{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3095429212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.3029428","title":"Just Noticeable Distortion Profile Inference: A Patch-Level Structural Visibility Learning Approach","display_name":"Just Noticeable Distortion Profile Inference: A Patch-Level Structural Visibility Learning Approach","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3095429212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.3029428","mag":"3095429212","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33141668"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2020.3029428","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.3029428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082089319","display_name":"Xuelin Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0877-7143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuelin Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0877-7143","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032273272","display_name":"Zhangkai Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3682-6288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangkai Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3682-6288","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070884682","display_name":"Wenhan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1692-0069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055937409","display_name":"Xinfeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7517-3868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinfeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385178","display_name":"Shiqi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3583-959X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiqi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3583-959X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008386708","display_name":"Sam Kwong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-7261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105229","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00xc0ma20","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105229"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam Kwong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-7261","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708","https://openalex.org/I4210105229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9708,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92899923,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":null,"first_page":"26","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.744587779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7061423063278198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.6960575580596924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5243247747421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masking","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","score":0.512227475643158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4846825897693634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45720985531806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.435375839471817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4338317811489105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.4317624568939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19418436288833618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1052219569683075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.744587779045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7061423063278198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.6960575580596924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5243247747421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6783436","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","level":2,"score":0.512227475643158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4846825897693634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45720985531806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.435375839471817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4338317811489105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4317624568939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19418436288833618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1052219569683075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2020.3029428","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.3029428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33141668","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33141668","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2823411590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9042957 (CityU 11203220)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321592","funder_display_name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2988706276","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9042816 (CityU 11209819)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321592","funder_display_name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2999078431","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9048122 (CityU 21211018)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321592","funder_display_name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6598627826","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9042958 (CityU 11203820)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321592","funder_display_name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321592","display_name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","ror":"https://ror.org/00djwmt25"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99749851","https://openalex.org/W139350513","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2008624261","https://openalex.org/W2017986722","https://openalex.org/W2026139930","https://openalex.org/W2034252197","https://openalex.org/W2040576696","https://openalex.org/W2055745001","https://openalex.org/W2057910578","https://openalex.org/W2097506161","https://openalex.org/W2104350111","https://openalex.org/W2111529895","https://openalex.org/W2114415799","https://openalex.org/W2115416470","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2134654392","https://openalex.org/W2136477141","https://openalex.org/W2139496607","https://openalex.org/W2144520790","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2155655721","https://openalex.org/W2331128040","https://openalex.org/W2333724422","https://openalex.org/W2404847069","https://openalex.org/W2511458122","https://openalex.org/W2511913942","https://openalex.org/W2563786098","https://openalex.org/W2567330569","https://openalex.org/W2575940230","https://openalex.org/W2581531361","https://openalex.org/W2598684819","https://openalex.org/W2612410279","https://openalex.org/W2658889823","https://openalex.org/W2737134362","https://openalex.org/W2783903549","https://openalex.org/W2791561215","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2963182372","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2968674715","https://openalex.org/W3003389268","https://openalex.org/W3100498948","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6603982535","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6639824700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392812199","https://openalex.org/W4200176076","https://openalex.org/W598185802","https://openalex.org/W2355516524","https://openalex.org/W2361471170","https://openalex.org/W2025616642","https://openalex.org/W1954972543","https://openalex.org/W2954738200","https://openalex.org/W4220843223","https://openalex.org/W4226107239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,58,86],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"an":[5],"effective":[6],"approach":[7,131],"to":[8,39,60,79,88],"infer":[9],"the":[10,28,35,43,62,66,81,90,114,126,129,133],"just":[11],"noticeable":[12],"distortion":[13],"(JND)":[14],"profile":[15,26],"based":[16,112],"on":[17,113],"patch-level":[18,67],"structural":[19,63,73,84],"visibility":[20,56],"learning.":[21],"Instead":[22],"of":[23,83,128],"pixel-level":[24],"JND":[25,68,94],"estimation,":[27],"image":[29],"patch,":[30],"which":[31],"is":[32,77,96,137],"regarded":[33],"as":[34],"basic":[36],"processing":[37],"unit":[38],"better":[40],"correlate":[41],"with":[42],"human":[44],"perception,":[45],"can":[46],"be":[47],"further":[48,97,124],"decomposed":[49],"into":[50,65],"three":[51],"conceptually":[52],"independent":[53],"components":[54],"for":[55],"estimation.":[57],"particular,":[59],"incorporate":[61],"degradation":[64,74],"model,":[69],"a":[70,93],"deep":[71],"learning-based":[72],"estimation":[75],"model":[76],"trained":[78],"approximate":[80],"masking":[82],"visibility.":[85],"order":[87],"facilitate":[89],"learning":[91],"process,":[92],"dataset":[95,136],"established,":[98],"including":[99],"202":[100],"pristine":[101],"images":[102,106],"and":[103],"7878":[104],"distorted":[105],"generated":[107],"by":[108],"advanced":[109],"compression":[110],"algorithms":[111],"upcoming":[115],"Versatile":[116],"Video":[117],"Coding":[118],"(VVC)":[119],"standard.":[120],"Extensive":[121],"experimental":[122],"results":[123],"show":[125],"superiority":[127],"proposed":[130],"over":[132],"state-of-the-art.":[134],"Our":[135],"available":[138],"at:":[139],"https://github.com/ShenXuelin-CityU/PWJNDInfer.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}