{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414491162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3611178","title":"PCE-GAN: A Generative Adversarial Network for Point Cloud Attribute Quality Enhancement Based on Optimal Transport","display_name":"PCE-GAN: A Generative Adversarial Network for Point Cloud Attribute Quality Enhancement Based on Optimal Transport","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414491162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3611178","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40986590"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2025.3611178","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3611178","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tian Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-4605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tian Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-4605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071576848","display_name":"Hui Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-3393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-3393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100666055","display_name":"Qi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-9962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108688024","display_name":"Qingdao University","ror":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-9962","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090224500","display_name":"Honglei Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6144-4930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108688024","display_name":"Qingdao University","ror":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Honglei Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6144-4930","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025449942","display_name":"Raouf Hamzaoui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6699-7331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","display_name":"De Montfort University","ror":"https://ror.org/0312pnr83","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raouf Hamzaoui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6699-7331","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008386708","display_name":"Sam Kwong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-7261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165488957","display_name":"Lingnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0563pg902","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165488957"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam Kwong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing and Decision Science, Lingnan University, Tuen mun, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-7261","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing and Decision Science, Lingnan University, Tuen mun, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165488957"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9902,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93764812,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"6138","last_page":"6151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.8536999821662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminator","display_name":"Discriminator","score":0.47870001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.43549999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.4049000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3903000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.375900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.3686000108718872}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.8536999821662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6715999841690063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5098999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779803651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282088","display_name":"Discriminator","level":3,"score":0.47870001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.43549999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.4049000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40209999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3903000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.375900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.3686000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.36079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.35989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.35989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24881265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757267","display_name":"Voronoi diagram","level":2,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2025.3611178","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2025.3611178","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40986590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40986590","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2034809489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2022ZD38","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2131809844","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62571303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3025926847","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172259","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7501441834","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"tsqn202103001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326189","funder_display_name":"Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G866893905","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62311530104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8737991249","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62222110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8844589970","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G2023150003L","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336644","funder_display_name":"High-end Foreign Experts Recruitment Plan of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326189","display_name":"Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336644","display_name":"High-end Foreign Experts Recruitment Plan of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982471090","https://openalex.org/W2017812570","https://openalex.org/W2024849762","https://openalex.org/W2114582993","https://openalex.org/W2129644086","https://openalex.org/W2133251102","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2162692770","https://openalex.org/W2169618946","https://openalex.org/W2415653907","https://openalex.org/W2514632823","https://openalex.org/W2735418187","https://openalex.org/W2768814045","https://openalex.org/W2796431263","https://openalex.org/W2905544027","https://openalex.org/W2988447441","https://openalex.org/W2997337685","https://openalex.org/W3026802938","https://openalex.org/W3087934642","https://openalex.org/W3142798943","https://openalex.org/W3183144290","https://openalex.org/W3203197903","https://openalex.org/W3206251148","https://openalex.org/W3211374646","https://openalex.org/W3216006369","https://openalex.org/W4214755140","https://openalex.org/W4225014220","https://openalex.org/W4294982700","https://openalex.org/W4297330280","https://openalex.org/W4310591442","https://openalex.org/W4322495214","https://openalex.org/W4364353956","https://openalex.org/W4365482891","https://openalex.org/W4372266977","https://openalex.org/W4384519504","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4387967992","https://openalex.org/W4388018819","https://openalex.org/W4388519997","https://openalex.org/W4388711634","https://openalex.org/W4389331828","https://openalex.org/W4390534472","https://openalex.org/W4391342698","https://openalex.org/W4392173736","https://openalex.org/W4392694010","https://openalex.org/W4392904085","https://openalex.org/W4392979609","https://openalex.org/W4393149036","https://openalex.org/W4399452735","https://openalex.org/W4402571450","https://openalex.org/W4409311608","https://openalex.org/W4410294560","https://openalex.org/W4412567562"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Point":[0],"cloud":[1,53,159,192],"compression":[2,193],"significantly":[3],"reduces":[4],"data":[5,69],"volume":[6],"but":[7],"sacrifices":[8],"reconstruction":[9],"quality,":[10],"highlighting":[11],"the":[12,29,37,63,124,149,152,156,161,166,177,188,206,214],"need":[13],"for":[14,51],"advanced":[15],"quality":[16,33,54,171],"enhancement":[17,55],"techniques.":[18],"Most":[19],"existing":[20],"approaches":[21],"focus":[22],"primarily":[23],"on":[24,115],"point-to-point":[25],"fidelity,":[26],"often":[27],"neglecting":[28],"importance":[30],"of":[31,65,77,127,155,202],"perceptual":[32,72],"as":[34],"interpreted":[35],"by":[36],"human":[38],"visual":[39],"system.":[40],"To":[41],"address":[42],"this":[43],"issue,":[44],"we":[45],"propose":[46],"a":[47,78,84,91,103,138,221],"generative":[48],"adversarial":[49],"network":[50],"point":[52,158,163,191],"(PCE-GAN),":[56],"grounded":[57],"in":[58,224],"optimal":[59],"transport":[60],"theory,":[61],"with":[62,117,205,213],"goal":[64],"simultaneously":[66],"optimizing":[67],"both":[68],"fidelity":[70],"and":[71,90,102,136,160,210,227,233],"quality.":[73],"The":[74,95,120,146],"generator":[75,167],"consists":[76],"local":[79,110,134],"feature":[80,92],"extraction":[81],"(LFE)":[82],"unit,":[83],"global":[85,144],"spatial":[86],"correlation":[87],"(GSC)":[88],"unit":[89,97,122],"squeeze":[93],"unit.":[94],"LFE":[96],"uses":[98,123],"dynamic":[99],"graph":[100,104],"construction":[101],"attention":[105],"mechanism":[106],"to":[107,130,141,168,187],"efficiently":[108],"extract":[109],"features,":[111],"placing":[112],"greater":[113],"emphasis":[114],"points":[116],"severe":[118],"distortion.":[119],"GSC":[121],"geometry":[125],"information":[126],"neighboring":[128],"patches":[129],"construct":[131],"an":[132,199],"extended":[133],"neighborhood":[135],"introduces":[137],"transformer-style":[139],"structure":[140],"capture":[142],"long-range":[143],"correlations.":[145],"discriminator":[147],"computes":[148],"deviation":[150],"between":[151],"probability":[153],"distributions":[154],"enhanced":[157],"original":[162],"cloud,":[164],"guiding":[165],"achieve":[169],"high":[170],"reconstruction.":[172],"Experimental":[173],"results":[174],"show":[175,220],"that":[176],"proposed":[178],"method":[179],"achieves":[180,198],"state-of-the-art":[181],"performance.":[182],"Specifically,":[183],"when":[184],"applying":[185],"PCE-GAN":[186],"latest":[189],"geometry-based":[190],"(G-PCC)":[194],"test":[195],"model,":[196],"it":[197],"average":[200],"BD-rate":[201],"-19.2%":[203],"compared":[204,212],"PredLift":[207],"coding":[208,216],"configuration":[209],"-18.3%":[211],"RAHT":[215],"configuration.":[217],"Subjective":[218],"comparisons":[219],"significant":[222],"improvement":[223],"texture":[225],"clarity":[226],"color":[228,236],"transitions,":[229],"revealing":[230],"finer":[231],"details":[232],"more":[234],"natural":[235],"gradients.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}