{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2761287863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2018.2847035","title":"Reducing Complexity of HEVC: A Deep Learning Approach","display_name":"Reducing Complexity of HEVC: A Deep Learning Approach","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2761287863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2018.2847035","mag":"2761287863","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29994256"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2018.2847035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2018.2847035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.01218","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079385534","display_name":"Mai Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0277-3301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mai Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0277-3301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100460598","display_name":"Tianyi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-7798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103046319","display_name":"Zulin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1328-7739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zulin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040495514","display_name":"Xin Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4708-6572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4708-6572","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082999550","display_name":"Ren Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4124-4186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ren Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4124-4186","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083017828","display_name":"Zhenyu Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-338X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":31.6564,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":326,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99845638,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"10","first_page":"5044","last_page":"5059"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7589473724365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6294783353805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.6130361557006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5845410227775574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5660077333450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5591856837272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.45346370339393616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42661038041114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3629213571548462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34461382031440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14984175562858582}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7589473724365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6294783353805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.6130361557006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5845410227775574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5660077333450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5591856837272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.45346370339393616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42661038041114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3629213571548462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34461382031440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14984175562858582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tip.2018.2847035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tip.2018.2847035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210173141","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","issn_l":"1057-7149","issn":["1057-7149","1941-0042"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29994256","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29994256","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1710.01218","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1710.01218","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.01218","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1710.01218","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1710.01218","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.01218","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2392328649","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4777822298","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"151061","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334945","funder_display_name":"Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7470941311","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61573037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334945","display_name":"Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1904365287","https://openalex.org/W1973962379","https://openalex.org/W1995311195","https://openalex.org/W2002994330","https://openalex.org/W2013875322","https://openalex.org/W2034076266","https://openalex.org/W2043292349","https://openalex.org/W2044884093","https://openalex.org/W2045467641","https://openalex.org/W2047745311","https://openalex.org/W2055745001","https://openalex.org/W2060388208","https://openalex.org/W2082392931","https://openalex.org/W2088347497","https://openalex.org/W2095407248","https://openalex.org/W2101620528","https://openalex.org/W2101700394","https://openalex.org/W2109024809","https://openalex.org/W2131070359","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2154015495","https://openalex.org/W2156387975","https://openalex.org/W2246661590","https://openalex.org/W2288419416","https://openalex.org/W2309004294","https://openalex.org/W2412050356","https://openalex.org/W2425218193","https://openalex.org/W2489232643","https://openalex.org/W2503465352","https://openalex.org/W2513169612","https://openalex.org/W2518546937","https://openalex.org/W2528164463","https://openalex.org/W2531991842","https://openalex.org/W2602278151","https://openalex.org/W2610325777","https://openalex.org/W2612958211","https://openalex.org/W2723482394","https://openalex.org/W2753763724","https://openalex.org/W2792088772","https://openalex.org/W2979673094","https://openalex.org/W2979990382","https://openalex.org/W6640036494","https://openalex.org/W6658722093","https://openalex.org/W6661993525","https://openalex.org/W6682889407"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2611989081","https://openalex.org/W4321487865","https://openalex.org/W4313906399","https://openalex.org/W4239306820","https://openalex.org/W4391266461","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3103566983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"Efficiency":[1],"Video":[2],"Coding":[3],"(HEVC)":[4],"significantly":[5],"reduces":[6],"bit-rates":[7],"over":[8],"the":[9,15,24,36,42,59,64,105,111,122,143,146,158,165,178,182,193,198,216],"preceding":[10],"H.264":[11],"standard":[12],"but":[13],"at":[14,67,201,219],"expense":[16],"of":[17,27,35,114,124,149,181],"extremely":[18],"high":[19],"encoding":[20,38,147],"complexity.":[21],"In":[22],"HEVC,":[23],"quad-tree":[25],"partition":[26,61,94,113,128,195],"coding":[28,117],"unit":[29,119],"(CU)":[30],"consumes":[31],"a":[32,53,88,125],"large":[33],"proportion":[34],"HEVC":[37,65,97,151,199,217],"complexity,":[39],"due":[40],"to":[41,57,141,163,176,191],"brute-force":[43,159],"search":[44,160],"for":[45,62,96,139,196],"rate-distortion":[46],"optimization":[47],"(RDO).":[48],"Therefore,":[49],"this":[50],"paper":[51],"proposes":[52],"deep":[54,102],"learning":[55,103,140],"approach":[56,209],"predict":[58,142,192],"CU":[60,93,106,112,127,166,183,194],"reducing":[63,197,215],"complexity":[66,148,200,218],"both":[68,220],"intra-and":[69,98,221],"inter-modes,":[70],"which":[71],"is":[72,174],"based":[73],"on":[74,104],"convolutional":[75],"neural":[76],"network":[77],"(CNN)":[78],"and":[79,189],"long-and":[80],"short-term":[81],"memory":[82],"(LSTM)":[83],"network.":[84],"First,":[85],"we":[86,109,132,186],"establish":[87],"large-scale":[89],"database":[90],"including":[91],"substantial":[92],"data":[95],"inter-modes.":[99,222],"This":[100],"enables":[101],"partition.":[107,167,184],"Second,":[108],"represent":[110],"an":[115,134,169],"entire":[116],"tree":[118],"(CTU)":[120],"in":[121,214],"form":[123],"hierarchical":[126,136,171],"map":[129],"(HCPM).":[130],"Then,":[131,185],"propose":[133],"early-terminated":[135,170],"CNN":[137],"(ETH-CNN)":[138],"HCPM.":[144],"Consequently,":[145],"intra-mode":[150],"can":[152],"be":[153],"drastically":[154],"reduced":[155],"by":[156],"replacing":[157],"with":[161],"ETH-CNN":[162,190],"decide":[164],"Third,":[168],"LSTM":[172],"(ETH-LSTM)":[173],"proposed":[175],"learn":[177],"temporal":[179],"correlation":[180],"combine":[187],"ETH-LSTM":[188],"inter-mode.":[202],"Finally,":[203],"experimental":[204],"results":[205],"show":[206],"that":[207],"our":[208],"outperforms":[210],"other":[211],"state-of-the-art":[212],"approaches":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":88},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}