{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225701435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2022.3142527","title":"Towards Disentangling Latent Space for Unsupervised Semantic Face Editing","display_name":"Towards Disentangling Latent Space for Unsupervised Semantic Face Editing","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225701435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2022.3142527","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35044915"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2022.3142527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2022.3142527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004007577","display_name":"Kanglin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6293-5464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanglin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6293-5464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075534034","display_name":"Gaofeng Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1556-7187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaofeng Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1556-7187","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090831580","display_name":"Fei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1216-2181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1216-2181","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101852707","display_name":"Bozhi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-0736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bozhi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-0736","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101518907","display_name":"Jiang Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8573-311X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204831749","display_name":"Southwestern University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/04ewct822","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economic Information Engineering, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8573-311X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economic Information Engineering, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114259459","display_name":"Guoping Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5877-5648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142539","display_name":"Guangdong Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing","ror":"https://ror.org/049jpjz09","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142539"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoping Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Shenzhen, China","School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5877-5648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88668022,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":null,"first_page":"1475","last_page":"1489"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12301","display_name":"Facial Nerve Paralysis Treatment and Research","score":0.9685999751091003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7920547127723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.581595778465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48740819096565247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.43847569823265076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.4259953498840332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-editing","display_name":"Image editing","score":0.4206656217575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.41155076026916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.25127020478248596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7920547127723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.581595778465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48740819096565247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.43847569823265076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.4259953498840332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776674983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q545981","display_name":"Image editing","level":3,"score":0.4206656217575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41155076026916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25127020478248596}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2022.3142527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2022.3142527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35044915","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35044915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1003541801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021A1515011584","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1374776911","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101290","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1873708986","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JCYJ20200109105008228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329801","funder_display_name":"Shenzhen Research and Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6742667446","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019KZDZX1028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","funder_display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329801","display_name":"Shenzhen Research and Development Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W2078179989","https://openalex.org/W2078718577","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2298992465","https://openalex.org/W2343204383","https://openalex.org/W2524985544","https://openalex.org/W2552391848","https://openalex.org/W2592101326","https://openalex.org/W2603777577","https://openalex.org/W2755036008","https://openalex.org/W2785678896","https://openalex.org/W2952716587","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2962940674","https://openalex.org/W2963525668","https://openalex.org/W2963626105","https://openalex.org/W2963684088","https://openalex.org/W2963767194","https://openalex.org/W2963890275","https://openalex.org/W2964245526","https://openalex.org/W2990251202","https://openalex.org/W3014852036","https://openalex.org/W3026885507","https://openalex.org/W3034431451","https://openalex.org/W3035231706","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3035757124","https://openalex.org/W3094954720","https://openalex.org/W3102061158","https://openalex.org/W3159890710","https://openalex.org/W4246193833","https://openalex.org/W4287817254","https://openalex.org/W4294643831","https://openalex.org/W6685352114","https://openalex.org/W6718379498","https://openalex.org/W6727420689","https://openalex.org/W6734373134","https://openalex.org/W6735913928","https://openalex.org/W6741076065","https://openalex.org/W6745560452","https://openalex.org/W6748582592","https://openalex.org/W6755312952","https://openalex.org/W6758132781","https://openalex.org/W6765645287","https://openalex.org/W6779669310"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4311681673","https://openalex.org/W3216148648","https://openalex.org/W2048716124","https://openalex.org/W2121195913","https://openalex.org/W2944661354","https://openalex.org/W2368871293","https://openalex.org/W2353313924","https://openalex.org/W4246948366","https://openalex.org/W2388668038","https://openalex.org/W2607673196"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Facial":[0],"attributes":[1,43,204],"in":[2,8,52,178,192,210],"StyleGAN":[3,105],"generated":[4],"images":[5],"are":[6],"entangled":[7],"the":[9,25,41,88,114,137,149,170,173,189,193,207,211,237],"latent":[10,55,89,166,190,208],"space":[11,56,90],"which":[12,34,108,158,223],"makes":[13],"it":[14],"very":[15],"difficult":[16,36],"to":[17,37,44,59,86,99,117,124,132,168,200,214],"independently":[18,161],"control":[19,169],"a":[20,72,104,119,154,179],"specific":[21],"attribute":[22,28,50,232],"without":[23],"affecting":[24],"others.":[26],"Supervised":[27],"editing":[29,51,184,233],"requires":[30],"annotated":[31],"training":[32],"data":[33],"is":[35,57,185],"obtain":[38],"and":[39,62,82,128,162,175],"limits":[40],"editable":[42],"those":[45],"with":[46,79],"labels.":[47],"Therefore,":[48],"unsupervised":[49,92],"an":[53],"disentangled":[54,180],"key":[58],"performing":[60],"neat":[61],"versatile":[63],"semantic":[64,93,183],"face":[65,94],"editing.":[66,95],"In":[67],"this":[68],"paper,":[69],"we":[70,101],"present":[71,220],"new":[73,227],"technique":[74],"termed":[75,106],"Structure-Texture":[76],"Independent":[77],"Architecture":[78],"Weight":[80],"Decomposition":[81],"Orthogonal":[83],"Regularization":[84],"(STIA-WO)":[85],"disentangle":[87,148],"for":[91],"By":[96],"applying":[97],"STIA-WO":[98],"GAN,":[100],"have":[102],"developed":[103],"STGAN-WO":[107,152,228],"performs":[109],"weight":[110,122],"decomposition":[111],"through":[112],"utilizing":[113],"style":[115,138],"vector":[116,139],"construct":[118],"fully":[120],"controllable":[121],"matrix":[123],"regulate":[125],"image":[126],"synthesis,":[127],"employs":[129],"orthogonal":[130,198],"regularization":[131],"ensure":[133],"each":[134],"entry":[135],"of":[136,172,236],"only":[140],"controls":[141],"one":[142],"independent":[143,156],"feature":[144],"matrix.":[145],"To":[146],"further":[147],"facial":[150],"attributes,":[151],"introduces":[153],"structure-texture":[155],"architecture":[157],"utilizes":[159],"two":[160],"identically":[163],"distributed":[164],"(i.i.d.)":[165],"vectors":[167],"synthesis":[171],"texture":[174,202],"structure":[176,216],"components":[177],"way.":[181],"Unsupervised":[182],"achieved":[186],"by":[187],"moving":[188],"code":[191,209],"coarse":[194],"layers":[195,213],"along":[196],"its":[197],"directions":[199],"change":[201],"related":[203,217],"or":[205],"changing":[206],"fine":[212],"manipulate":[215],"ones.":[218],"We":[219],"experimental":[221],"results":[222],"show":[224],"that":[225],"our":[226],"can":[229],"achieve":[230],"better":[231],"than":[234],"state":[235],"art":[238],"methods.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
