{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3128176988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2021.3056868","title":"Multi-Stage Feature Fusion Network for Video Super-Resolution","display_name":"Multi-Stage Feature Fusion Network for Video Super-Resolution","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3128176988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2021.3056868","mag":"3128176988","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33560986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2021.3056868","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2021.3056868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100775396","display_name":"Huihui Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7275-9871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huihui Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology (B-DAT), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7275-9871","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology (B-DAT), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006436767","display_name":"Wenjie Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8406-6810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology (B-DAT), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology (B-DAT), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100407381","display_name":"Dong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9100-2906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I869089601","display_name":"Netflix (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0197qw696","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I869089601"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Netflix Inc., Los Gatos, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Netflix Inc., Los Gatos, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I869089601"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115587783","display_name":"\u0411\u043e \u041b\u044e","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3045-628X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["JD Finance America Corporation, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JD Finance America Corporation, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404959","display_name":"Qingshan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5512-6984"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingshan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology (B-DAT), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5512-6984","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology (B-DAT), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109600054","display_name":"Dimitris Metaxas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitris N. Metaxas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8993,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9632237,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":null,"first_page":"2923","last_page":"2934"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7594770193099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.7499058246612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7406967282295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.7186983227729797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-frame","display_name":"Reference frame","score":0.6548192501068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.567993700504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5060457587242126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5002834796905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4609110951423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4417087435722351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0673350989818573}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7594770193099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7499058246612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7406967282295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.7186983227729797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172849965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3148875","display_name":"Reference frame","level":3,"score":0.6548192501068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.567993700504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5060457587242126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5002834796905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4609110951423645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4417087435722351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0673350989818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2021.3056868","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2021.3056868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33560986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33560986","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1194663220","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20191397","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7375732063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61825601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8365947544","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u591a\u6e90\u591a\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u9065\u611f\u5f71\u50cf\u878d\u5408\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61872189","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485009520","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1677182931","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1981990039","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2165222134","https://openalex.org/W2184360182","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2210480155","https://openalex.org/W2214802144","https://openalex.org/W2320725294","https://openalex.org/W2476548250","https://openalex.org/W2545656684","https://openalex.org/W2557227117","https://openalex.org/W2601564443","https://openalex.org/W2603777577","https://openalex.org/W2630837129","https://openalex.org/W2727849499","https://openalex.org/W2734498959","https://openalex.org/W2760103357","https://openalex.org/W2769654144","https://openalex.org/W2781335552","https://openalex.org/W2798664922","https://openalex.org/W2866634454","https://openalex.org/W2891441131","https://openalex.org/W2891446678","https://openalex.org/W2923834406","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2951291220","https://openalex.org/W2962927175","https://openalex.org/W2963182372","https://openalex.org/W2963372104","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963525668","https://openalex.org/W2963610452","https://openalex.org/W2963651499","https://openalex.org/W2963729050","https://openalex.org/W2963774720","https://openalex.org/W2963814095","https://openalex.org/W2964040059","https://openalex.org/W2964086649","https://openalex.org/W2964116203","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964309882","https://openalex.org/W2965669158","https://openalex.org/W2966926453","https://openalex.org/W2986833982","https://openalex.org/W3034475761","https://openalex.org/W3034724715","https://openalex.org/W3102015846","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6686186229","https://openalex.org/W6729110096","https://openalex.org/W6739696289","https://openalex.org/W6740674931","https://openalex.org/W6753074096","https://openalex.org/W6754680263","https://openalex.org/W6755013148","https://openalex.org/W6766008348"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W972276598","https://openalex.org/W4246352526","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W4230315250","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W2087343574"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Video":[0],"super-resolution":[1],"(VSR)":[2],"is":[3,31,54,58,127],"to":[4,32,136,160,214,226,232],"restore":[5],"a":[6,61,115,188],"photo-realistic":[7],"high-resolution":[8],"(HR)":[9],"frame":[10,17,39,110,198,213],"from":[11,71,230],"both":[12],"its":[13],"corresponding":[14],"low-resolution":[15],"(LR)":[16],"(reference":[18],"frame)":[19],"and":[20,64,102,144,191],"multiple":[21],"neighboring":[22],"frames":[23,101,143],"(supporting":[24],"frames).":[25],"An":[26],"important":[27],"step":[28],"in":[29,60,75],"VSR":[30,52,250],"fuse":[33],"the":[34,37,41,44,56,65,72,76,94,99,103,107,123,138,141,145,151,157,166,170,175,182,193,196,203,208,211,221],"feature":[35,67,105,185,194,209,222,229],"of":[36,43,98,106,114,165,178,195,202,210,220],"reference":[38,79,109,146,197,212],"with":[40,50],"features":[42,97,164],"supporting":[45,100,142,167],"frames.":[46,168],"The":[47],"major":[48],"issue":[49],"existing":[51],"methods":[53],"that":[55,92,241],"fusion":[57,223],"conducted":[59],"one-stage":[62],"manner,":[63],"fused":[66],"may":[68],"deviate":[69],"greatly":[70],"visual":[73],"information":[74],"original":[77,108],"LR":[78,231],"frame.":[80,147],"In":[81,120],"this":[82],"paper,":[83],"we":[84,149],"propose":[85],"an":[86,130,227],"end-to-end":[87],"Multi-Stage":[88],"Feature":[89,172],"Fusion":[90,173],"Network":[91],"fuses":[93],"temporally":[95,162,183],"aligned":[96,163,184],"spatial":[104],"at":[111,199,217],"different":[112,200],"stages":[113,201],"feed-forward":[116],"neural":[117],"network":[118,180],"architecture.":[119],"our":[121,179,242],"network,":[122],"Temporal":[124],"Alignment":[125],"Branch":[126],"designed":[128],"as":[129,156,187],"inter-frame":[131],"temporal":[132],"alignment":[133],"module":[134],"used":[135],"mitigate":[137],"misalignment":[139],"between":[140],"Specifically,":[148],"apply":[150],"multi-scale":[152],"dilated":[153],"deformable":[154],"convolution":[155],"basic":[158],"operation":[159],"generate":[161],"Afterwards,":[169],"Modulative":[171],"Branch,":[174],"other":[176],"branch":[177,204],"accepts":[181],"map":[186],"conditional":[189],"input":[190],"modulates":[192],"backbone.":[205],"This":[206],"enables":[207],"be":[215],"referenced":[216],"each":[218],"stage":[219],"process,":[224],"leading":[225],"enhanced":[228],"HR.":[233],"Experimental":[234],"results":[235],"on":[236,249],"several":[237],"benchmark":[238],"datasets":[239],"demonstrate":[240],"proposed":[243],"method":[244],"can":[245],"achieve":[246],"state-of-the-art":[247],"performance":[248],"task.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
