{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083861253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.3019925","title":"Point2SpatialCapsule: Aggregating Features and Spatial Relationships of Local Regions on Point Clouds Using Spatial-Aware Capsules","display_name":"Point2SpatialCapsule: Aggregating Features and Spatial Relationships of Local Regions on Point Clouds Using Spatial-Aware Capsules","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083861253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.3019925","mag":"3083861253","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32894715"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2020.3019925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.3019925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.11026","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100636282","display_name":"Xin Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1937-1875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068597652","display_name":"Zhizhong Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-9973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhizhong Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007736125","display_name":"Xinhai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinhai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101691399","display_name":"Yu-Shen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-1915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Shen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100636282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8166,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98293727,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":null,"first_page":"8855","last_page":"8869"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9815999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7967784404754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.7849262952804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.6808410882949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6660559177398682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6600420475006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6329342126846313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6224532723426819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5452079176902771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.5154581665992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4389902353286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.42715635895729065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.259217768907547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.06518411636352539}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7967784404754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.7849262952804565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.6808410882949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6660559177398682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6600420475006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6329342126846313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6224532723426819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5452079176902771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.5154581665992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4389902353286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.42715635895729065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.259217768907547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.06518411636352539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2020.3019925","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.3019925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32894715","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32894715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1908.11026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.11026","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.11026","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1908.11026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.11026","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.11026","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4158542089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TC190A4DA/3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4233802299","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFB1405703","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4353192804","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0505400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6766780905","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61672307","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":105,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1629010235","https://openalex.org/W1920022804","https://openalex.org/W1922697897","https://openalex.org/W2059745086","https://openalex.org/W2064211824","https://openalex.org/W2114162555","https://openalex.org/W2338532005","https://openalex.org/W2346379194","https://openalex.org/W2461132349","https://openalex.org/W2473085920","https://openalex.org/W2476548250","https://openalex.org/W2517836489","https://openalex.org/W2556802233","https://openalex.org/W2560609797","https://openalex.org/W2572117954","https://openalex.org/W2594519801","https://openalex.org/W2608153915","https://openalex.org/W2608645542","https://openalex.org/W2615230425","https://openalex.org/W2620629206","https://openalex.org/W2737234477","https://openalex.org/W2756157229","https://openalex.org/W2768213582","https://openalex.org/W2780605533","https://openalex.org/W2793251487","https://openalex.org/W2797472209","https://openalex.org/W2798270772","https://openalex.org/W2888486794","https://openalex.org/W2888799854","https://openalex.org/W2890018557","https://openalex.org/W2890299555","https://openalex.org/W2890771286","https://openalex.org/W2902302021","https://openalex.org/W2904332125","https://openalex.org/W2919858370","https://openalex.org/W2921891839","https://openalex.org/W2945774199","https://openalex.org/W2950674916","https://openalex.org/W2953399169","https://openalex.org/W2959771705","https://openalex.org/W2960986959","https://openalex.org/W2962701877","https://openalex.org/W2962731536","https://openalex.org/W2962853356","https://openalex.org/W2962889053","https://openalex.org/W2962928871","https://openalex.org/W2963048248","https://openalex.org/W2963053547","https://openalex.org/W2963057320","https://openalex.org/W2963121255","https://openalex.org/W2963123724","https://openalex.org/W2963143796","https://openalex.org/W2963158438","https://openalex.org/W2963231572","https://openalex.org/W2963443993","https://openalex.org/W2963509914","https://openalex.org/W2963703618","https://openalex.org/W2963708168","https://openalex.org/W2963719584","https://openalex.org/W2964060890","https://openalex.org/W2964228567","https://openalex.org/W2965157662","https://openalex.org/W2970160935","https://openalex.org/W2979750740","https://openalex.org/W2981983525","https://openalex.org/W2982210492","https://openalex.org/W2983098675","https://openalex.org/W2985088149","https://openalex.org/W2990613095","https://openalex.org/W2994631335","https://openalex.org/W2997216793","https://openalex.org/W2997333789","https://openalex.org/W2998413356","https://openalex.org/W3009750677","https://openalex.org/W3014902535","https://openalex.org/W3015648709","https://openalex.org/W3034493208","https://openalex.org/W3035378760","https://openalex.org/W3035398346","https://openalex.org/W3040978087","https://openalex.org/W3082170814","https://openalex.org/W3092946149","https://openalex.org/W3093319304","https://openalex.org/W3102456204","https://openalex.org/W3104141662","https://openalex.org/W3107341168","https://openalex.org/W4288623616","https://openalex.org/W6640129119","https://openalex.org/W6640300118","https://openalex.org/W6685945817","https://openalex.org/W6704170123","https://openalex.org/W6736612982","https://openalex.org/W6739778489","https://openalex.org/W6743446608","https://openalex.org/W6746340398","https://openalex.org/W6748823286","https://openalex.org/W6750189863","https://openalex.org/W6750207810","https://openalex.org/W6756056079","https://openalex.org/W6763103765","https://openalex.org/W6763422710","https://openalex.org/W6771922206","https://openalex.org/W6772687915","https://openalex.org/W6774801324","https://openalex.org/W6779923959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953234277","https://openalex.org/W2626256601","https://openalex.org/W147410782","https://openalex.org/W2900413183","https://openalex.org/W3208297503","https://openalex.org/W2889153461","https://openalex.org/W3119773509","https://openalex.org/W2964117661","https://openalex.org/W4388405611","https://openalex.org/W2619127353"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0],"discriminative":[1,91,124,250],"shape":[2,13,54,92,125,286],"representation":[3,55],"directly":[4],"on":[5,116,243],"point":[6,26,117,257],"clouds":[7],"is":[8,175,206],"still":[9],"challenging":[10],"in":[11,220,229,283],"3D":[12,197,285],"analysis":[14],"and":[15,41,110,214,267,289,296],"understanding.":[16],"Recent":[17],"studies":[18],"usually":[19],"involve":[20],"three":[21],"steps:":[22],"first":[23,169],"splitting":[24],"a":[25,50,100,261],"cloud":[27],"into":[28,49,82,183],"some":[29],"local":[30,39,46,80,114,145,166,180,254],"regions,":[31,167],"then":[32],"extracting":[33],"the":[34,69,73,87,129,149,162,168,179,184,191,195,211,215,221,225,234,240,244,268,280,284,293],"corresponding":[35],"feature":[36,52,62,133,173,222,241,272],"of":[37,113,144,156,165],"each":[38],"region,":[40],"finally":[42],"aggregating":[43,108,210],"all":[44],"individual":[45],"region":[47,181],"features":[48,109,143,182,213],"global":[51],"as":[53],"using":[56,224],"simple":[57],"max-pooling.":[58],"However,":[59],"such":[60],"pooling-based":[61],"aggregation":[63,134],"methods":[64,282],"do":[65],"not":[66,140],"adequately":[67],"take":[68],"spatial":[70,111,150,192,203,216,251,269],"relationships":[71,112,151,217,252],"(e.g.":[72],"relative":[74],"locations":[75,193,270],"to":[76,89,121,177,233],"other":[77],"regions)":[78],"between":[79,264],"regions":[81,115,146,255],"account,":[83],"which":[84,119,188,259],"greatly":[85],"limits":[86],"ability":[88],"learn":[90,122,139,248],"representation.":[93,126],"To":[94,160],"address":[95],"this":[96,230],"issue,":[97],"we":[98],"propose":[99],"novel":[101],"deep":[102],"learning":[103],"network,":[104],"named":[105,171,202],"Point2SpatialCapsule,":[106],"for":[107,208,256],"clouds,":[118,258],"aims":[120],"more":[123,249],"Compared":[127,232],"with":[128],"traditional":[130],"max-pooling":[131],"based":[132,238],"networks,":[135],"Point2SpatialCapsule":[136,154,278],"can":[137,247],"explicitly":[138,189],"only":[141],"geometric":[142,172],"but":[147],"also":[148],"among":[152,218,253],"them.":[153],"consists":[155],"two":[157],"main":[158],"modules.":[159],"resolve":[161],"disorder":[163],"problem":[164],"module,":[170,201],"aggregation,":[174,205],"designed":[176],"aggregate":[178],"learnable":[185],"cluster":[186],"centers,":[187],"encodes":[190],"from":[194],"original":[196],"space.":[198],"The":[199],"second":[200],"relationship":[204],"proposed":[207],"further":[209],"clustered":[212],"them":[219],"space":[223],"spatial-aware":[226,245],"capsules":[227,246],"developed":[228],"paper.":[231],"previous":[235],"capsule":[236],"network":[237],"methods,":[239],"routing":[242],"establishes":[260],"direct":[262],"mapping":[263],"log":[265],"priors":[266],"through":[271],"clusters.":[273],"Experimental":[274],"results":[275],"demonstrate":[276],"that":[277],"outperforms":[279],"state-of-the-art":[281],"classification,":[287],"retrieval":[288],"segmentation":[290],"tasks":[291],"under":[292],"well-known":[294],"ModelNet":[295],"ShapeNet":[297],"datasets.":[298]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}