{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3027175416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.2994410","title":"Crowd Counting Via Cross-Stage Refinement Networks","display_name":"Crowd Counting Via Cross-Stage Refinement Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3027175416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.2994410","mag":"3027175416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2020.2994410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.2994410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/7848","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058145513","display_name":"Yongtuo Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongtuo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100687076","display_name":"Qiang Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9742-4760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024800495","display_name":"Haoxin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6085-2107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoxin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045303340","display_name":"Wenxi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3630-6322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenxi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100662807","display_name":"Jing Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7059-0929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682155","display_name":"Guoqiang Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9687-3900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoqiang Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056103024","display_name":"Shengfeng He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3802-4644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengfeng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058145513"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1207,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95193567,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":null,"first_page":"6800","last_page":"6812"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7999172806739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6356386542320251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6283272504806519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prior-probability","display_name":"Prior probability","score":0.5719195604324341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5496002435684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5441707968711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.494473934173584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4642307162284851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40187761187553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3230974078178406}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7999172806739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6356386542320251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6283272504806519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177769412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278090","display_name":"Prior probability","level":3,"score":0.5719195604324341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5496002435684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5441707968711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.494473934173584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4642307162284851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40187761187553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3230974078178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2020.2994410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.2994410","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-8851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/7848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2020.2994410","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-8851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/7848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2020.2994410","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4746719958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4813735493","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6819254342","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017A030312008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8450291162","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61972162","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8927398668","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61472145","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W815611303","https://openalex.org/W845365781","https://openalex.org/W1485009520","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1910776219","https://openalex.org/W1976959044","https://openalex.org/W1987118352","https://openalex.org/W2013039598","https://openalex.org/W2039430607","https://openalex.org/W2065994824","https://openalex.org/W2072232009","https://openalex.org/W2079023123","https://openalex.org/W2120815373","https://openalex.org/W2138948290","https://openalex.org/W2145983039","https://openalex.org/W2151666244","https://openalex.org/W2155916750","https://openalex.org/W2207893099","https://openalex.org/W2321408197","https://openalex.org/W2463631526","https://openalex.org/W2519281173","https://openalex.org/W2519528544","https://openalex.org/W2741077351","https://openalex.org/W2787979513","https://openalex.org/W2798490576","https://openalex.org/W2798781811","https://openalex.org/W2808519136","https://openalex.org/W2884960332","https://openalex.org/W2886443245","https://openalex.org/W2895051362","https://openalex.org/W2903922555","https://openalex.org/W2948513880","https://openalex.org/W2949333977","https://openalex.org/W2955171701","https://openalex.org/W2961566087","https://openalex.org/W2963035940","https://openalex.org/W2963172723","https://openalex.org/W2963231953","https://openalex.org/W2963396070","https://openalex.org/W2963693541","https://openalex.org/W2963782415","https://openalex.org/W2963893037","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964209782","https://openalex.org/W2964721919","https://openalex.org/W2966271765","https://openalex.org/W2967069910","https://openalex.org/W2967776630","https://openalex.org/W2969620138","https://openalex.org/W2981918755","https://openalex.org/W2982014038","https://openalex.org/W2982130202","https://openalex.org/W2995580282","https://openalex.org/W2995582330","https://openalex.org/W3010021361","https://openalex.org/W3035925134","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6681368121","https://openalex.org/W6748890762","https://openalex.org/W6754034799","https://openalex.org/W6754756387"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386190339","https://openalex.org/W2968424575","https://openalex.org/W3142333283","https://openalex.org/W2580650124","https://openalex.org/W3122088529","https://openalex.org/W3041320102","https://openalex.org/W2111669074","https://openalex.org/W2085259108","https://openalex.org/W3123087812","https://openalex.org/W2071416974"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Crowd":[0],"counting":[1,177],"is":[2,63],"challenging":[3,172],"due":[4],"to":[5,88,93,145],"unconstrained":[6,135],"imaging":[7],"factors,":[8],"e.g.,":[9],"background":[10],"clutters,":[11],"non-uniform":[12],"distribution":[13],"of":[14,65,85,98,134,176],"people,":[15],"large":[16],"scale":[17],"and":[18,33,83,101,149,179,184],"perspective":[19],"variations.":[20],"Dealing":[21],"with":[22,75,131],"these":[23],"problems":[24],"using":[25],"deep":[26],"neural":[27],"networks":[28],"requires":[29],"rich":[30],"prior":[31],"knowledge":[32],"multi-scale":[34],"contextual":[35],"representations.":[36],"In":[37,60],"this":[38,189],"paper,":[39],"we":[40,138],"propose":[41],"a":[42],"Cross-stage":[43,110],"Refinement":[44],"Network":[45],"(CRNet)":[46],"that":[47],"can":[48],"refine":[49,102],"predicted":[50,104],"density":[51,58,91,105,112,180],"maps":[52,106],"progressively":[53],"based":[54,126],"on":[55,127,169],"hierarchical":[56],"multi-level":[57,111],"priors.":[59],"particular,":[61],"CRNet":[62],"composed":[64],"several":[66],"fully":[67],"convolutional":[68],"networks.":[69],"They":[70],"are":[71,114,186],"stacked":[72],"together":[73],"recursively":[74],"the":[76,80,103,122,160],"previous":[77,90],"output":[78,92],"as":[79],"next":[81],"input,":[82],"each":[84],"them":[86],"serves":[87],"utilize":[89],"gradually":[94],"correct":[95],"prediction":[96],"errors":[97],"crowd":[99,136,151],"areas":[100],"at":[107,188],"different":[108,132,140,155],"stages.":[109],"priors":[113],"further":[115],"exploited":[116],"in":[117,174],"our":[118],"recurrent":[119],"framework":[120],"by":[121],"cross-stage":[123],"skip":[124],"layers":[125],"ConvLSTM.":[128],"To":[129],"cope":[130],"challenges":[133],"scenes,":[137],"explore":[139],"crowd-specific":[141],"data":[142],"augmentation":[143],"methods":[144,168],"mimic":[146],"real-world":[147],"scenarios":[148],"enrich":[150],"feature":[152],"representations":[153],"from":[154],"aspects.":[156],"Extensive":[157],"experiments":[158],"show":[159],"proposed":[161],"method":[162],"achieves":[163],"superior":[164],"performances":[165],"against":[166],"state-of-the-art":[167],"four":[170],"widely-used":[171],"benchmarks":[173],"terms":[175],"accuracy":[178],"map":[181],"quality.":[182],"Code":[183],"models":[185],"available":[187],"https://github.com/lytgftyf/Crowd-Counting-via-Cross-stage-Refinement-Networks.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
