{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3021737479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.2990341","title":"LFNet: Light Field Fusion Network for Salient Object Detection","display_name":"LFNet: Light Field Fusion Network for Salient Object Detection","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3021737479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.2990341","mag":"3021737479","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32365027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2020.2990341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.2990341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376482","display_name":"Miao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7972-7047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["DUT-RU International School of Information Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","Key Laboratory for Ubiquitous Network and Service Software of Liaoning Province, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DUT-RU International School of Information Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Ubiquitous Network and Service Software of Liaoning Province, Dalian, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056318151","display_name":"Wei Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4059-5902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014975416","display_name":"Yongri Piao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0860-252X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongri Piao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052821782","display_name":"Jingjing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-7185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651152","display_name":"Yu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9653-3906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102732438","display_name":"Shuang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1804-4012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006986293","display_name":"Huchuan Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6668-9758"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huchuan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":116,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97747632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":null,"first_page":"6276","last_page":"6287"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10971","display_name":"Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-field","display_name":"Light field","score":0.904705822467804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.775145411491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7273892164230347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.677047073841095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.6415513157844543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.6310626268386841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.5886145830154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.49055641889572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4536955654621124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.44168993830680847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14921993017196655}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48983235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593161","display_name":"Light field","level":2,"score":0.904705822467804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.775145411491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7273892164230347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.677047073841095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.6415513157844543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6310626268386841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.5886145830154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.49055641889572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4536955654621124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.44168993830680847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14921993017196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2020.2990341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2020.2990341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32365027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32365027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1327324588","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61976035","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G25629879","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DUT20JC42","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8751346592","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DUT19JC58","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20683899","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1485009520","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1772076007","https://openalex.org/W1854404533","https://openalex.org/W1894057436","https://openalex.org/W1897243830","https://openalex.org/W1920234547","https://openalex.org/W1938386764","https://openalex.org/W1942214758","https://openalex.org/W1947031653","https://openalex.org/W1948751323","https://openalex.org/W1966025376","https://openalex.org/W1976409045","https://openalex.org/W1982075130","https://openalex.org/W1993713494","https://openalex.org/W1994273284","https://openalex.org/W2000946514","https://openalex.org/W2037954058","https://openalex.org/W2039298799","https://openalex.org/W2047670868","https://openalex.org/W2063466834","https://openalex.org/W2086791339","https://openalex.org/W2100470808","https://openalex.org/W2126302311","https://openalex.org/W2128272608","https://openalex.org/W2128340050","https://openalex.org/W2130637418","https://openalex.org/W2131297486","https://openalex.org/W2135957164","https://openalex.org/W2137313943","https://openalex.org/W2147347517","https://openalex.org/W2149694199","https://openalex.org/W2160613239","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2242689308","https://openalex.org/W2338972621","https://openalex.org/W2461475918","https://openalex.org/W2461758788","https://openalex.org/W2472480899","https://openalex.org/W2513285095","https://openalex.org/W2519882742","https://openalex.org/W2520640394","https://openalex.org/W2560092514","https://openalex.org/W2567978322","https://openalex.org/W2569272946","https://openalex.org/W2610074871","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2739974641","https://openalex.org/W2741745116","https://openalex.org/W2744613561","https://openalex.org/W2765838470","https://openalex.org/W2767623212","https://openalex.org/W2795731210","https://openalex.org/W2798791651","https://openalex.org/W2798857366","https://openalex.org/W2807746031","https://openalex.org/W2887522866","https://openalex.org/W2892161352","https://openalex.org/W2902024778","https://openalex.org/W2903622424","https://openalex.org/W2909381593","https://openalex.org/W2913160224","https://openalex.org/W2938260698","https://openalex.org/W2943125866","https://openalex.org/W2948300571","https://openalex.org/W2950800384","https://openalex.org/W2955060956","https://openalex.org/W2962741298","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2963032190","https://openalex.org/W2963112696","https://openalex.org/W2963529609","https://openalex.org/W2963685207","https://openalex.org/W2963868681","https://openalex.org/W2963906836","https://openalex.org/W2964738399","https://openalex.org/W2965638232","https://openalex.org/W2969377765","https://openalex.org/W2984615777","https://openalex.org/W2990984982","https://openalex.org/W3098389804","https://openalex.org/W3099871687","https://openalex.org/W3103757879","https://openalex.org/W3104979525","https://openalex.org/W3125520697","https://openalex.org/W4239147634","https://openalex.org/W4288798638","https://openalex.org/W6628877408","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638992375","https://openalex.org/W6639359414","https://openalex.org/W6639624585","https://openalex.org/W6648922525","https://openalex.org/W6679384166","https://openalex.org/W6680152570","https://openalex.org/W6680437723","https://openalex.org/W6690651568","https://openalex.org/W6714138976","https://openalex.org/W6749837175","https://openalex.org/W6759154976","https://openalex.org/W6761797528"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2329500892","https://openalex.org/W28991112","https://openalex.org/W2370726991","https://openalex.org/W2369710579","https://openalex.org/W4327728159","https://openalex.org/W4394266730","https://openalex.org/W1990856605","https://openalex.org/W2053783616","https://openalex.org/W4388913932","https://openalex.org/W4309130263"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,11,40,46,53],"novel":[6],"light":[7,13,19,47,54,71,78,82,92,102,122,159],"field":[8,14,20,48,55,72,79,83,93,103,123,160],"fusion":[9],"network-LFNet,":[10],"CNNs-based":[12],"saliency":[15,113],"model":[16],"using":[17],"4D":[18,155],"data":[21],"containing":[22],"abundant":[23],"spatial":[24,107],"and":[25,34,52,63,67,84,95,105,125,136,142,154],"contextual":[26],"information.":[27],"The":[28,74],"proposed":[29],"method":[30,116,148],"can":[31,60,117],"reliably":[32],"locate":[33],"identify":[35],"salient":[36],"objects":[37,141],"even":[38],"in":[39,130],"complex":[41,131],"scene.":[42],"Our":[43,115],"LFNet":[44],"contains":[45],"refinement":[49],"module":[50,57],"(LFRM)":[51],"integration":[56],"(LFIM)":[58],"which":[59],"fully":[61],"refine":[62],"integrate":[64],"focusness,":[65],"depths":[66],"objectness":[68],"cues":[69],"from":[70],"image.":[73],"LFRM":[75],"learns":[76,106],"the":[77,97,150],"residual":[80],"between":[81,109],"RGB":[85],"images":[86],"for":[87],"refining":[88],"features":[89],"with":[90],"useful":[91],"cues,":[94],"then":[96],"LFIM":[98],"weights":[99],"each":[100],"refined":[101],"feature":[104],"correlation":[108],"them":[110],"to":[111],"predict":[112],"maps.":[114],"take":[118],"full":[119],"advantage":[120],"of":[121],"information":[124],"achieve":[126],"excellent":[127],"performance":[128],"especially":[129],"scenes,":[132],"e.g.,":[133],"similar":[134],"foreground":[135],"background,":[137],"multiple":[138],"or":[139],"transparent":[140],"low-contrast":[143],"environment.":[144],"Experiments":[145],"show":[146],"our":[147],"outperforms":[149],"state-of-the-art":[151],"2D,":[152],"3D":[153],"methods":[156],"across":[157],"three":[158],"datasets.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}