],"multiple":[125],"subbands,":[126],"integrating":[127],"information":[129],"state":[132,136],"equations":[133,181],"space":[137],"model.":[138],"This":[139],"method":[140],"minimizes":[141],"interference":[143],"while":[144],"preserving":[145],"global":[147],"perspective,":[148],"thereby":[149],"effectively":[150],"reducing":[151],"aliasing.":[153],"The":[154],"TDE-Rev":[155],"aims":[156],"suppress":[158],"edge":[159],"effects":[161],"by":[162],"refining":[163],"edges,":[166],"first":[168],"processes":[169],"features":[170],"an":[172],"explicit":[173],"neural":[174],"structure":[175],"derived":[176],"second-order":[179],"difference":[180],"then":[183],"promotes":[184],"feature":[185],"interactions":[186],"through":[187],"reversible":[189],"Extensive":[191],"experiments":[192],"on":[193],"public":[195],"IRSTD-1k":[196],"SIRST":[198],"datasets":[199],"demonstrate":[200],"that":[201],"proposed":[203],"outperforms":[205],"state-of-the-art":[207],"methods.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-12-05T00:00:00"}
