{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391892422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2024.3364828","title":"BPMTrack: Multi-Object Tracking With Detection Box Application Pattern Mining","display_name":"BPMTrack: Multi-Object Tracking With Detection Box Application Pattern Mining","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391892422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2024.3364828","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38363668"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2024.3364828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2024.3364828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100625179","display_name":"Yan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6216-3165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100729563","display_name":"Haojun Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4858-3011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100642867","display_name":"Jie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7950-4233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101785348","display_name":"Xinbo Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-0776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinbo Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100625179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7178,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97643851,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":null,"first_page":"1508","last_page":"1521"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9625999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.926800012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7347227334976196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6341332197189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5701207518577576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-association","display_name":"Data association","score":0.5356103777885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5235162377357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.501875638961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4966040253639221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.49647313356399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.47108471393585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.4485449194908142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.44477108120918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.4441376328468323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4347411096096039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4330676198005676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.4210051894187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.22261959314346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.19867941737174988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16846609115600586}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7347227334976196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6341332197189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5701207518577576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983325608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084606","display_name":"Data association","level":3,"score":0.5356103777885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5235162377357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.501875638961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4966040253639221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.49647313356399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.47108471393585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.4485449194908142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.44477108120918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4441376328468323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4347411096096039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4330676198005676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4210051894187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.22261959314346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.19867941737174988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16846609115600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2024.3364828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2024.3364828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38363668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38363668","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2022121445","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U21A20514","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3453920714","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62221005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4297946667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22A2096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8946150788","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176195","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G913836228","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62036007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W2088929512","https://openalex.org/W2101544546","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2124781496","https://openalex.org/W2154889144","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2222512263","https://openalex.org/W2252355370","https://openalex.org/W2291627510","https://openalex.org/W2470394683","https://openalex.org/W2504335775","https://openalex.org/W2511791013","https://openalex.org/W2560609797","https://openalex.org/W2570915410","https://openalex.org/W2603203130","https://openalex.org/W2731738241","https://openalex.org/W2886904239","https://openalex.org/W2889935068","https://openalex.org/W2895150009","https://openalex.org/W2899663614","https://openalex.org/W2920942303","https://openalex.org/W2962766617","https://openalex.org/W2962803115","https://openalex.org/W2981393651","https://openalex.org/W2981577079","https://openalex.org/W2983208726","https://openalex.org/W2986732333","https://openalex.org/W3012922853","https://openalex.org/W3027919498","https://openalex.org/W3034679090","https://openalex.org/W3035442500","https://openalex.org/W3035564946","https://openalex.org/W3035727180","https://openalex.org/W3084173793","https://openalex.org/W3086436251","https://openalex.org/W3095753995","https://openalex.org/W3096068180","https://openalex.org/W3096609285","https://openalex.org/W3099598823","https://openalex.org/W3099887740","https://openalex.org/W3104218139","https://openalex.org/W3104778224","https://openalex.org/W3106763294","https://openalex.org/W3109466111","https://openalex.org/W3113093028","https://openalex.org/W3114753236","https://openalex.org/W3115390238","https://openalex.org/W3119686997","https://openalex.org/W3149936330","https://openalex.org/W3159885298","https://openalex.org/W3164698655","https://openalex.org/W3165926952","https://openalex.org/W3167949052","https://openalex.org/W3172793249","https://openalex.org/W3174690341","https://openalex.org/W3176403636","https://openalex.org/W3184439416","https://openalex.org/W3207452968","https://openalex.org/W4205537101","https://openalex.org/W4214516362","https://openalex.org/W4221079664","https://openalex.org/W4283748233","https://openalex.org/W4285357233","https://openalex.org/W4286904999","https://openalex.org/W4294982734","https://openalex.org/W4308351635","https://openalex.org/W4310467366","https://openalex.org/W4312473433","https://openalex.org/W4319866011","https://openalex.org/W4386076204","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6696672603","https://openalex.org/W6733590821","https://openalex.org/W6755977528","https://openalex.org/W6760424586","https://openalex.org/W6775253321","https://openalex.org/W6779586474","https://openalex.org/W6779650541","https://openalex.org/W6780226713","https://openalex.org/W6784094891","https://openalex.org/W6784971059","https://openalex.org/W6785303585","https://openalex.org/W6788023325","https://openalex.org/W6792915775","https://openalex.org/W6795368335","https://openalex.org/W6795813021","https://openalex.org/W6798838024","https://openalex.org/W6839744764","https://openalex.org/W6840663683"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967562786","https://openalex.org/W1972035260","https://openalex.org/W2512793192","https://openalex.org/W4301594054","https://openalex.org/W2794488505","https://openalex.org/W2965594636","https://openalex.org/W2810129309","https://openalex.org/W2164674712","https://openalex.org/W2092099917","https://openalex.org/W2221500023"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"key":[1],"to":[2,68,87,106,171,194,217],"multi-object":[3],"tracking":[4,224],"is":[5,21],"its":[6,219],"stability":[7],"and":[8,23,83,95,137,160,188,230],"the":[9,26,30,44,48,52,61,88,100,108,116,123,142,151,173,196,204,214,222],"retention":[10],"of":[11,35,46,90,112,130,168,175,199,213],"identity":[12],"information.":[13],"A":[14],"common":[15],"problem":[16,89,174],"with":[17,165],"most":[18],"detection-based":[19],"approaches":[20],"trusting":[22],"using":[24],"all":[25,113],"detector":[27],"outputs":[28],"for":[29,122],"association.":[31],"However,":[32],"some":[33],"settings":[34],"detectors":[36],"can":[37],"affect":[38],"stable":[39],"long-range":[40],"tracking.":[41],"Based":[42],"on":[43,75,128],"principle":[45],"reducing":[47],"association":[49,81,140,205],"noise":[50],"in":[51,115],"detection":[53],"processing":[54],"step,":[55],"we":[56,73,98,133,182],"propose":[57,99,134,183],"a":[58,135],"new":[59],"framework,":[60],"Box":[62,101],"application":[63],"Pattern":[64],"Mining":[65],"Tracker":[66],"(BPMTrack),":[67],"address":[69],"this":[70],"issue.":[71],"Specifically,":[72],"worked":[74],"three":[76,223],"main":[77],"aspects:":[78],"output":[79],"threshold,":[80],"strategy,":[82],"motion":[84],"model.":[85],"Due":[86],"inconsistency":[91],"between":[92],"classification":[93],"scores":[94,111],"localization":[96,109],"accuracy,":[97],"Quality":[102],"Estimation":[103],"Network":[104],"(BQENet)":[105],"predict":[107],"quality":[110],"detections":[114],"current":[117],"frame,":[118],"reserving":[119],"high-quality":[120],"boxes":[121],"tracker.":[124],"In":[125],"addition,":[126],"based":[127],"observations":[129],"intensive":[131],"scenarios,":[132],"simple":[136],"effective":[138],"data":[139],"method,":[141],"Non-Maximum":[143,152],"Suppression":[144,153],"Integration":[145],"(NMSI)":[146],"matching":[147,164],"strategy.":[148],"It":[149],"recovers":[150],"(NMS)":[154],"detection,":[155],"inputs":[156],"them":[157],"into":[158],"BQENet,":[159],"then":[161],"performs":[162],"hierarchical":[163],"reasonable":[166],"control":[167],"box":[169],"priority":[170],"alleviate":[172],"absent":[176],"objects":[177],"caused":[178],"by":[179],"occlusion.":[180],"Finally,":[181],"an":[184,209],"improved":[185],"Measurement":[186],"Correct":[187],"Noise":[189],"Scale":[190],"(MCNS)":[191],"Kalman":[192],"algorithm":[193],"improve":[195],"prediction":[197],"accuracy":[198,229],"object":[200],"positions":[201],"and,":[202],"thus,":[203],"quality.":[206],"We":[207],"performed":[208],"extensive":[210],"ablation":[211],"evaluation":[212],"proposed":[215],"framework":[216],"prove":[218],"effectiveness.":[220],"Moreover,":[221],"benchmarks":[225],"show":[226],"our":[227],"method's":[228],"long-distance":[231],"performance.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-31T07:56:22.981413","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
